James C. Docherty is an independent Canberra-based author of Scottish descent. He holds three history degrees, a bachelor’s from the University of Newcastle, New South Wales, and a master’s and doctorate from the Australian National University. He has published books both in Australia and the United States.

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• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsIntroductionConfronting CaledoniaHistorians and Population HistoryFamily and Population HistoryUnlocking MigrationWhat this Book OffersHighlands, Lowlands, and Clearances1. Discovering the People Scenery and ScarcityA Blended PeopleRobert Wallace and the Population DebateAlexander Webster’s Scotland, c. 1751Sir John Sinclair’s Scotland, c. 1791John Rickman and ScotlandRev. Thomas Malthus and ScotlandHow Many People?Why Did the Population Grow after 1650?A Mainly Female People?James Cleland’s Glasgow, 1820sEnlightenment IndeedWhat Were Their Names?What Were Their Faiths?Were They Married?Household and Family SizeOnly Slow Improvement, 1750–19002. Scotland Made and Unmade Not the Land of OpportunityA Conscripted Urban PeopleThe Victorian Economy: Mixed ResultsEnter the IrishThe Slow Death of Labor Demand, 1901–19713. No Simple Story Destination Ulster, 1608–c. 1720Destination North America, c. 1720–1776Scotland Revisited, c. 1720–1776The Expatriates Return, c. 1800–1820The Two Sides of Scottish Migration, 1840–1930How Many Left?Not All It SeemedHelping the Poor and Getting Land, c. 1820–1880Deciding to GoLooking for Work that Paid, c. 1870–1930Where Did They Come From?The Scottish Presence, c. 1930What Future?No Easy Answers4. England The Manchester Scots, 1837Henry Mayhew’s London Scots, 1856Important and Distinctive, 1820–1930North England and London, 1841–1931PresbyterianismWhere Did They Come From?What Did They Do?Were They Married?Few Surprises5. North America Making the Sources SpeakDid They Stay?Where Did They Go?What Did They Do?What Were Their Names?What Did They Believe In?Were They Married?A World of Kith and KinThe 1900sMoving OnJohn Kenneth Galbraith’s The ScotchReluctant Americans?How Well Did They Do?Southward Bound?6. South Africa and Australasia A Variable PresenceSouth Africa: Failure to ThriveSuccess in the Antipodes: Australia and New ZealandGold and DistanceDid They Stay?Governments Lend a HandWhere Did They Go?What Did They Do?Were They Married?ChildrenWhat Did They Believe In?How Healthy Were They?Only If Necessary7. A Changed World Still Distressed: Scotland c. 1930–1970First Choice: EnglandLess Popular: CanadaNot Really Wanted: United StatesStill Welcome: Australia and New ZealandPutting It TogetherThe Man on the BridgeAppendix A: A Population Timeline Appendix B: The People’s Names Appendix C: Some Vital DataBibliography About the Author