Coastal Foragers of the Gran Desierto

Douglas R. Mitchell, MA, is a research associate at S’edav Va’aki Museum in Phoenix, Arizona. He spent more than thirty-five years conducting archaeological investigations, and his research interests include prehistoric cultures of Arizona, chronology, settlement systems, northern Gulf of California coastal middens, and the study of prehistoric burial practices in the Southwest.Jonathan B. Mabry, PhD, is an anthropologist and archaeologist with more than forty years of fieldwork experience in the deserts of the Middle East, North Africa, U.S. Southwest, and Northwest Mexico. His research has focused on Indigenous subsistence adaptations, social organizations, and cultural histories of prehistoric peoples of the U.S.-Mexico desert.Gary Huckleberry, PhD, is an adjunct research associate and lecturer at the University of Arizona who specializes in geomorphology, soils, geoarchaeology, and environmental change. He was an assistant and then associate professor at Washington State University and served as co-editor of the journal Geoarchaeology.Natalia MartÍnez-TagÜeÑa, PhD, is an environmental anthropologist and community archaeologist conducting participatory research for drylands sustainability. Her research topics include subsistence, climate change, coastal adaptations, governance, social innovation, and sustainable development. She is the co-editor of Stewardship of Future Drylands and Climate Change in the Global South.

• 1. Introduction and Project Background (Mitchell, Mabry, Huckleberry, Martinez-TagÜeÑa, Foster)a. Environmental Settingb. Previous Researchc. Research Themesd. Field Methods2. A Sketch of PapaguerÍan Culture History (Mitchell and Martynec)a. The Pre-Ceramic Period (11,000 BC – AD 700)b. The Ceramic Period (AD 700–1800)c. Historic Period Native Americans (AD 1800+)3. Coastal Ecology of the Northeastern Gulf of California and the Puerto PeÑasco-BahÍa AdairRegion (Brusca)a. The Northern Gulf of Californiab. Coastal Environment of the Puerto PeÑasco-BahÍa Adair Regionc. Estero de MorÚad. BahÍa Adaire. Summary4. Geomorphology and Shell Midden Stratigraphy along the Northern Sonoran Coast: Implicationsfor Environmental Change and Archaeological Site Formation (Huckleberry)a. Geologic Settingb. Geomorphologyc. Sea Level Changed. Shell Midden Stratigraphye. Summary5. Results of the Excavations (Mitchell)a. Sites in the Adair Bay Study Areab. Other loci at Adair Bayc. The MorÚa Site Investigationsd. Summary6. Artifacts (Sliva, J. Adams, Mitchell, Mabry)a. Ceramics (Mitchell and Mabry)b. Flaked Stone Artifacts (Sliva)c. Ground Stone Artifacts (Adams and Martin)d. Shell Artifacts (Mitchell and Mabry)e. Summary7. Obsidian Artifact Analysis (Shackley)a. Results of this Analysisb. Sources West of the Colorado Riverc. Summary8. Archaeological Evidence of Marine Resources Used for Subsistence in Coastal Northern Sonora,Mexico (Mitchell, Rowell, Brusca)a. Fish Remainsb. Mollusksc. Sea Turtle Remainsd. Crabse. Summary9. Plant remains (K. Adams)a. Useful Plants in The Puerto PeÑasco Region: Modern Ethnographic Perspectiveb. Evidence of Plant Use by Ancient Groups: Archaeological Perspectivec. Discussion10. Seasonality of Mollusk Collection from Shell Middens in the Puerto PeÑasco region (Worthey, Dettman, Schwan)a. Mollusk Shell Growth and Δ18o Values in the Northern Gulf of Californiab. Methodsc. Resultsd. Discussione. Conclusion11. Chronology of the Puerto PeÑasco Shell Middens (Mitchell, Huckleberry)a. Radiocarbon datingb. Artifactsc. Chronological Reconstruction of shell midden use near Puerto PeÑasco12. Prehistoric Coastal Foraging on the Gran Desierto Coast (Mabry, Mitchell, Martinez-TagÜeÑa)a. Coastal Adaptations in Human Prehistoryb. Cross-Cultural Patterns of Intertidal Zone Foragingc. Historical Records of Indigenous Foraging on the Gran Desierto Coastd. A Human Behavioral Ecology Model of Prehistoric Coastal Foraging on the Gran Desierto Coaste. Lessons about Coastal Foraging in Arid Environments13. Concluding Thoughts and Directions for Future Research along the Northern Coast of the Gulf ofCalifornia (Mabry, Mitchell, Huckleberry, Martinez-TagÜeÑa)Appendicesa. The 1986 Survey in the Gran Desierto (Bowen)b. Thermofisher Scientific Quant'x Analysis and Instrumentationc. Isotope Profiles