James G. Carrier has taught and done research in Papua New Guinea, the United States and Great Britain. For the past decade he has studied the relationship among local fishers, conservationists and the tourism sector in Jamaica. He has published extensively on this research and on environmental protection generally.

“The chapters in the first section provide rich descriptions of environmental discourses, but the true contribution of Virtualism, governance and practice is found in the second section, which explores the relationship between conservation design and conservation execution... Even if [it does] not answer all of the important  questions, [it] succeeds marvelously in posing them in a clear, provocative manner. [It] would be an excellent addition to courses on environmental discourses and community-based conservation. Even more, [it] would be useful reading for any individual who hopes to contribute to the policy and practice of conservation in the twenty-first century.”  ·  Focaal"This collection is an exciting, important and cutting-edge contribution to the literature from some leading contributors. The individual chapters are well written and provide some fascinating case studies."  ·  Daniel Brockington, Manchester University"This is an excellent and fascinating study of ethnographic studies and conceptual essays …The breadth and detail of these studies, combined with the excellent conceptual framework provided by editors, make this a highly valuable collection for scholars, policy makers, and applied practitioners."  ·  James Igoe, Dartmouth College

• List of Figures, Tables and BoxesPrefaceList of AbbreviationsIntroductionJames G. Carrier and Paige WestChapter 1. Virtualism and the Logic of EnvironmentalismVassos ArgyrouChapter 2. New Nature: On the Production of a ParadoxMaarten OnneweerChapter 3. A Culture of Conservation: Shaping the Human Element in National ParksKathy RettieChapter 4. A Bridge Too Far: The Knowledge Problem in the Millennium AssessmentColin FilerChapter 5. Creolising Conservation: Caribbean Responses to Global Trends in Environmental ManagementTighe GeogheganChapter 6. Uncivil Society: Local Stakeholders and Environmental Protection in JamaicaAndrew GarnerChapter 7. ‘The Report Was Written for Money to Come’: Constructing and Reconstructing the Case for Conservation in Papua New GuineaFlip van HeldenConclusion: Can the World Be Micromanaged?Josiah McC. HeymanNotes on ContributorsIndex

James G. Carrier has taught and done research in Papua New Guinea, the United States and Great Britain. For the past decade he has studied the relationship among local fishers, conservationists and the tourism sector in Jamaica. He has published extensively on this research and on environmental protection generally.

“The chapters in the first section provide rich descriptions of environmental discourses, but the true contribution of Virtualism, governance and practice is found in the second section, which explores the relationship between conservation design and conservation execution... Even if [it does] not answer all of the important  questions, [it] succeeds marvelously in posing them in a clear, provocative manner. [It] would be an excellent addition to courses on environmental discourses and community-based conservation. Even more, [it] would be useful reading for any individual who hopes to contribute to the policy and practice of conservation in the twenty-first century.”  ·  Focaal"This collection is an exciting, important and cutting-edge contribution to the literature from some leading contributors. The individual chapters are well written and provide some fascinating case studies."  ·  Daniel Brockington, Manchester University"This is an excellent and fascinating study of ethnographic studies and conceptual essays …The breadth and detail of these studies, combined with the excellent conceptual framework provided by editors, make this a highly valuable collection for scholars, policy makers, and applied practitioners."  ·  James Igoe, Dartmouth College

• List of Figures, Tables and BoxesPrefaceList of AbbreviationsIntroductionJames G. Carrier and Paige WestChapter 1. Virtualism and the Logic of EnvironmentalismVassos ArgyrouChapter 2. New Nature: On the Production of a ParadoxMaarten OnneweerChapter 3. A Culture of Conservation: Shaping the Human Element in National ParksKathy RettieChapter 4. A Bridge Too Far: The Knowledge Problem in the Millennium AssessmentColin FilerChapter 5. Creolising Conservation: Caribbean Responses to Global Trends in Environmental ManagementTighe GeogheganChapter 6. Uncivil Society: Local Stakeholders and Environmental Protection in JamaicaAndrew GarnerChapter 7. ‘The Report Was Written for Money to Come’: Constructing and Reconstructing the Case for Conservation in Papua New GuineaFlip van HeldenConclusion: Can the World Be Micromanaged?Josiah McC. HeymanNotes on ContributorsIndex