Hyun Kyoung Ro is Associate Professor of Counseling and Higher Education at the University of North Texas, USA.Frank Fernandez is Assistant Professor of Higher Education at the University of Florida, USA.Elizabeth J. Ramon is a PhD student in Counseling and Higher Education at the University of North Texas, USA.

"Gender, STEM, and education are mainstays of global economic and development agendas, but finally Ro, Fernandez, and Ramon have created a broadly representative collection of empirical and conceptual work that addresses issues of access at the institutional level alongside accounts of the experiences and choices that individual women make as part of their everyday experiences and inequities as they participate in STEM education and eventually in their professional lives as well. This volume bridges the macro-to-micro gap better than any I’ve seen on this topic." – Alexander W. Wiseman, Professor of Educational Psychology & Leadership, Texas Tech University, USA"The editors and contributors of this penetrating volume fill a hole in the comparative higher education literature. Readers will appreciate the attention to the worldwide pipeline, to intersectionality, and to policy approaches that may effect greater gender equity in STEM at a global level." -- David M. Post, Professor of Education at Pennsylvania State University and Past-President of Comparative and International Education Society, USA"A talented group of emerging scholars have spearheaded a timely contribution to STEM higher education on six continents. It will, undoubtedly, make significant contributions to factors affecting linkages among gender and university enrollments and degree completions. This anthology impressively discusses topics – culture, demographics, geography, and statistics – as variables, contributing to enhanced comprehension of STEM and its impact on higher education among different types of university structures." --Beverly Lindsay, Co-Director and Principal Investigator of Ford Foundation Grant, University of California, USA"Gender Equity in STEM provides a balance and much needed examination of gender and STEM at the global level, and, across ten countries. The balance of statistical analyses of patterns over time, and deeper qualitative examinations of specific dynamics offers readers a nuanced understanding of gender and STEM beyond assumptions about lack of preparation for girls, gender stereotyping, and chilly climates within STEM fields. It is an important book for moving our thinking beyond equality toward understanding and action for equity. The collection of case studies, both quantitative and qualitative, contextualize how gender in STEM fields plays out and what inhibits or enables equitable practices and outcomes."--Karen Monkman, Professor Emerita of Education Policy, DePaul University, USA"Science is the hope of the world yet most of the world is excluded from it. Gender is as a barrier everywhere and more so for those emerging women scientists that must contend with English as a second language, patchy infrastructure and opportunities and the brutal embedded heritage of racism that permeates many post-colonial settings. In this important and timely volume Hyun Kyoung Ro, Frank Fernandez and Elizabeth Ramon help us to respect what has been achieved and also remind us how far there is to go."--Simon Marginson, Professor of Higher Education, University of Oxford, UK, and Joint Editor in Chief of Higher Education

• Chapter 1: Introduction: Gender Equity in STEM in Higher Education: International Perspectives on Policy, Institutional Culture, and Individual ChoiceHyun Kyoung Ro, Elizabeth J. Ramon, and Frank FernandezPART I: Demographic Trends and National InitiativesChapter 2: A Cross-National Analysis of Women Graduates with Tertiary Degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math, 1998-2018: Commonalities and VariationsSeungah S. Lee, Christine Min Wotipka, and Francisco O. RamirezChapter 3: The Rise of Women in STEM Higher Education in China: Achievements and ChallengesLiu Lingyu, Shen Wenqin, and Li ChaoChapter 4: The Higher Education Trajectories of Taiwanese Women in STEM: A Longitudinal AnalysisYuan Chih Fu, Amelio Salvador Quetzal, and Yuehluen HuChapter 5: STEM Bachelor’s Degree Attainment among Women of Color in the United States: Using Geographic Analysis for Gender and Racial Equity ResearchHyun Kyoung Ro, Yi Meng, and Qiong ZhuChapter 6: A Comprehensive Approach to Addressing Gender Equity in STEM Subjects at Four-Year Universities in EnglandHyun Kyoung Ro, Frank Fernandez, and Benjamin AlcottPART II: Women’s Choice and University ContextsChapter 7: Women in STEM in Chilean Higher Education: Social Movements and Institutional TransformationsJeongeun Kim and Sergio CelisChapter 8: Examining Gender (In)Equality in German Engineering: Considering the Importance of Interest, Perceptions, and ChoiceJennifer Dusdal and Frank FernandezChapter 9: Gender Equity in STEM Higher Education in KazakhstanAnna CohenMiller, Aray Saniyazova, Anara Sandygulova, and Zhanna IzekenovaChapter 10: Black African Women in Engineering Higher Education in South Africa: Contending with History, Race and GenderYeukai Angela MlamboChapter 11: Approaches for Attracting, Retaining, and Progressing Women in Australian Undergraduate Engineering: Curricular Innovation Focused on Humanitarian and Human-Centered Design ConceptsAndrea M. Goncher and Shara CameronChapter 12: Aspiring and Becoming STEM Teachers in Hong Kong: A Gender PerspectiveHei-hang Hayes Tang, Derek Wai Sun Chun, Iris Chi Yan Leung, and Thomas Siu Ho YauChapter 13: Conclusion: Unique but Transferable Approaches for Pursuing Gender Equity in STEM in Higher Education across the WorldHyun Kyoung Ro, Elizabeth J. Ramon, and Frank Fernandez

Hyun Kyoung Ro is Associate Professor of Counseling and Higher Education at the University of North Texas, USA.Frank Fernandez is Assistant Professor of Higher Education at the University of Florida, USA.Elizabeth J. Ramon is a PhD student in Counseling and Higher Education at the University of North Texas, USA.

"Gender, STEM, and education are mainstays of global economic and development agendas, but finally Ro, Fernandez, and Ramon have created a broadly representative collection of empirical and conceptual work that addresses issues of access at the institutional level alongside accounts of the experiences and choices that individual women make as part of their everyday experiences and inequities as they participate in STEM education and eventually in their professional lives as well. This volume bridges the macro-to-micro gap better than any I’ve seen on this topic." – Alexander W. Wiseman, Professor of Educational Psychology & Leadership, Texas Tech University, USA"The editors and contributors of this penetrating volume fill a hole in the comparative higher education literature. Readers will appreciate the attention to the worldwide pipeline, to intersectionality, and to policy approaches that may effect greater gender equity in STEM at a global level." -- David M. Post, Professor of Education at Pennsylvania State University and Past-President of Comparative and International Education Society, USA"A talented group of emerging scholars have spearheaded a timely contribution to STEM higher education on six continents. It will, undoubtedly, make significant contributions to factors affecting linkages among gender and university enrollments and degree completions. This anthology impressively discusses topics – culture, demographics, geography, and statistics – as variables, contributing to enhanced comprehension of STEM and its impact on higher education among different types of university structures." --Beverly Lindsay, Co-Director and Principal Investigator of Ford Foundation Grant, University of California, USA"Gender Equity in STEM provides a balance and much needed examination of gender and STEM at the global level, and, across ten countries. The balance of statistical analyses of patterns over time, and deeper qualitative examinations of specific dynamics offers readers a nuanced understanding of gender and STEM beyond assumptions about lack of preparation for girls, gender stereotyping, and chilly climates within STEM fields. It is an important book for moving our thinking beyond equality toward understanding and action for equity. The collection of case studies, both quantitative and qualitative, contextualize how gender in STEM fields plays out and what inhibits or enables equitable practices and outcomes."--Karen Monkman, Professor Emerita of Education Policy, DePaul University, USA"Science is the hope of the world yet most of the world is excluded from it. Gender is as a barrier everywhere and more so for those emerging women scientists that must contend with English as a second language, patchy infrastructure and opportunities and the brutal embedded heritage of racism that permeates many post-colonial settings. In this important and timely volume Hyun Kyoung Ro, Frank Fernandez and Elizabeth Ramon help us to respect what has been achieved and also remind us how far there is to go."--Simon Marginson, Professor of Higher Education, University of Oxford, UK, and Joint Editor in Chief of Higher Education

• Chapter 1: Introduction: Gender Equity in STEM in Higher Education: International Perspectives on Policy, Institutional Culture, and Individual ChoiceHyun Kyoung Ro, Elizabeth J. Ramon, and Frank FernandezPART I: Demographic Trends and National InitiativesChapter 2: A Cross-National Analysis of Women Graduates with Tertiary Degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math, 1998-2018: Commonalities and VariationsSeungah S. Lee, Christine Min Wotipka, and Francisco O. RamirezChapter 3: The Rise of Women in STEM Higher Education in China: Achievements and ChallengesLiu Lingyu, Shen Wenqin, and Li ChaoChapter 4: The Higher Education Trajectories of Taiwanese Women in STEM: A Longitudinal AnalysisYuan Chih Fu, Amelio Salvador Quetzal, and Yuehluen HuChapter 5: STEM Bachelor’s Degree Attainment among Women of Color in the United States: Using Geographic Analysis for Gender and Racial Equity ResearchHyun Kyoung Ro, Yi Meng, and Qiong ZhuChapter 6: A Comprehensive Approach to Addressing Gender Equity in STEM Subjects at Four-Year Universities in EnglandHyun Kyoung Ro, Frank Fernandez, and Benjamin AlcottPART II: Women’s Choice and University ContextsChapter 7: Women in STEM in Chilean Higher Education: Social Movements and Institutional TransformationsJeongeun Kim and Sergio CelisChapter 8: Examining Gender (In)Equality in German Engineering: Considering the Importance of Interest, Perceptions, and ChoiceJennifer Dusdal and Frank FernandezChapter 9: Gender Equity in STEM Higher Education in KazakhstanAnna CohenMiller, Aray Saniyazova, Anara Sandygulova, and Zhanna IzekenovaChapter 10: Black African Women in Engineering Higher Education in South Africa: Contending with History, Race and GenderYeukai Angela MlamboChapter 11: Approaches for Attracting, Retaining, and Progressing Women in Australian Undergraduate Engineering: Curricular Innovation Focused on Humanitarian and Human-Centered Design ConceptsAndrea M. Goncher and Shara CameronChapter 12: Aspiring and Becoming STEM Teachers in Hong Kong: A Gender PerspectiveHei-hang Hayes Tang, Derek Wai Sun Chun, Iris Chi Yan Leung, and Thomas Siu Ho YauChapter 13: Conclusion: Unique but Transferable Approaches for Pursuing Gender Equity in STEM in Higher Education across the WorldHyun Kyoung Ro, Elizabeth J. Ramon, and Frank Fernandez

Hyun Kyoung Ro is Associate Professor of Counseling and Higher Education at the University of North Texas, USA.Frank Fernandez is Assistant Professor of Higher Education at the University of Florida, USA.Elizabeth J. Ramon is a PhD student in Counseling and Higher Education at the University of North Texas, USA.

"Gender, STEM, and education are mainstays of global economic and development agendas, but finally Ro, Fernandez, and Ramon have created a broadly representative collection of empirical and conceptual work that addresses issues of access at the institutional level alongside accounts of the experiences and choices that individual women make as part of their everyday experiences and inequities as they participate in STEM education and eventually in their professional lives as well. This volume bridges the macro-to-micro gap better than any I’ve seen on this topic." – Alexander W. Wiseman, Professor of Educational Psychology & Leadership, Texas Tech University, USA"The editors and contributors of this penetrating volume fill a hole in the comparative higher education literature. Readers will appreciate the attention to the worldwide pipeline, to intersectionality, and to policy approaches that may effect greater gender equity in STEM at a global level." -- David M. Post, Professor of Education at Pennsylvania State University and Past-President of Comparative and International Education Society, USA"A talented group of emerging scholars have spearheaded a timely contribution to STEM higher education on six continents. It will, undoubtedly, make significant contributions to factors affecting linkages among gender and university enrollments and degree completions. This anthology impressively discusses topics – culture, demographics, geography, and statistics – as variables, contributing to enhanced comprehension of STEM and its impact on higher education among different types of university structures." --Beverly Lindsay, Co-Director and Principal Investigator of Ford Foundation Grant, University of California, USA"Gender Equity in STEM provides a balance and much needed examination of gender and STEM at the global level, and, across ten countries. The balance of statistical analyses of patterns over time, and deeper qualitative examinations of specific dynamics offers readers a nuanced understanding of gender and STEM beyond assumptions about lack of preparation for girls, gender stereotyping, and chilly climates within STEM fields. It is an important book for moving our thinking beyond equality toward understanding and action for equity. The collection of case studies, both quantitative and qualitative, contextualize how gender in STEM fields plays out and what inhibits or enables equitable practices and outcomes."--Karen Monkman, Professor Emerita of Education Policy, DePaul University, USA"Science is the hope of the world yet most of the world is excluded from it. Gender is as a barrier everywhere and more so for those emerging women scientists that must contend with English as a second language, patchy infrastructure and opportunities and the brutal embedded heritage of racism that permeates many post-colonial settings. In this important and timely volume Hyun Kyoung Ro, Frank Fernandez and Elizabeth Ramon help us to respect what has been achieved and also remind us how far there is to go."--Simon Marginson, Professor of Higher Education, University of Oxford, UK, and Joint Editor in Chief of Higher Education

• Chapter 1: Introduction: Gender Equity in STEM in Higher Education: International Perspectives on Policy, Institutional Culture, and Individual ChoiceHyun Kyoung Ro, Elizabeth J. Ramon, and Frank FernandezPART I: Demographic Trends and National InitiativesChapter 2: A Cross-National Analysis of Women Graduates with Tertiary Degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math, 1998-2018: Commonalities and VariationsSeungah S. Lee, Christine Min Wotipka, and Francisco O. RamirezChapter 3: The Rise of Women in STEM Higher Education in China: Achievements and ChallengesLiu Lingyu, Shen Wenqin, and Li ChaoChapter 4: The Higher Education Trajectories of Taiwanese Women in STEM: A Longitudinal AnalysisYuan Chih Fu, Amelio Salvador Quetzal, and Yuehluen HuChapter 5: STEM Bachelor’s Degree Attainment among Women of Color in the United States: Using Geographic Analysis for Gender and Racial Equity ResearchHyun Kyoung Ro, Yi Meng, and Qiong ZhuChapter 6: A Comprehensive Approach to Addressing Gender Equity in STEM Subjects at Four-Year Universities in EnglandHyun Kyoung Ro, Frank Fernandez, and Benjamin AlcottPART II: Women’s Choice and University ContextsChapter 7: Women in STEM in Chilean Higher Education: Social Movements and Institutional TransformationsJeongeun Kim and Sergio CelisChapter 8: Examining Gender (In)Equality in German Engineering: Considering the Importance of Interest, Perceptions, and ChoiceJennifer Dusdal and Frank FernandezChapter 9: Gender Equity in STEM Higher Education in KazakhstanAnna CohenMiller, Aray Saniyazova, Anara Sandygulova, and Zhanna IzekenovaChapter 10: Black African Women in Engineering Higher Education in South Africa: Contending with History, Race and GenderYeukai Angela MlamboChapter 11: Approaches for Attracting, Retaining, and Progressing Women in Australian Undergraduate Engineering: Curricular Innovation Focused on Humanitarian and Human-Centered Design ConceptsAndrea M. Goncher and Shara CameronChapter 12: Aspiring and Becoming STEM Teachers in Hong Kong: A Gender PerspectiveHei-hang Hayes Tang, Derek Wai Sun Chun, Iris Chi Yan Leung, and Thomas Siu Ho YauChapter 13: Conclusion: Unique but Transferable Approaches for Pursuing Gender Equity in STEM in Higher Education across the WorldHyun Kyoung Ro, Elizabeth J. Ramon, and Frank Fernandez