Alice Donald is Associate Professor of Human Rights Law, School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK.Joelle Grogan is Senior Lecturer in Law, School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK, and Research Fellow, CEU Democracy Institute, Budapest, Hungary.

"This book provides an exceptional comparative account of how institutions of constitutional democracies can either act as bulwarks or be threatened in emergency times. The COVID-19 pandemic will leave an enduring mark on the world’s constitutional history and this volume provides intriguing critical readings of the facts and governmental responses related to it."Judge Luís Roberto Barroso, Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil"This excellent collection of essays both addresses and transcends the legal issues raised by responses to the pandemic, both within particular countries and globally. The health care crisis pushed other concerns to the margins of our political radar and the legal mechanisms adopted have not received the attention that trends in response to 9/11 did. Since the pandemic affected the exercise of political and legal power in ways that may have long term consequences for democracy, populism, authoritarianism and the role of scientific knowledge in our policy decisions, this book is an invaluable interdisciplinary resource."David Dyzenhaus, University Professor of Law and Philosophy and Albert Abel Chair, University of Toronto "Grogan and Donald’s edited volume makes a spectacular contribution to ongoing discussions regarding COVID-19 and the law. Contributions from leading thinkers provide fresh theoretical insights and empirical observations regarding the pandemic’s impacts on who exercises power and how, which should be read by everyone concerned with the rule of law in a post-COVID-19 future."Alicia Ely Yamin, Senior Fellow on Global Health and Rights, Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology and Bioethics, Harvard Law School

• PART I: Governance and Democracy 1 The Pandemic and the Future of Global Democracy 2 COVID-19 Vaccines and Global Governance: How Structural Factors Dictate Procurement and Vitiate Patient Autonomy 3 Accountability through Dialogue: New Zealand’s Experience during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic 4 China and COVID-19: An Archetypal Legal and Governmental Response to an Exceptional Challenge 5 (Un)Governing: The COVID-19 Response in the UK 6 COVID-19, the United States and Evidence-Based Politics 7 Democracy in the Time of COVID-19: Pandemic Management, Public Trust and Democratic Consolidation in Singapore PART II: Human Rights 8 Human Rights – the Essential Frame of Reference in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic 9 Assessing Human Rights Compliance during COVID-19 10 Going Beyond the Rhetoric: Taking Human Rights Seriously in the Post-COVID-19 World 11 Finland’s Success in Combatting COVID-19: Mastery, Miracle or Mirage? 12 A Crisis of Rights and Democracy in India 13 Dealing with the Pandemic and Social Unrest: A Stress Test for Colombian Institutions 14 Thailand’s Response to COVID-19: Human Rights in Decline and More Social Turbulence 15 Political Opportunism and Pandemic Mismanagement in Kenya PART III: The Rule of Law 16 The Rule of Law as the Perimeter of Legitimacy for COVID-19 Responses 17 Baselining COVID-19: How Do We Assess the Success or Failure of the Responses of Governments to the Pandemic? 18 Brazil: COVID-19, Illiberal Politics and the Rule of Law 19 Dealing with COVID-19 in Sweden: Choosing a Different Path 20 Turkey: Pandemic Governance and Executive Aggrandisement 21 The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pretext for Expanding Power in Hungary 22 The Politicisation of Health and Threats to the Rule of Law in Pakistan Part IV: Science, Public Trust and Decision-Making 23 A Stress Test for Politics: A Comparative Perspective on Policy Responses to COVID-19 24 Open Science, Data Sharing and Pandemic Preparedness 25 Taiwan’s Effective Pandemic Control with Dialogic Constitutionalism 26 Public Health, Technology and Social Context in Rwanda’s COVID-19 Response 27 Germany and COVID-19: Expertise and Public Political Deliberation 28 The Rationality of South Africa’s State of Disaster During COVID-19 29 Iran’s COVID-19 Response: Who Calls the Shots? Part V States of Emergency and Exception 30 Responding to COVID-19 with States of Emergency: Reflections and Recommendations for Future Health Crises 31 COVID-19 and Emergency Powers in Western European Democracies: Trends and Issues 32 Exposing Inequalities: The Experience of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples During COVID-19 Emergencies 33 When Emergency Is Permanent: Egypt’s Legal Response to COVID-19 34 The COVID-19 Emergency: Malaysia’s Fragile Constitutional Democracy 35 The French Management of COVID-19: Normalisation of Regimes of Exception and Degradation of the Rule of Law 36 The Philippines under Lockdown: Continuing Executive Dominance and an Unclear Pandemic Response 37 All Bets on the Executive(s)! The Australian Response to COVID-19 BEYOND THE PANDEMIC 38 Lessons for a ‘Post-Pandemic’ Future Index

Alice Donald is Associate Professor of Human Rights Law, School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK.Joelle Grogan is Senior Lecturer in Law, School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK, and Research Fellow, CEU Democracy Institute, Budapest, Hungary.

"This book provides an exceptional comparative account of how institutions of constitutional democracies can either act as bulwarks or be threatened in emergency times. The COVID-19 pandemic will leave an enduring mark on the world’s constitutional history and this volume provides intriguing critical readings of the facts and governmental responses related to it."Judge Luís Roberto Barroso, Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil"This excellent collection of essays both addresses and transcends the legal issues raised by responses to the pandemic, both within particular countries and globally. The health care crisis pushed other concerns to the margins of our political radar and the legal mechanisms adopted have not received the attention that trends in response to 9/11 did. Since the pandemic affected the exercise of political and legal power in ways that may have long term consequences for democracy, populism, authoritarianism and the role of scientific knowledge in our policy decisions, this book is an invaluable interdisciplinary resource."David Dyzenhaus, University Professor of Law and Philosophy and Albert Abel Chair, University of Toronto "Grogan and Donald’s edited volume makes a spectacular contribution to ongoing discussions regarding COVID-19 and the law. Contributions from leading thinkers provide fresh theoretical insights and empirical observations regarding the pandemic’s impacts on who exercises power and how, which should be read by everyone concerned with the rule of law in a post-COVID-19 future."Alicia Ely Yamin, Senior Fellow on Global Health and Rights, Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology and Bioethics, Harvard Law School

• PART I: Governance and Democracy 1 The Pandemic and the Future of Global Democracy 2 COVID-19 Vaccines and Global Governance: How Structural Factors Dictate Procurement and Vitiate Patient Autonomy 3 Accountability through Dialogue: New Zealand’s Experience during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic 4 China and COVID-19: An Archetypal Legal and Governmental Response to an Exceptional Challenge 5 (Un)Governing: The COVID-19 Response in the UK 6 COVID-19, the United States and Evidence-Based Politics 7 Democracy in the Time of COVID-19: Pandemic Management, Public Trust and Democratic Consolidation in Singapore PART II: Human Rights 8 Human Rights – the Essential Frame of Reference in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic 9 Assessing Human Rights Compliance during COVID-19 10 Going Beyond the Rhetoric: Taking Human Rights Seriously in the Post-COVID-19 World 11 Finland’s Success in Combatting COVID-19: Mastery, Miracle or Mirage? 12 A Crisis of Rights and Democracy in India 13 Dealing with the Pandemic and Social Unrest: A Stress Test for Colombian Institutions 14 Thailand’s Response to COVID-19: Human Rights in Decline and More Social Turbulence 15 Political Opportunism and Pandemic Mismanagement in Kenya PART III: The Rule of Law 16 The Rule of Law as the Perimeter of Legitimacy for COVID-19 Responses 17 Baselining COVID-19: How Do We Assess the Success or Failure of the Responses of Governments to the Pandemic? 18 Brazil: COVID-19, Illiberal Politics and the Rule of Law 19 Dealing with COVID-19 in Sweden: Choosing a Different Path 20 Turkey: Pandemic Governance and Executive Aggrandisement 21 The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pretext for Expanding Power in Hungary 22 The Politicisation of Health and Threats to the Rule of Law in Pakistan Part IV: Science, Public Trust and Decision-Making 23 A Stress Test for Politics: A Comparative Perspective on Policy Responses to COVID-19 24 Open Science, Data Sharing and Pandemic Preparedness 25 Taiwan’s Effective Pandemic Control with Dialogic Constitutionalism 26 Public Health, Technology and Social Context in Rwanda’s COVID-19 Response 27 Germany and COVID-19: Expertise and Public Political Deliberation 28 The Rationality of South Africa’s State of Disaster During COVID-19 29 Iran’s COVID-19 Response: Who Calls the Shots? Part V States of Emergency and Exception 30 Responding to COVID-19 with States of Emergency: Reflections and Recommendations for Future Health Crises 31 COVID-19 and Emergency Powers in Western European Democracies: Trends and Issues 32 Exposing Inequalities: The Experience of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples During COVID-19 Emergencies 33 When Emergency Is Permanent: Egypt’s Legal Response to COVID-19 34 The COVID-19 Emergency: Malaysia’s Fragile Constitutional Democracy 35 The French Management of COVID-19: Normalisation of Regimes of Exception and Degradation of the Rule of Law 36 The Philippines under Lockdown: Continuing Executive Dominance and an Unclear Pandemic Response 37 All Bets on the Executive(s)! The Australian Response to COVID-19 BEYOND THE PANDEMIC 38 Lessons for a ‘Post-Pandemic’ Future Index

Alice Donald is Associate Professor of Human Rights Law, School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK.Joelle Grogan is Senior Lecturer in Law, School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK, and Research Fellow, CEU Democracy Institute, Budapest, Hungary.

"This book provides an exceptional comparative account of how institutions of constitutional democracies can either act as bulwarks or be threatened in emergency times. The COVID-19 pandemic will leave an enduring mark on the world’s constitutional history and this volume provides intriguing critical readings of the facts and governmental responses related to it."Judge Luís Roberto Barroso, Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil"This excellent collection of essays both addresses and transcends the legal issues raised by responses to the pandemic, both within particular countries and globally. The health care crisis pushed other concerns to the margins of our political radar and the legal mechanisms adopted have not received the attention that trends in response to 9/11 did. Since the pandemic affected the exercise of political and legal power in ways that may have long term consequences for democracy, populism, authoritarianism and the role of scientific knowledge in our policy decisions, this book is an invaluable interdisciplinary resource."David Dyzenhaus, University Professor of Law and Philosophy and Albert Abel Chair, University of Toronto "Grogan and Donald’s edited volume makes a spectacular contribution to ongoing discussions regarding COVID-19 and the law. Contributions from leading thinkers provide fresh theoretical insights and empirical observations regarding the pandemic’s impacts on who exercises power and how, which should be read by everyone concerned with the rule of law in a post-COVID-19 future."Alicia Ely Yamin, Senior Fellow on Global Health and Rights, Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology and Bioethics, Harvard Law School

• PART I: Governance and Democracy 1 The Pandemic and the Future of Global Democracy 2 COVID-19 Vaccines and Global Governance: How Structural Factors Dictate Procurement and Vitiate Patient Autonomy 3 Accountability through Dialogue: New Zealand’s Experience during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic 4 China and COVID-19: An Archetypal Legal and Governmental Response to an Exceptional Challenge 5 (Un)Governing: The COVID-19 Response in the UK 6 COVID-19, the United States and Evidence-Based Politics 7 Democracy in the Time of COVID-19: Pandemic Management, Public Trust and Democratic Consolidation in Singapore PART II: Human Rights 8 Human Rights – the Essential Frame of Reference in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic 9 Assessing Human Rights Compliance during COVID-19 10 Going Beyond the Rhetoric: Taking Human Rights Seriously in the Post-COVID-19 World 11 Finland’s Success in Combatting COVID-19: Mastery, Miracle or Mirage? 12 A Crisis of Rights and Democracy in India 13 Dealing with the Pandemic and Social Unrest: A Stress Test for Colombian Institutions 14 Thailand’s Response to COVID-19: Human Rights in Decline and More Social Turbulence 15 Political Opportunism and Pandemic Mismanagement in Kenya PART III: The Rule of Law 16 The Rule of Law as the Perimeter of Legitimacy for COVID-19 Responses 17 Baselining COVID-19: How Do We Assess the Success or Failure of the Responses of Governments to the Pandemic? 18 Brazil: COVID-19, Illiberal Politics and the Rule of Law 19 Dealing with COVID-19 in Sweden: Choosing a Different Path 20 Turkey: Pandemic Governance and Executive Aggrandisement 21 The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pretext for Expanding Power in Hungary 22 The Politicisation of Health and Threats to the Rule of Law in Pakistan Part IV: Science, Public Trust and Decision-Making 23 A Stress Test for Politics: A Comparative Perspective on Policy Responses to COVID-19 24 Open Science, Data Sharing and Pandemic Preparedness 25 Taiwan’s Effective Pandemic Control with Dialogic Constitutionalism 26 Public Health, Technology and Social Context in Rwanda’s COVID-19 Response 27 Germany and COVID-19: Expertise and Public Political Deliberation 28 The Rationality of South Africa’s State of Disaster During COVID-19 29 Iran’s COVID-19 Response: Who Calls the Shots? Part V States of Emergency and Exception 30 Responding to COVID-19 with States of Emergency: Reflections and Recommendations for Future Health Crises 31 COVID-19 and Emergency Powers in Western European Democracies: Trends and Issues 32 Exposing Inequalities: The Experience of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples During COVID-19 Emergencies 33 When Emergency Is Permanent: Egypt’s Legal Response to COVID-19 34 The COVID-19 Emergency: Malaysia’s Fragile Constitutional Democracy 35 The French Management of COVID-19: Normalisation of Regimes of Exception and Degradation of the Rule of Law 36 The Philippines under Lockdown: Continuing Executive Dominance and an Unclear Pandemic Response 37 All Bets on the Executive(s)! The Australian Response to COVID-19 BEYOND THE PANDEMIC 38 Lessons for a ‘Post-Pandemic’ Future Index