Negotiating Resilience with Hard and Soft City

Binti Singh is an urban sociologist and holds a PhD (in urban studies) and an MPhil (in planning and development) from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Bombay), Mumbai, India. She is currently Dean (Research and Academic Development) at KRVIA, Mumbai, India. She is engaged in diverse international research programmes with universities like the Cambridge Centre for Smart Infrastructure and Construction, University of Cambridge, UK. She also supervises Masters’ and PhD students in various international universities including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and University of Virginia, USA. On 12 January 2023, she received an award from the Governor of Maharashtra, India, for her contribution to academic research in cultural sustainability.Tania Berger is a trained architect and holds a PhD in construction and building sciences, incorporating a strong focus on social science. She heads the cluster Social sPACe based research in built Environment (SPACE) at the Department for Building and Environment at Danube University Krems, Austria, which works on issues of integration in housing on a national level and global urbanisation processes and precarious housing in an international context. She coordinates Erasmus projects in the field of “Capacity Building in Higher Education” with a focus on informal settlements in India and Ethiopia.Manoj Parmar is currently Director at KRVIA, Mumbai, India. He holds a bachelor’s in architecture from the L.S. Raheja School of Architecture, Mumbai, India, and an M.Arch from the University of Miami, Florida, USA. He has been teaching at KRVIA, Mumbai, since 1992. His academic interests include theoretical writings on architecture and urbanism. He has also been in private practice of architecture and urban design since 1992. In a career spanning more than 30 years, he has worked on numerous private and public housing/institutional commissions across India and has been actively involved in redevelopment projects across the city of Mumbai. He received an award from the Governor of Maharashtra, India, for his contribution to academic research in cultural sustainability on the 12th of January 2023.

"The expert-driven knowledge systems that have been dominating urban design and planning are increasingly falling short of providing sustainable solutions to the crises posed by climate change. The book Negotiating Resilience with Hard and Soft City captures the nerves of people’s knowledge that guides judgements and actions to cope with uncertainties in their everyday city lives. The book challenges the notion of a singular knowledge system in an urban ecosystem and staunchly advocates for the recognition of multiple micro-knowledge systems that cohabit and shape the city."Dr Rajesh Tandon, Founder President, PRIADr Kaustuv Kanti Bandyopadhyay, Director, PRIA"Negotiating Resilience with Hard and Soft City is cutting edge and is of high value for everyone who wants to gain more insight of some of the key frontiers of contemporary cities. Such a demarcation line is the book’s underlying proposition that we urgently need a better understanding of the ‘survival’ strategies of the most marginalised and poor to tackle our vast planetary challenges. In this vein the authors focus on the livelihoods and experiences of displacement of migrants and informal settlement dwellers from the global north and global south and expand urban concepts such as resilience, vulnerability, urban justice, and the ‘people as infrastructure’. The result is a timely, relevant and inspiring anthology."Peter Gotsch, Professor in Sustainable Urban Development, Norwegian University of Science and Technology"The book Negotiating Resilience with Hard and Soft City is a timely contribution to understanding why intangible aspects of city life, such as civil society activities and a sense of community, are as relevant as the ‘hard infrastructure’. The editors and authors of the book have extensive knowledge of how this duality affects the life of urban dwellers in the Global North and South. The book is a source of critical reflection for scholars and students of Urban Planning, Urban Geography, Urban Studies and disciplines engaged with understanding the problems of contemporary cities. It will also inform those questioning current narratives around the resilience concept, its complexity and challenges. To that knowledge, the book draws on several case studies and focuses on urban residents and the micro level, those spaces that shape the city. The different contributions show how the ‘hard city’ conditions the livelihood of urban dwellers, the ‘soft city’, and how people, in turn, cope with those imposed challenges."Javier Martinez, Associate Professor – Coordinator of the Urban Planning and Management Specialization, Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management, University of Twente

• List of figuresList of contributorsForeword: Adapt or DieAcknowledgements1 Negotiating Resilience with Hard and Soft City PART I: City and Its Vulnerabilities 2 Ethnically Diverse Neighborhoods and the New Meaning of “Community” in the Global North 3 Resilient Tactics and Everyday Lives in the Textile Mill Areas of Mumbai 4 Informal Housing of Migrants in Italy 5 Cities, Housing Exclusion, and Homelessness from a European Perspective 6 Just and Healthy Cities in Times of Global Threats: Perspectives from the Global North The Case of Settling Deonar Dump Yard Site, Mumbai Environmental Injustice: Air Pollution and Data Inequity in Kibera, Nairobi PART II: Relocation, Resettlement, and Resilience 7 Resilience at the City Margins—Roma Settlements in Bulgaria 8 Tolerance to Heat as a Coping Strategy of Low-Income Households in India and Austria 9 Home-Based Income Generation in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 10 “Nothing Is to Be Gained by Involving Them”: Exploring Residents’ Lived Experiences of Resettlement in a Medium-Sized City in India 11 The Vertical versus Horizontal City: Why Vertical Resettlement (Mostly) Does Not Work for the Urban Poor 12 Conclusion: Towards Just Resilience