Gulnar T. Kendirbai is Adjunct Assistant Professor of History at Columbia University, USA.

This book examines the Russian Empire’s relationship with the nomadic Kalmyk and Qazaq (Kazakh) peoples of the steppe, from the expansion of the Russian frontier into these lands in the 16th century until the eve of the Russian conquest of much of Central Asia in the mid-19th century. [...] The treatment is heavy on detail, but that detail makes this book a useful reference. Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students and faculty. M. A. Soderstrom, Aurora University, USA. CHOICE May 2021 Vol. 58 No. 9.

• Introduction Part One: The Russian Institution of Protectorate 1. Patterns of Power and Authority 2. The Russian Politics of Ulus Part Two: Kalmyk-Russian Protectorate Relations 3. Uneasy Encounters 4. From Patronage to Protection (Protektsiia) Part Three: Placing the Qazaqs Under Russia’s Protection 5. The Qazaq Junior Horde and Russia 6. The New Jungar Offensive and Its Impact 7. From Protection to Confirmation (Konfirmatsiia) Part Four: Between Russia and the Qing 8. After the Fall of the Jungars 9. The Qazaq Oath Taking Ceremony Part Five: Staying on the Imperial Fringe 10. The Establishment of the Bokei Horde 11. The Politics of Qazaq Deputations Conclusion

Gulnar T. Kendirbai is Adjunct Assistant Professor of History at Columbia University, USA.

This book examines the Russian Empire’s relationship with the nomadic Kalmyk and Qazaq (Kazakh) peoples of the steppe, from the expansion of the Russian frontier into these lands in the 16th century until the eve of the Russian conquest of much of Central Asia in the mid-19th century. [...] The treatment is heavy on detail, but that detail makes this book a useful reference. Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students and faculty. M. A. Soderstrom, Aurora University, USA. CHOICE May 2021 Vol. 58 No. 9.

• Introduction Part One: The Russian Institution of Protectorate 1. Patterns of Power and Authority 2. The Russian Politics of Ulus Part Two: Kalmyk-Russian Protectorate Relations 3. Uneasy Encounters 4. From Patronage to Protection (Protektsiia) Part Three: Placing the Qazaqs Under Russia’s Protection 5. The Qazaq Junior Horde and Russia 6. The New Jungar Offensive and Its Impact 7. From Protection to Confirmation (Konfirmatsiia) Part Four: Between Russia and the Qing 8. After the Fall of the Jungars 9. The Qazaq Oath Taking Ceremony Part Five: Staying on the Imperial Fringe 10. The Establishment of the Bokei Horde 11. The Politics of Qazaq Deputations Conclusion

Gulnar T. Kendirbai is Adjunct Assistant Professor of History at Columbia University, USA.

This book examines the Russian Empire’s relationship with the nomadic Kalmyk and Qazaq (Kazakh) peoples of the steppe, from the expansion of the Russian frontier into these lands in the 16th century until the eve of the Russian conquest of much of Central Asia in the mid-19th century. [...] The treatment is heavy on detail, but that detail makes this book a useful reference. Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students and faculty. M. A. Soderstrom, Aurora University, USA. CHOICE May 2021 Vol. 58 No. 9.

• Introduction Part One: The Russian Institution of Protectorate 1. Patterns of Power and Authority 2. The Russian Politics of Ulus Part Two: Kalmyk-Russian Protectorate Relations 3. Uneasy Encounters 4. From Patronage to Protection (Protektsiia) Part Three: Placing the Qazaqs Under Russia’s Protection 5. The Qazaq Junior Horde and Russia 6. The New Jungar Offensive and Its Impact 7. From Protection to Confirmation (Konfirmatsiia) Part Four: Between Russia and the Qing 8. After the Fall of the Jungars 9. The Qazaq Oath Taking Ceremony Part Five: Staying on the Imperial Fringe 10. The Establishment of the Bokei Horde 11. The Politics of Qazaq Deputations Conclusion