Policing during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sanja Kutnjak Ivković is Professor at the School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, USA. She is the Co-Editor of Policing: An International Journal. She is past Chair of the Division of International Criminology, American Society of Criminology, and past Chair of the International Division, Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. Her co-authored and co-edited books on policing include: Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges, Police Code of Silence in the Times of Change, Police Integrity in South Africa, Exploring Police Integrity, Police Integrity across the World, Enhancing Police Integrity, Fallen Blue Knights, and The Contours of Police Integrity.Marijana Kotlaja is Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA. She is involved in evaluation research projects with many organizations, specifically focused on crime and place, and juvenile delinquency. She has led multiple international data collection efforts and has extensive knowledge of advanced quantitative methodology, including structural equation modeling, Bayesian analysis, and hierarchical linear models. She is the Secretary/Treasurer of the Division of International Criminology (American Society of Criminology), as well as the Editor of Around the Globe for the Criminologist.Jon Maskály is Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of North Dakota, USA. He won (with co-authors) the 2016 William L. Simon Outstanding Paper award from the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. His primary research interests revolve around issues in policing, notably police–community relations, police integrity, and police accountability. He has worked as a subject matter expert in several police reform projects around the nation. He has secured multiple contracts with police organizations to enhance their ability to make data-driven decisions.Peter Neyroud is Associate Professor in Evidence-Based Policing in the Jerry Lee Centre for Experimental Criminology, University of Cambridge, UK. He is the General Editor of the Oxford Journal Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice. He set up and ran the UK National Policing Improvement Agency. He was commissioned by the UK Home Secretary to carry out a fundamental “Review of Police Leadership and Training,” which led to the establishment of the National “College of Policing.” He is the Co-Chair of the Campbell Collaboration Crime and Justice Coordinating Group.

Policing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Perspective provides an in-depth look at how police organizations across the globe adapted policies and practices during a time of unprecedented change in their work environment. This collection of chapters explores a wide range of topics including the impact of COVID-19 on police calls for service, domestic violence services, cybercrime units, and proactive/reactive police practices. It includes several interesting studies focused on how COVID-19 influenced officers’ stress levels and job satisfaction, as well as the extent to which police officers followed masking requirements and enforced COVID-19 rules during the pandemic. This book would be perfect for both undergraduate and graduate level courses featuring discussions on organizational and administrative issues in policing and would also be of interest to police practitioners who worked through the COVID-19 pandemic.Professor Carol A. Archbold – Department of Criminal Justice, North Dakota State University, USA. Chair, American Society of Criminology - Division of PolicingHistory occasionally provides seismic events that change the focus, operation and organization of police agencies world-wide. The COVID-19 epidemic was one such event. The editors of this book have collected a fascinating set of empirical studies. Organized into four sections, the studies deal with a variety of topics and employ various methodologies (e.g., surveys, interviews, archival records) to capture these effects. Many are comparative (sampling up to nine nations) and some are nation-specific. In sum, the book is a must-read for scholars interested in how a global threat impacts the policies and operations of diverse police agencies trying to protect their forces and communities.Emeritus Professor Richard R. Bennett – Department of Justice, Law and Criminology, American University, USAThe COVID-19 pandemic presented extraordinary challenges for police across the world. The need to control the movement of enormous numbers of people, enforce complex laws, and also manage recurring protests, stretched police resources and adaptability like few other emergencies. The differing responses provide numerous lessons for understanding modern policing and for planning effective responses to future crises. With this in mind, Policing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Perspective provides invaluable insights from a highly diverse and outstanding group of researchers. The book covers an impressive range of locations and topics, with a key focus on how to balance the role of police in preventing harms to the public while also supporting civil liberties. The book is strongly recommended to anyone interested in police emergency management and methods to optimize relations between police and the public in times of crisis.Professor Tim Prenzler – School of Law and Society, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia

• Introduction1. Policing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges, Adaptations, and ConsequencesSanja Kutnjak Ivković, Marijana Kotlaja, Jon Maskály, and Peter NeyroudPart 1. The COVID-19 Pandemic, Governmental Response, and the Police2. Integrating Three Prongs of Social Control: China’s Pandemic ResponseKai Lin, Yuning Wu, and Ivan Sun3. New Means of Surveillance in the Fight against the Pandemic in Slovakia: Population-Wide Testing and Its CostsMartin Kovanič4. Pandemic Policing: The Medicalization and Criminalization of the COVID-19 CrisisAlexandra Campbell5. Institutional Isomorphism as a Lens: Understanding the Effects of the Pandemic on Law Enforcement Policies and PracticesArif Akgul, Avdi S. Avdija, Christian W. Gallagher, Robert Girod, and Kimbra PinnellPart 2. Police Operational and Organizational Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic6. Did the Covid-19 Pandemic Lockdown of 2020 Affect Calls for Service to the Police in Dallas?Olga Semukhina and Steve Romero7. Domestic Violence Formal Services Use in Chicago Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: Examining Outreach and Arrest OutcomesShannon Harper, Angela Gover, and Qing Li8. Shifts in Variants: How did the First English Lockdown Impact Reports, Responses, and Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence?Lucy Trafford9. Blinded by the Night: An Examination of the Veil-of-Darkness within Traffic Enforcement Before and During the COVID-19 PandemicAnthony G. Vito and Vanessa Woodward Griffin10. Exploring the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cybercrime Units in the United StatesChris Moloney and N. Prabha Unnithan11. Exploring Perceptions about the Changes in Reactive and Proactive Police Practices during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and SloveniaMarijana Kotlaja, Yang Vincent Liu, Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Jon Maskály, Irena Cajner Mraović, Sandra Kobajica, Branko Lobnikar, Krunoslav Borovec, Kaja Prislan Mihelič, and Peter NeyroudPart 3. Adherence to and Enforcement of the COVID-19 Rules and Regulations12. Citizen Support for Expanded COVID-19 Police Powers: The Case of St. Petersburg, RussiaAnna Gurinskaya and Mahesh K. Nalla13. Police Enforcement of COVID-19 Rules in China and South Korea Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Yang Vincent Liu, Marijana Kotlaja, Yuning Wu, Youngje Nam, Ivan Sun, Wook Kang, Jon Maskály, and Peter Neyroud14. Masking Up for the Benefit of Others: Exploring the Link between Individualistic/Collectivistic Cultural Values and Police Officer Propensity to Obey COVID-19 Rules Off-DutyMarijana Kotlaja, Yang Vincent Liu, Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Jon Maskály, Alrien Francisco Dausan, John Roch, Ivan Sun, Leandro Ayres Franca, Irena Cajner Mraović, Branko Lobnikar, Sandra Kobajica, Christina Helena Komonski Guterres, Yuning Wu, Kaja Prislan Mihelič, Krunoslav Borovec, Peter Neyroud, and Adri Sauerman15. COVID-19 Lockdown and Police Misconduct: A Match Made in South AfricaEva Ott Hill, Kelly Rayner, Adri Sauerman, Emily A. Hernandez, Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, and Jon MaskályPart 4. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic16. A Comparative Study of Police Stress during the COVID-19 PandemicYang Vincent Liu, Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Marijana Kotlaja, Peter Neyroud, Krunoslav Borovec, Yuning Wu, Irena Cajner Mraović, Ivan Sun, John Roch, Branko Lobnikar, Jon Maskály, Leandro Ayres Franca, Sandra Kobajica, Adri Sauerman, Alrien Francisco Dausan, Kaja Prislan Mihelič, and Cristina Helena Komonski Guterres17. Stressors and Police Self-Legitimacy: The Case of SwitzerlandSilvia Staubli18. COVID-19 Induced Stress and Job Attitudes: Perceptions of Police Officers in IndiaMahesh K Nalla, Anna Gurinskaya, and Hanif Qureshi19. Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Make the Police Work More Difficult?Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Marijana Kotlaja, Yang Vincent Liu, Ivan Sun, Irena Cajner Mraović, Peter Neyroud, Yuning Wu, Krunoslav Borovec, Kaja Prislan Mihelič, Alrien Francisco Dausan, Sandra Kobajica, Jon Maskály, and Branko Lobnikar20. COVID-19 and Trust in the PoliceSean Perry, Catherine Stevens, Joselyne L. Chenane, and Amber Horning-Ruf