Dorota Moroń is a political scientist and sociologist, professor at the Institute of Political Science, University of Wrocław, Poland. The main areas of her scientific interest include social policy, particularly investment and innovative social policy, social work and analysis of the role of the state, the social economy sector, and NGOs. She is the deputy director for teaching, member of the Polish Society for Social Policy, author and co-author of multiple books, chapters, and journal articles.Małgorzata Madej is a political scientist, PhD at the Institute of Political Science, University of Wrocław, Poland. The main areas of her scientific interest include citizen participation in elections and decision-making processes, especially at the local level, as well as participatory tools in local and sublocal self-government in Poland, and social movements. She is the author and co-author of three books, multiple chapters, and journal articles. She is also the editor-in-chief of the Polish Political Science Review.Judit Csoba is a professor of sociology and social policy and course director of Social Policy Education at the Faculty of Arts, University of Debrecen, Hungary. Her research focuses on sociology of work, social policy, employment policy, and social economy. She is the author or co-author of eight books, several book chapters, and journal articles. She is a member of the editorial board of three professional journals (soci .h u, Esély, Metszetek) and the editor-in-chief of the European Social Work Education and Practice book series published by Springer.

• List of figures vii List of tables viii List of contributors ix Preface xii Acknowledgements xiv Humanitarian aid or empowerment? Policy towards support of refugees from Ukraine: Introduction 1 MAŁGORZATA MADEJ , DOROTA MOROŃ , AND JUDIT CSOBA 1 Visegrad Group countries towards migration 13 MAGDALENA RATAJCZAK AND MARTA RYNIEJSKA-KIEŁDANOWICZ 2 Refugees from Ukraine in the countries of the Visegrad Group 30 MAŁGORZATA MADEJ 3 Legalisation of the Ukrainian refugees’ stay 44 DOROTA MOROŃ 4 Organising support for refugees from Ukraine: The role of the state, local governments, and civil society 62 ALŽBETA BROZMANOVÁ GREGOROVÁ AND FILIP BAMBÚCH 5 The first step: Organising support at the location of refugees’ temporary stay 78 PAVEL HULEC 6 Assistance with housing 93 JUDIT CSOBA, ANDREA DIEBEL, AND LUCA SZÖŐR-FÜLÖP 7 Teaching local languages to foreigners 111 NATALIYA-MARIYA MOCHERNAK 8 Inclusion of children and youth in the national education system 128 MARLENA PIOTROWSKA 9 Integration instead of ghettoisation: Integrating refugees with the local communities 145 ALŽBETA BROZMANOVÁ GREGOROVÁ AND JANA ŠOLCOVÁ 10 Ukrainian refugees on the labour market 162 JUDIT CSOBA, ANDREA DIEBEL, AND KATALIN ÁBRAHÁM 11 Business sector for Ukrainians: A form of support or profit-seeking? 182 AGNIESZKA MAKAREWICZ Conclusions: Lessons learned and recommendations on the basis of the best practices in supporting Ukrainian refugees in the Visegrad Group countries 200 JUDIT CSOBA, MAŁGORZATA MADEJ, AND DOROTA MOROŃ Index 207