Geoffrey Schneider is the Charles P. Vaughan Chair and Presidential Professor of Economics at Bucknell University, USA. He directs the International Confederation of Associations for Pluralism in Economics (www.ICAPE.org) and he has published numerous books and articles from a pluralist perspective.

• PART I Pluralist economics and early systems: An introduction 1. What is economics? The answer depends on who you ask 2. The evolution of pre-capitalist economic systems: From communalism to empires, feudalism, and mercantilism in Europe 3. The different paths taken by Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and the Americas: The evolution of non-European economic systems PART II The evolution of economic systems and ideas 4. Adam Smith and the rise of capitalism: The era of laissez-faire 5. Karl Marx and the dark ages of capitalism: Historical materialism, surplus value, and the exploitation of labor 6. Thorstein Veblen and monopoly capitalism: The rise of manufacturing and the fall of laissez-faire 7. Keynes and mixed market capitalism: How to save capitalism from itself 8. Modern economic systems: Market-dominated, social market, and state-dominated economies PART III Culture, government, and markets 9. Culture, values, and public goods: How culture shapes the provision of public goods, health care, and education 10. Inequality, a key modern issue: Class, race, gender, and distribution 11. The economics of the environment and climate change: The different approaches of developed countries PART IV Macroeconomic issues and problems 12. Macroeconomic well-being and policy: Measuring and achieving goals for the macroeconomy 13. Economic growth: The forces that stimulate economic development 14. Trade, globalization, and modern economic systems: Unregulated trade and integration versus protectionism and separation 15. Conclusion: Whither economic systems? On the evolution of economic systems in the modern era Glossary of key terms and concepts

Geoffrey Schneider is the Charles P. Vaughan Chair and Presidential Professor of Economics at Bucknell University, USA. He directs the International Confederation of Associations for Pluralism in Economics (www.ICAPE.org) and he has published numerous books and articles from a pluralist perspective.

• PART I Pluralist economics and early systems: An introduction 1. What is economics? The answer depends on who you ask 2. The evolution of pre-capitalist economic systems: From communalism to empires, feudalism, and mercantilism in Europe 3. The different paths taken by Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and the Americas: The evolution of non-European economic systems PART II The evolution of economic systems and ideas 4. Adam Smith and the rise of capitalism: The era of laissez-faire 5. Karl Marx and the dark ages of capitalism: Historical materialism, surplus value, and the exploitation of labor 6. Thorstein Veblen and monopoly capitalism: The rise of manufacturing and the fall of laissez-faire 7. Keynes and mixed market capitalism: How to save capitalism from itself 8. Modern economic systems: Market-dominated, social market, and state-dominated economies PART III Culture, government, and markets 9. Culture, values, and public goods: How culture shapes the provision of public goods, health care, and education 10. Inequality, a key modern issue: Class, race, gender, and distribution 11. The economics of the environment and climate change: The different approaches of developed countries PART IV Macroeconomic issues and problems 12. Macroeconomic well-being and policy: Measuring and achieving goals for the macroeconomy 13. Economic growth: The forces that stimulate economic development 14. Trade, globalization, and modern economic systems: Unregulated trade and integration versus protectionism and separation 15. Conclusion: Whither economic systems? On the evolution of economic systems in the modern era Glossary of key terms and concepts

Geoffrey Schneider is the Charles P. Vaughan Chair and Presidential Professor of Economics at Bucknell University, USA. He directs the International Confederation of Associations for Pluralism in Economics (www.ICAPE.org) and he has published numerous books and articles from a pluralist perspective.

• PART I Pluralist economics and early systems: An introduction 1. What is economics? The answer depends on who you ask 2. The evolution of pre-capitalist economic systems: From communalism to empires, feudalism, and mercantilism in Europe 3. The different paths taken by Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and the Americas: The evolution of non-European economic systems PART II The evolution of economic systems and ideas 4. Adam Smith and the rise of capitalism: The era of laissez-faire 5. Karl Marx and the dark ages of capitalism: Historical materialism, surplus value, and the exploitation of labor 6. Thorstein Veblen and monopoly capitalism: The rise of manufacturing and the fall of laissez-faire 7. Keynes and mixed market capitalism: How to save capitalism from itself 8. Modern economic systems: Market-dominated, social market, and state-dominated economies PART III Culture, government, and markets 9. Culture, values, and public goods: How culture shapes the provision of public goods, health care, and education 10. Inequality, a key modern issue: Class, race, gender, and distribution 11. The economics of the environment and climate change: The different approaches of developed countries PART IV Macroeconomic issues and problems 12. Macroeconomic well-being and policy: Measuring and achieving goals for the macroeconomy 13. Economic growth: The forces that stimulate economic development 14. Trade, globalization, and modern economic systems: Unregulated trade and integration versus protectionism and separation 15. Conclusion: Whither economic systems? On the evolution of economic systems in the modern era Glossary of key terms and concepts