Edited by Cristina Grasseni, Professor of Cultural Anthropology, Erik Bähre, Associate Professor, Institute of Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology, Leiden University, the Netherlands, Douglas R. Holmes, Distinguished Professor, Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, USA and Coco Kanters, Assistant Professor, School of Liberal Arts, Utrecht University, the Netherlands

‘From video games to the value of post-conflict landscapes, this excitingly innovative Encyclopedia demonstrates the vitality of economic anthropology and how crucial it is for understanding our fast-changing world. It provides an exemplary range of topics from classic to new concerns that range from the intimacies of divorce to global infrastructure.’

• ContentsIntroduction: the porous boundaries of a discipline 1Cristina Grasseni, Erik Bähre, Douglas R. Holmes, and Coco KantersPART I NATURAL RESOURCESIntroduction: natural resources 7Erik Bähre1 Valuing nature 9Marja Spierenburg2 Value in post-conflict landscapes 14Paola Filippucci3 Gold mining 19Sabine Luning4 Energy 24Cymene Howe5 Crisis 29Tim van de Meerendonk6 Climate finance 34Aneil Tripathy7 Water as frontier of financialization 39Andrea Muehlebach8 Subsistence decision making 44Bram TuckerPART II CORPORATIONS AND EMERGING MARKETSIntroduction: corporations and emerging markets 50Douglas R. Holmes1 The corporation 53David A. Westbrook2 The curious case of cooperatives 57Lilith Mahmud3 Video games 62Joshua Reno4 Special economic zones 67Patrick Neveling5 Alternative currency designers 71Coco Kanters6 Islam and capitalism 77Daromir Rudnyckyj7 Christianity, finance, and new market experts 82Anna-Riikka Kauppinen8 Insurance 87Erik BährePART III ECONOMIES OF CAREIntroduction: economies of care 93Cristina Grasseni1 Care 95Tabea Häberlein and Erdmute Alber2 Food cooperatives 100Celia Plender3 The economy of hope 105Hirokazu Miyazaki4 Solidarity economy: from economic framework to worlding politics 109Boone W. Shear5 Exhaustion 114Federico De Musso6 Food banks 119Ewa Kopczyńska7 Self-help groups in the age of FinTech 124Daivi Rodima-Taylor8 Alternative food networks and Karl Polanyi 129Maris Boyd GillettePART IV SCALE AND GLOBAL CIRCULATIONSIntroduction: scale and global circulations 135Cristina Grasseni1 Global hierarchy of value 137Michael Herzfeld2 Commodity certification and cultural valorization in global markets 142Joana Nascimento3 Container capitalism 147Hege Høyer Leivestad4 Violence and the global economy 152Antonius C. G. M. Robben5 Responsible (research and) innovation 157Jonathan P. Hankins6 Making 162Cristina Grasseni7 Entrepreneurship and the future 167Joost BeuvingPART V ECONOMIES OF STATECRAFTIntroduction: economies of statecraft 173Erik Bähre1 Technology of money 175Douglas R. Holmes2 Economies of international development 180Maia Green3 Post-peasants of Eastern Europe 186Juraj Buzalka4 Retail finance, mortgage lending, and risk 191Marek Mikuš5 Governing the fiscal subject 198Nicolette Makovicky6 Fiscal politics 203Robin Smith7 Deservingness 208Andreas Streinzer and Jelena TošićPART VI GENDERED ECONOMIC RELATIONSIntroduction: gendered economic relations 214Erik Bähre1 Key symbols of gender and money 216Sibel Kusimba2 Queer Marxian perspectives 222Andreas Streinzer and Ryan Davey3 Post-work 227Mathias Levi Toft Kristiansen4 Family businesses and businesses as family 231Elena Sischarenco5 Divorce 236Norah Kiereri6 Dignity 240Loïc Pignolo7 The values of life 245Irene MorettiPART VII INFRASTRUCTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITALIZATIONIntroduction: infrastructure, technology, digitalization 250Douglas R. Holmes1 Ports, infrastructure, and logistics 253Vinzenz Bäumer Escobar2 Private equity 258Daniel Scott Souleles3 Digital money 263Gustav Peebles4 Bottom lines and below-the-lines on the film set 268Jackson Francis Malle5 The Right to the City and informal housing 273Sven da Silva6 Payment systems 278Bill MaurerPART VIII SKILL, LABOUR, AND PRECARITYIntroduction: Skill, labour, and precarity 284Cristina Grasseni1 Criminal economies 286Gabriel Feltran2 Affective economies and post-socialisms 290Tomasz Rakowski3 Labor, class, and skill 295Tom Martin4 Working bodies 300Rebecca Prentice5 Precarity and poetry 305Maghiel van Crevel6 New labor struggles in the US Rust Belt 310Sharryn Kasmir

Edited by Cristina Grasseni, Professor of Cultural Anthropology, Erik Bähre, Associate Professor, Institute of Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology, Leiden University, the Netherlands, Douglas R. Holmes, Distinguished Professor, Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, USA and Coco Kanters, Assistant Professor, School of Liberal Arts, Utrecht University, the Netherlands

‘From video games to the value of post-conflict landscapes, this excitingly innovative Encyclopedia demonstrates the vitality of economic anthropology and how crucial it is for understanding our fast-changing world. It provides an exemplary range of topics from classic to new concerns that range from the intimacies of divorce to global infrastructure.’

• ContentsIntroduction: the porous boundaries of a discipline 1Cristina Grasseni, Erik Bähre, Douglas R. Holmes, and Coco KantersPART I NATURAL RESOURCESIntroduction: natural resources 7Erik Bähre1 Valuing nature 9Marja Spierenburg2 Value in post-conflict landscapes 14Paola Filippucci3 Gold mining 19Sabine Luning4 Energy 24Cymene Howe5 Crisis 29Tim van de Meerendonk6 Climate finance 34Aneil Tripathy7 Water as frontier of financialization 39Andrea Muehlebach8 Subsistence decision making 44Bram TuckerPART II CORPORATIONS AND EMERGING MARKETSIntroduction: corporations and emerging markets 50Douglas R. Holmes1 The corporation 53David A. Westbrook2 The curious case of cooperatives 57Lilith Mahmud3 Video games 62Joshua Reno4 Special economic zones 67Patrick Neveling5 Alternative currency designers 71Coco Kanters6 Islam and capitalism 77Daromir Rudnyckyj7 Christianity, finance, and new market experts 82Anna-Riikka Kauppinen8 Insurance 87Erik BährePART III ECONOMIES OF CAREIntroduction: economies of care 93Cristina Grasseni1 Care 95Tabea Häberlein and Erdmute Alber2 Food cooperatives 100Celia Plender3 The economy of hope 105Hirokazu Miyazaki4 Solidarity economy: from economic framework to worlding politics 109Boone W. Shear5 Exhaustion 114Federico De Musso6 Food banks 119Ewa Kopczyńska7 Self-help groups in the age of FinTech 124Daivi Rodima-Taylor8 Alternative food networks and Karl Polanyi 129Maris Boyd GillettePART IV SCALE AND GLOBAL CIRCULATIONSIntroduction: scale and global circulations 135Cristina Grasseni1 Global hierarchy of value 137Michael Herzfeld2 Commodity certification and cultural valorization in global markets 142Joana Nascimento3 Container capitalism 147Hege Høyer Leivestad4 Violence and the global economy 152Antonius C. G. M. Robben5 Responsible (research and) innovation 157Jonathan P. Hankins6 Making 162Cristina Grasseni7 Entrepreneurship and the future 167Joost BeuvingPART V ECONOMIES OF STATECRAFTIntroduction: economies of statecraft 173Erik Bähre1 Technology of money 175Douglas R. Holmes2 Economies of international development 180Maia Green3 Post-peasants of Eastern Europe 186Juraj Buzalka4 Retail finance, mortgage lending, and risk 191Marek Mikuš5 Governing the fiscal subject 198Nicolette Makovicky6 Fiscal politics 203Robin Smith7 Deservingness 208Andreas Streinzer and Jelena TošićPART VI GENDERED ECONOMIC RELATIONSIntroduction: gendered economic relations 214Erik Bähre1 Key symbols of gender and money 216Sibel Kusimba2 Queer Marxian perspectives 222Andreas Streinzer and Ryan Davey3 Post-work 227Mathias Levi Toft Kristiansen4 Family businesses and businesses as family 231Elena Sischarenco5 Divorce 236Norah Kiereri6 Dignity 240Loïc Pignolo7 The values of life 245Irene MorettiPART VII INFRASTRUCTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITALIZATIONIntroduction: infrastructure, technology, digitalization 250Douglas R. Holmes1 Ports, infrastructure, and logistics 253Vinzenz Bäumer Escobar2 Private equity 258Daniel Scott Souleles3 Digital money 263Gustav Peebles4 Bottom lines and below-the-lines on the film set 268Jackson Francis Malle5 The Right to the City and informal housing 273Sven da Silva6 Payment systems 278Bill MaurerPART VIII SKILL, LABOUR, AND PRECARITYIntroduction: Skill, labour, and precarity 284Cristina Grasseni1 Criminal economies 286Gabriel Feltran2 Affective economies and post-socialisms 290Tomasz Rakowski3 Labor, class, and skill 295Tom Martin4 Working bodies 300Rebecca Prentice5 Precarity and poetry 305Maghiel van Crevel6 New labor struggles in the US Rust Belt 310Sharryn Kasmir

Edited by Cristina Grasseni, Professor of Cultural Anthropology, Erik Bähre, Associate Professor, Institute of Cultural Anthropology and Development Sociology, Leiden University, the Netherlands, Douglas R. Holmes, Distinguished Professor, Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University, USA and Coco Kanters, Assistant Professor, School of Liberal Arts, Utrecht University, the Netherlands

‘From video games to the value of post-conflict landscapes, this excitingly innovative Encyclopedia demonstrates the vitality of economic anthropology and how crucial it is for understanding our fast-changing world. It provides an exemplary range of topics from classic to new concerns that range from the intimacies of divorce to global infrastructure.’

• ContentsIntroduction: the porous boundaries of a discipline 1Cristina Grasseni, Erik Bähre, Douglas R. Holmes, and Coco KantersPART I NATURAL RESOURCESIntroduction: natural resources 7Erik Bähre1 Valuing nature 9Marja Spierenburg2 Value in post-conflict landscapes 14Paola Filippucci3 Gold mining 19Sabine Luning4 Energy 24Cymene Howe5 Crisis 29Tim van de Meerendonk6 Climate finance 34Aneil Tripathy7 Water as frontier of financialization 39Andrea Muehlebach8 Subsistence decision making 44Bram TuckerPART II CORPORATIONS AND EMERGING MARKETSIntroduction: corporations and emerging markets 50Douglas R. Holmes1 The corporation 53David A. Westbrook2 The curious case of cooperatives 57Lilith Mahmud3 Video games 62Joshua Reno4 Special economic zones 67Patrick Neveling5 Alternative currency designers 71Coco Kanters6 Islam and capitalism 77Daromir Rudnyckyj7 Christianity, finance, and new market experts 82Anna-Riikka Kauppinen8 Insurance 87Erik BährePART III ECONOMIES OF CAREIntroduction: economies of care 93Cristina Grasseni1 Care 95Tabea Häberlein and Erdmute Alber2 Food cooperatives 100Celia Plender3 The economy of hope 105Hirokazu Miyazaki4 Solidarity economy: from economic framework to worlding politics 109Boone W. Shear5 Exhaustion 114Federico De Musso6 Food banks 119Ewa Kopczyńska7 Self-help groups in the age of FinTech 124Daivi Rodima-Taylor8 Alternative food networks and Karl Polanyi 129Maris Boyd GillettePART IV SCALE AND GLOBAL CIRCULATIONSIntroduction: scale and global circulations 135Cristina Grasseni1 Global hierarchy of value 137Michael Herzfeld2 Commodity certification and cultural valorization in global markets 142Joana Nascimento3 Container capitalism 147Hege Høyer Leivestad4 Violence and the global economy 152Antonius C. G. M. Robben5 Responsible (research and) innovation 157Jonathan P. Hankins6 Making 162Cristina Grasseni7 Entrepreneurship and the future 167Joost BeuvingPART V ECONOMIES OF STATECRAFTIntroduction: economies of statecraft 173Erik Bähre1 Technology of money 175Douglas R. Holmes2 Economies of international development 180Maia Green3 Post-peasants of Eastern Europe 186Juraj Buzalka4 Retail finance, mortgage lending, and risk 191Marek Mikuš5 Governing the fiscal subject 198Nicolette Makovicky6 Fiscal politics 203Robin Smith7 Deservingness 208Andreas Streinzer and Jelena TošićPART VI GENDERED ECONOMIC RELATIONSIntroduction: gendered economic relations 214Erik Bähre1 Key symbols of gender and money 216Sibel Kusimba2 Queer Marxian perspectives 222Andreas Streinzer and Ryan Davey3 Post-work 227Mathias Levi Toft Kristiansen4 Family businesses and businesses as family 231Elena Sischarenco5 Divorce 236Norah Kiereri6 Dignity 240Loïc Pignolo7 The values of life 245Irene MorettiPART VII INFRASTRUCTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITALIZATIONIntroduction: infrastructure, technology, digitalization 250Douglas R. Holmes1 Ports, infrastructure, and logistics 253Vinzenz Bäumer Escobar2 Private equity 258Daniel Scott Souleles3 Digital money 263Gustav Peebles4 Bottom lines and below-the-lines on the film set 268Jackson Francis Malle5 The Right to the City and informal housing 273Sven da Silva6 Payment systems 278Bill MaurerPART VIII SKILL, LABOUR, AND PRECARITYIntroduction: Skill, labour, and precarity 284Cristina Grasseni1 Criminal economies 286Gabriel Feltran2 Affective economies and post-socialisms 290Tomasz Rakowski3 Labor, class, and skill 295Tom Martin4 Working bodies 300Rebecca Prentice5 Precarity and poetry 305Maghiel van Crevel6 New labor struggles in the US Rust Belt 310Sharryn Kasmir