Edited by Markus Furendal, Researcher, Department of Political Science, Stockholm University and Magnus Lundgren, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden

‘As global AI governance debates mature, this handbook provides a crucial anchor for understanding contemporary political responses to AI through descriptive, analyitcal and normative analyses. Bringing together diverse methods, disciplines and regions, it shows how AI is governed and points towards foundational future debates.’

• Contents1 Introduction to the Handbook on the Global Governance of ArtificialIntelligence 1Markus Furendal and Magnus LundgrenPART I THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND ISSUES2 Theorizing global AI governance 9Jonas Tallberg3 The global governance of … what exactly? Experts, knowledge, and thecontested making of global AI governance 26Hendrik Schopmans4 Global governance of artificial intelligence and the question of politicallegitimacy 46Eva Erman and Markus Furendal5 The gender code: gendering the global governance of artificial intelligence 61Jelena Cupać6 The nuclear analogy in AI governance research 79Sophia HatzPART II GLOBAL AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES7 Multilateralism in the global governance of artificial intelligence 95Michal Natorski8 The AI governance regime complex 117Johannes Geith9 The global majority in international AI governance 133Chinasa T. Okolo and Mubarak Raji10 The EU AI Act in a global perspective 154Marco Almada11 AI governance pathways: what second-generation national strategies reveal 174Roxana Radu12 The United States, China, and global AI governance 190Lance Y. Hunter, Craig D. Albert and Rose Antilla13 A point–line–plane analysis of China’s agile approach to AI governance 206Junhua Zhu14 Japan’s Hiroshima AI Process: a third way in global AI governance 230Arisa Ema, Fumiko Kudo, Yoichi Iida and Toshiya JitsuzumiPART III THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF AI ACROSS ACTORS ANDPOLICY DOMAINS15 Shaping AI from within: the values and power of AI developers 246Niels Selling and Pontus Strimling16 Tech corporations and global governance of AI 263Terrence L. Chapman17 The public legitimacy of artificial intelligence governance 281Marco Lünich and Christopher Starke18 The global governance of AI and the future of work 297Vicente Silva19 The global governance of lethal autonomous weapons and the future ofwarfare 313Diego Badell and Edward Hunter Christie20 Governing sustainability transitions in a world of AI-poweredgreenwashing 334Mitzi Bolton and Tom ChanPART IV THE FUTURE OF GLOBAL AI GOVERNANCE21 Future trends in global AI governance 359Daniel S. Schiff22 Global AI governance through technical standards 381Huw Roberts and Marta Ziosi23 Challenges to the governance and regulation of military AI 399Lena Trabucco24 Human rights, datafication, and the democratic governance of AI 419Molly K. Land and Wendy H. Wong

Edited by Markus Furendal, Researcher, Department of Political Science, Stockholm University and Magnus Lundgren, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden

‘As global AI governance debates mature, this handbook provides a crucial anchor for understanding contemporary political responses to AI through descriptive, analyitcal and normative analyses. Bringing together diverse methods, disciplines and regions, it shows how AI is governed and points towards foundational future debates.’

• Contents1 Introduction to the Handbook on the Global Governance of ArtificialIntelligence 1Markus Furendal and Magnus LundgrenPART I THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND ISSUES2 Theorizing global AI governance 9Jonas Tallberg3 The global governance of … what exactly? Experts, knowledge, and thecontested making of global AI governance 26Hendrik Schopmans4 Global governance of artificial intelligence and the question of politicallegitimacy 46Eva Erman and Markus Furendal5 The gender code: gendering the global governance of artificial intelligence 61Jelena Cupać6 The nuclear analogy in AI governance research 79Sophia HatzPART II GLOBAL AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES7 Multilateralism in the global governance of artificial intelligence 95Michal Natorski8 The AI governance regime complex 117Johannes Geith9 The global majority in international AI governance 133Chinasa T. Okolo and Mubarak Raji10 The EU AI Act in a global perspective 154Marco Almada11 AI governance pathways: what second-generation national strategies reveal 174Roxana Radu12 The United States, China, and global AI governance 190Lance Y. Hunter, Craig D. Albert and Rose Antilla13 A point–line–plane analysis of China’s agile approach to AI governance 206Junhua Zhu14 Japan’s Hiroshima AI Process: a third way in global AI governance 230Arisa Ema, Fumiko Kudo, Yoichi Iida and Toshiya JitsuzumiPART III THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF AI ACROSS ACTORS ANDPOLICY DOMAINS15 Shaping AI from within: the values and power of AI developers 246Niels Selling and Pontus Strimling16 Tech corporations and global governance of AI 263Terrence L. Chapman17 The public legitimacy of artificial intelligence governance 281Marco Lünich and Christopher Starke18 The global governance of AI and the future of work 297Vicente Silva19 The global governance of lethal autonomous weapons and the future ofwarfare 313Diego Badell and Edward Hunter Christie20 Governing sustainability transitions in a world of AI-poweredgreenwashing 334Mitzi Bolton and Tom ChanPART IV THE FUTURE OF GLOBAL AI GOVERNANCE21 Future trends in global AI governance 359Daniel S. Schiff22 Global AI governance through technical standards 381Huw Roberts and Marta Ziosi23 Challenges to the governance and regulation of military AI 399Lena Trabucco24 Human rights, datafication, and the democratic governance of AI 419Molly K. Land and Wendy H. Wong

Edited by Markus Furendal, Researcher, Department of Political Science, Stockholm University and Magnus Lundgren, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden

‘As global AI governance debates mature, this handbook provides a crucial anchor for understanding contemporary political responses to AI through descriptive, analyitcal and normative analyses. Bringing together diverse methods, disciplines and regions, it shows how AI is governed and points towards foundational future debates.’

• Contents1 Introduction to the Handbook on the Global Governance of ArtificialIntelligence 1Markus Furendal and Magnus LundgrenPART I THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND ISSUES2 Theorizing global AI governance 9Jonas Tallberg3 The global governance of … what exactly? Experts, knowledge, and thecontested making of global AI governance 26Hendrik Schopmans4 Global governance of artificial intelligence and the question of politicallegitimacy 46Eva Erman and Markus Furendal5 The gender code: gendering the global governance of artificial intelligence 61Jelena Cupać6 The nuclear analogy in AI governance research 79Sophia HatzPART II GLOBAL AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES7 Multilateralism in the global governance of artificial intelligence 95Michal Natorski8 The AI governance regime complex 117Johannes Geith9 The global majority in international AI governance 133Chinasa T. Okolo and Mubarak Raji10 The EU AI Act in a global perspective 154Marco Almada11 AI governance pathways: what second-generation national strategies reveal 174Roxana Radu12 The United States, China, and global AI governance 190Lance Y. Hunter, Craig D. Albert and Rose Antilla13 A point–line–plane analysis of China’s agile approach to AI governance 206Junhua Zhu14 Japan’s Hiroshima AI Process: a third way in global AI governance 230Arisa Ema, Fumiko Kudo, Yoichi Iida and Toshiya JitsuzumiPART III THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF AI ACROSS ACTORS ANDPOLICY DOMAINS15 Shaping AI from within: the values and power of AI developers 246Niels Selling and Pontus Strimling16 Tech corporations and global governance of AI 263Terrence L. Chapman17 The public legitimacy of artificial intelligence governance 281Marco Lünich and Christopher Starke18 The global governance of AI and the future of work 297Vicente Silva19 The global governance of lethal autonomous weapons and the future ofwarfare 313Diego Badell and Edward Hunter Christie20 Governing sustainability transitions in a world of AI-poweredgreenwashing 334Mitzi Bolton and Tom ChanPART IV THE FUTURE OF GLOBAL AI GOVERNANCE21 Future trends in global AI governance 359Daniel S. Schiff22 Global AI governance through technical standards 381Huw Roberts and Marta Ziosi23 Challenges to the governance and regulation of military AI 399Lena Trabucco24 Human rights, datafication, and the democratic governance of AI 419Molly K. Land and Wendy H. Wong