Edited by Ariel Dinar, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Environmental Economics and Policy, School of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside and Robert O. Mendelsohn, Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor Emeritus of Forest Policy, Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, USA

• ContentsForeword David Zilberman xx1 Introduction to the Handbook on Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation,and Adaptation in Agriculture 1Ariel Dinar and Robert MendelsohnPART I CLIMATE IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE2 Climate change and agriculture: a global meta-analysis of the Ricardianliterature 8Allan Beltran, Saúl Basurto Hernández, Robert Mendelsohn, and LuisMiguel Galindo3 European climate change impacts on agriculture: an updated Ricardiananalysis 33Charlotte Fabri and Steven Van Passel4 Assessing the sensitivity of climate change impacts in agriculture to theclimate–economy functional form 47Joey Blumberg5 Estimating the impact of droughts and floods on African farmers 70Shun Chonabayashi and Theepakorn Jithitikulchai6 Impacts of and seasonal adaptation to climate change: structural Ricardianevidence from smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa 88Babatunde Abidoye, Agha Ali Akram, Sudha Kannan, PradeepKurukulasuriya, and Kehinde O. Omotoso7 The impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity in OECDcountries 103Mehrshad Radmehr and Richard ArhinfulPART II AGRICULTURAL ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGESection 2.1 Crop choice, agroforestry, risk management8 Agricultural adaptation to climate change: the imperative, the reaction, andthe policy challenges 136Lunyu C. Zhao, Xinran R. Wang, Chengcheng J. Fei, and Bruce A. McCarl9 The economics of large-scale climate adaptation in Brazilian agriculture 168Guilherme DePaula, Aryeverton Fortes de Oliveira, Vania RosaPereira, Milena Oliveira, and Arthur Welle10 Drought-tolerant crops as a drought adaptation tool: productivity, inputcomplementarity, and risk effects 200Jonathan McFadden, Samuel Bailey, Daniel Bonin, Laura Paul, andJonathan Malacarne11 Climate variability and risk management in maize production: adoptionstrategies and implications for climate change in Southwestern Cameroon 230Eric Jr. Bomdzele, Ernest L. Molua, Ajapnwa Akamin, Bizel-Bi. M.Tichad, Mary E. Ngaiwi, and Joe E. Assoua12 Climate change impacts and adaptation in the agricultural sector of theColorado River Basin: a hydro-economic analysis 257Daniel Crespo, Mehdi Nemati, Ariel Dinar, Zachary Frankel, andNicholas HalbergSection 2.2 Managing water as an adaptation13 Effects of climate, land, and farm characteristics on irrigation adoption,water use, and conservation practices in the Southeastern US 279Harikrishnan Santhosh and Jeffrey D. Mullen14 Extreme soil moisture risk and subsurface drainage adoption: a structuralRicardian analysis 303Steven Wallander, Daniel Szmurlo, and Benjamin M. Gramig15 Effects of climate change on farmers’ adaptive investment in irrigationfacilities: empirical evidence from national representative surveys in China 329Jinxia Wang, Wei Chao, Kaixing Huang, Huang Chen, and Yimeng LiPART III AGRICULTURE AS A TOOL FOR GHG MITIGATION16 Markets in agriculture-based carbon offsets: current status and scalingchallenges 380Rohit Jindal17 How to address barriers to the adoption of agricultural carbonsequestration 398Michael A. Meneses, Miguel I. Gómez, David R. Just, Ravi Kanbur,David R. Lee, and C.-Y. Cynthia Lin Lawell18 The growing challenges of climate change in Spanish agriculture: impacts,mitigation, and adaptation 427José Albiacand Encarna Esteban19 Perception and willingness to support planned mitigation climate policies:the African farmers’ perspective 450Perez L. Kemeni Kambiet, Ernest L. Molua, Victor Ongoma, FrancisE. Ndip, and Hachim El AyoubiPART IV GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND POLICIES20 Could agricultural extension services help farmers adapt to climatechange? Evidence from smallholder farmers in Kenya, Mozambique, andNigeria 472Agha Ali Akram, Esteban J. Quiñones, Abbie Turiansky, and RobertMendelsohn21 Legislative responsiveness to climate change: politically driven adaptationin California’s agricultural sector 488Paige Pellaton, Jonathan P. Colner, Alex Cohen, Cory Struthers,Siddharth Kishore, Scott A. MacKenzie, Matthew S. Shugart, MehdiNemati, and Ariel Dinar22 Governance structure, adaptation options, and climate resilience of theagricultural and water sectors of Morocco: pathway analysis in the contextof the Oum Er Rbia Basin 511Rathinasamy Maria Saleth, Abdelkader Ait El Mekki, Upali AnandaAmarasinghe, Giriraj Amarnath, and Youssef BrouziynePART V CONCLUSION23 Conclusions of the Handbook on Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation,and Adaptation in Agriculture, and lessons learned 545Robert Mendelsohn and Ariel Dinar

Edited by Ariel Dinar, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Environmental Economics and Policy, School of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside and Robert O. Mendelsohn, Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor Emeritus of Forest Policy, Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, USA

• ContentsForeword David Zilberman xx1 Introduction to the Handbook on Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation,and Adaptation in Agriculture 1Ariel Dinar and Robert MendelsohnPART I CLIMATE IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE2 Climate change and agriculture: a global meta-analysis of the Ricardianliterature 8Allan Beltran, Saúl Basurto Hernández, Robert Mendelsohn, and LuisMiguel Galindo3 European climate change impacts on agriculture: an updated Ricardiananalysis 33Charlotte Fabri and Steven Van Passel4 Assessing the sensitivity of climate change impacts in agriculture to theclimate–economy functional form 47Joey Blumberg5 Estimating the impact of droughts and floods on African farmers 70Shun Chonabayashi and Theepakorn Jithitikulchai6 Impacts of and seasonal adaptation to climate change: structural Ricardianevidence from smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa 88Babatunde Abidoye, Agha Ali Akram, Sudha Kannan, PradeepKurukulasuriya, and Kehinde O. Omotoso7 The impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity in OECDcountries 103Mehrshad Radmehr and Richard ArhinfulPART II AGRICULTURAL ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGESection 2.1 Crop choice, agroforestry, risk management8 Agricultural adaptation to climate change: the imperative, the reaction, andthe policy challenges 136Lunyu C. Zhao, Xinran R. Wang, Chengcheng J. Fei, and Bruce A. McCarl9 The economics of large-scale climate adaptation in Brazilian agriculture 168Guilherme DePaula, Aryeverton Fortes de Oliveira, Vania RosaPereira, Milena Oliveira, and Arthur Welle10 Drought-tolerant crops as a drought adaptation tool: productivity, inputcomplementarity, and risk effects 200Jonathan McFadden, Samuel Bailey, Daniel Bonin, Laura Paul, andJonathan Malacarne11 Climate variability and risk management in maize production: adoptionstrategies and implications for climate change in Southwestern Cameroon 230Eric Jr. Bomdzele, Ernest L. Molua, Ajapnwa Akamin, Bizel-Bi. M.Tichad, Mary E. Ngaiwi, and Joe E. Assoua12 Climate change impacts and adaptation in the agricultural sector of theColorado River Basin: a hydro-economic analysis 257Daniel Crespo, Mehdi Nemati, Ariel Dinar, Zachary Frankel, andNicholas HalbergSection 2.2 Managing water as an adaptation13 Effects of climate, land, and farm characteristics on irrigation adoption,water use, and conservation practices in the Southeastern US 279Harikrishnan Santhosh and Jeffrey D. Mullen14 Extreme soil moisture risk and subsurface drainage adoption: a structuralRicardian analysis 303Steven Wallander, Daniel Szmurlo, and Benjamin M. Gramig15 Effects of climate change on farmers’ adaptive investment in irrigationfacilities: empirical evidence from national representative surveys in China 329Jinxia Wang, Wei Chao, Kaixing Huang, Huang Chen, and Yimeng LiPART III AGRICULTURE AS A TOOL FOR GHG MITIGATION16 Markets in agriculture-based carbon offsets: current status and scalingchallenges 380Rohit Jindal17 How to address barriers to the adoption of agricultural carbonsequestration 398Michael A. Meneses, Miguel I. Gómez, David R. Just, Ravi Kanbur,David R. Lee, and C.-Y. Cynthia Lin Lawell18 The growing challenges of climate change in Spanish agriculture: impacts,mitigation, and adaptation 427José Albiacand Encarna Esteban19 Perception and willingness to support planned mitigation climate policies:the African farmers’ perspective 450Perez L. Kemeni Kambiet, Ernest L. Molua, Victor Ongoma, FrancisE. Ndip, and Hachim El AyoubiPART IV GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND POLICIES20 Could agricultural extension services help farmers adapt to climatechange? Evidence from smallholder farmers in Kenya, Mozambique, andNigeria 472Agha Ali Akram, Esteban J. Quiñones, Abbie Turiansky, and RobertMendelsohn21 Legislative responsiveness to climate change: politically driven adaptationin California’s agricultural sector 488Paige Pellaton, Jonathan P. Colner, Alex Cohen, Cory Struthers,Siddharth Kishore, Scott A. MacKenzie, Matthew S. Shugart, MehdiNemati, and Ariel Dinar22 Governance structure, adaptation options, and climate resilience of theagricultural and water sectors of Morocco: pathway analysis in the contextof the Oum Er Rbia Basin 511Rathinasamy Maria Saleth, Abdelkader Ait El Mekki, Upali AnandaAmarasinghe, Giriraj Amarnath, and Youssef BrouziynePART V CONCLUSION23 Conclusions of the Handbook on Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation,and Adaptation in Agriculture, and lessons learned 545Robert Mendelsohn and Ariel Dinar

Edited by Ariel Dinar, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Environmental Economics and Policy, School of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside and Robert O. Mendelsohn, Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor Emeritus of Forest Policy, Yale School of the Environment, Yale University, USA

• ContentsForeword David Zilberman xx1 Introduction to the Handbook on Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation,and Adaptation in Agriculture 1Ariel Dinar and Robert MendelsohnPART I CLIMATE IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE2 Climate change and agriculture: a global meta-analysis of the Ricardianliterature 8Allan Beltran, Saúl Basurto Hernández, Robert Mendelsohn, and LuisMiguel Galindo3 European climate change impacts on agriculture: an updated Ricardiananalysis 33Charlotte Fabri and Steven Van Passel4 Assessing the sensitivity of climate change impacts in agriculture to theclimate–economy functional form 47Joey Blumberg5 Estimating the impact of droughts and floods on African farmers 70Shun Chonabayashi and Theepakorn Jithitikulchai6 Impacts of and seasonal adaptation to climate change: structural Ricardianevidence from smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa 88Babatunde Abidoye, Agha Ali Akram, Sudha Kannan, PradeepKurukulasuriya, and Kehinde O. Omotoso7 The impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity in OECDcountries 103Mehrshad Radmehr and Richard ArhinfulPART II AGRICULTURAL ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGESection 2.1 Crop choice, agroforestry, risk management8 Agricultural adaptation to climate change: the imperative, the reaction, andthe policy challenges 136Lunyu C. Zhao, Xinran R. Wang, Chengcheng J. Fei, and Bruce A. McCarl9 The economics of large-scale climate adaptation in Brazilian agriculture 168Guilherme DePaula, Aryeverton Fortes de Oliveira, Vania RosaPereira, Milena Oliveira, and Arthur Welle10 Drought-tolerant crops as a drought adaptation tool: productivity, inputcomplementarity, and risk effects 200Jonathan McFadden, Samuel Bailey, Daniel Bonin, Laura Paul, andJonathan Malacarne11 Climate variability and risk management in maize production: adoptionstrategies and implications for climate change in Southwestern Cameroon 230Eric Jr. Bomdzele, Ernest L. Molua, Ajapnwa Akamin, Bizel-Bi. M.Tichad, Mary E. Ngaiwi, and Joe E. Assoua12 Climate change impacts and adaptation in the agricultural sector of theColorado River Basin: a hydro-economic analysis 257Daniel Crespo, Mehdi Nemati, Ariel Dinar, Zachary Frankel, andNicholas HalbergSection 2.2 Managing water as an adaptation13 Effects of climate, land, and farm characteristics on irrigation adoption,water use, and conservation practices in the Southeastern US 279Harikrishnan Santhosh and Jeffrey D. Mullen14 Extreme soil moisture risk and subsurface drainage adoption: a structuralRicardian analysis 303Steven Wallander, Daniel Szmurlo, and Benjamin M. Gramig15 Effects of climate change on farmers’ adaptive investment in irrigationfacilities: empirical evidence from national representative surveys in China 329Jinxia Wang, Wei Chao, Kaixing Huang, Huang Chen, and Yimeng LiPART III AGRICULTURE AS A TOOL FOR GHG MITIGATION16 Markets in agriculture-based carbon offsets: current status and scalingchallenges 380Rohit Jindal17 How to address barriers to the adoption of agricultural carbonsequestration 398Michael A. Meneses, Miguel I. Gómez, David R. Just, Ravi Kanbur,David R. Lee, and C.-Y. Cynthia Lin Lawell18 The growing challenges of climate change in Spanish agriculture: impacts,mitigation, and adaptation 427José Albiacand Encarna Esteban19 Perception and willingness to support planned mitigation climate policies:the African farmers’ perspective 450Perez L. Kemeni Kambiet, Ernest L. Molua, Victor Ongoma, FrancisE. Ndip, and Hachim El AyoubiPART IV GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND POLICIES20 Could agricultural extension services help farmers adapt to climatechange? Evidence from smallholder farmers in Kenya, Mozambique, andNigeria 472Agha Ali Akram, Esteban J. Quiñones, Abbie Turiansky, and RobertMendelsohn21 Legislative responsiveness to climate change: politically driven adaptationin California’s agricultural sector 488Paige Pellaton, Jonathan P. Colner, Alex Cohen, Cory Struthers,Siddharth Kishore, Scott A. MacKenzie, Matthew S. Shugart, MehdiNemati, and Ariel Dinar22 Governance structure, adaptation options, and climate resilience of theagricultural and water sectors of Morocco: pathway analysis in the contextof the Oum Er Rbia Basin 511Rathinasamy Maria Saleth, Abdelkader Ait El Mekki, Upali AnandaAmarasinghe, Giriraj Amarnath, and Youssef BrouziynePART V CONCLUSION23 Conclusions of the Handbook on Climate Change Impacts, Mitigation,and Adaptation in Agriculture, and lessons learned 545Robert Mendelsohn and Ariel Dinar