Global trends favor balanced development, integrating socio-economic and environmental aspects. Sustainable development, emphasized by international organizations and the UN''s Sustainable Development Goals, has evolved into Industry 5.0. Unlike Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0 prioritizes social justice and sustainable development, focusing on human-centricity, ecological balance, and resilience. It advocates for circular processes, reduced waste, and lowered environmental impact. The transition to a green economy requires bottom-up efforts from eco-entrepreneurs. In the era of knowledge-based economies, enterprises emphasize sustainable development, including the transition to Sustainable Human Resource Management (SHRM). SHRM combines sustainability with a soft approach to human resources, fostering trust, teamwork, and employee commitment. However, literature on SHRM lacks a universally accepted definition. This monograph aims to bridge gaps through theoretical and empirical examinations of connections between sustainable HR practices and Industry 5.0, identifying competencies needed for effective implementation within this framework. The study contributes to the understanding of the evolving relationship between Industry 5.0 and sustainable HR practices, setting the stage for further research.