Yida Zhai is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Tsukuba, Japan. His research interests include political psychology, political sociology, and Asian comparative politics. He is the author of The Political Psychology of Citizens in Rising China and co-author of State, Society, and COVID-19 in East Asia.Cary Wu is York Research Chair in Political Sociology of Health and Associate Professor of Sociology at York University, Canada. His research focusing on trust and political sociology of health has appeared in journals including BioScience, Daedalus, and Social Science & Medicine.

“From mental health and family dynamics to economic inequality and political mobilization, this handbook provides an unprecedented, multidisciplinary examination of China’s COVID-19 experience. Its rigorous documentation of both personal suffering and state overreach makes it essential reading for understanding authoritarian pandemic governance—and preserving a more complete account of this critical period.”Timothy Hildebrandt, Associate Professor, London School of Economics and Political Science Co-editor, The China Quarterly“At a time when collective memory of COVID-19 fades, this comprehensive volume fills a crucial knowledge gap in pandemic scholarship. Through rigorous, interdisciplinary analysis spanning health, social, political, and media dimensions, it creates an authoritative account that critically examines official narratives and preserves essential truths about how ordinary people and the state navigated this unprecedented crisis.”Yanzhong Huang, Professor and Director of Global Health Studies, Seton Hall University Senior Fellow for Global Health, Council on Foreign Relations“Through its comprehensive scope and analytical rigor, this book connects the lived experiences of ordinary Chinese citizens with the broader institutional and political forces that shaped their reality. It is an essential resource for anyone seeking to understand how China, and the world, confronted one of the most transformative public health crises of our time.”Xiaogang Wu, Yufeng Global Professor of Social Science and Professor of Sociology, NYU Shanghai and New York University

• List of FiguresList of TablesList of ContributorsPrefaceIntroduction: Remembering the COVID-19 PandemicYida Zhai and Cary WuPart I. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals’ Physical and Mental Health1 Introduction to the Health SectionCary Wu2 Stigma, Perceived Discrimination, and Mental Health: A Mixed-Methods InvestigationWen Fan, Yue Qian, and Yongai Jin3 Exposure, Perceived risk, and Psychological Distress among General Population during Wuhan’s LockdownsYujun Liu, Linping Liu, and Zhilei Shi4 Changing Trends of Mental and Behavioral Responses and Associations: A Panel StudyXiaozhao Yousef Yang, Sihui Peng, Tingzhong Yang, and Randall R. Cottrell5 Effects of Changes in Physical and Sedentary Behaviors on Mental Health and Life SatisfactionXi Chen, Haiyan Gao, Binbin Shu, and Yuchun Zou6 Food Insecurity and Mental Health during Shanghai’s LockdownsGuanghua Han and Yida ZhaiPart II. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children, Fertility, and Family7 Introduction to the Family SectionCary Wu8 Vulnerability and Resilience during COVID-19: Family Resources and Children’s Psychological Well-beingRuochen Zhang, Yao Lu, and Haifeng Du9 Family-mediated Migration Infrastructure: Chinese International Students and Parents Navigating (Im)mobilitiesYang Hu, Cora Lingling Xu, and Mengwei Tu10 The Impact of Covid-19 on Fertility Intentions: Empirical Evidence from China’s Covid-19 EpicenterMin Zhou and Wei Guo11 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Fertility Intentions under the Three-Child PolicyZhilei Shi and Xi Shao12 Who is Exercising at Home? Unequal Exercise Patterns during COVID-19Chloe SherPart III. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Income, Employment, and Consumption13 Introduction to the Economic SectionYida Zhai14 China’s Dynamic Covid-Zero Policy and the Chinese EconomyKerry Liu15 Who Loses Income during the COVID-19 Outbreak?Yue Qian and Wen Fan16 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Wages and Household Income in Poor Rural ChinaWenjin Long, Junxia Zeng, and Tongquan Sun17 Precarity and Mobility: Chinese Female Migrant Labor under the Shadow of COVID-19Lu Zhang18 The Impact of the COVID‑19 Pandemic on Chinese Households’ Housing ConsumptionChunyan He, Jinlu Lv, Ding Li, and Siyu WuPart IV. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Life19 Introduction to the Social SectionCary Wu20 How Did Wuhan Residents Cope with a 76-day Lockdown?Yue Qian and Amy Hanser21 Interdependent Care: Collective Disability Care Networks in China’s COVID-19 OutbreakShixin Huang22 State-crafted Social Capital and Policy Compliance: China’s Zero-COVID GovernanceTianye Jin, Karl Yan, Haojiu Liu, and Angran Li23 Surveillance as Solution in Pandemic-era ChinaJun Liu and Hui Zhao24 Social Capital and COVID-19 in China: Forms, Levels, and Contextual DynamicsCary WuPart V. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Media and Information Manipulation25 Introduction to the Media SectionYida Zhai26 Framing Pandemics: Continuities and Challenges in China’s Outbound Crisis CommunicationZhan Zhang27 Shaping Nationalism: Media Use and Trust in ChinaDechun Zhang and Yuji Xu28 A Discourse Study of Weibo Nationalist Responses to Fang Fang’s Wuhan Lockdown DiaryShiru Wang, Daan Wang, and Yuk Tai Siu29 “We Should All Be Grateful to President Xi and the Party”: Continuity and Changes of Chinese Government DiscourseJason Cong Lin30 Pandemic and Memory: Online Memory Narratives of COVID-19 SurvivorsYi YangPart VI. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Legitimacy and Governance31 Introduction to the Political SectionYida Zhai32 China’s Zero-COVID Campaign and the Body PoliticDali L. Yang33 Domestic Contestation, International Backlash, and Authoritarian Resilience: How the Chinese Party-state Weathered the COVID-19 Crisis?Xiangfeng Yang34 Embedded Authoritarianism in the Xi Era: China’s COVID-19 ResponseStefanie Kam35 The Rally Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the White Paper MovementYue Guan, Lei Guang, Lianjiang Li, and Yanchuan Liu36 Affective Lockdown: Administrative Chaos and Informal RepairingYan Long and Wei Luo37 The Political Logic of China’s Zero-COVID PolicyYida ZhaiIndex

Yida Zhai is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Tsukuba, Japan. His research interests include political psychology, political sociology, and Asian comparative politics. He is the author of The Political Psychology of Citizens in Rising China and co-author of State, Society, and COVID-19 in East Asia.Cary Wu is York Research Chair in Political Sociology of Health and Associate Professor of Sociology at York University, Canada. His research focusing on trust and political sociology of health has appeared in journals including BioScience, Daedalus, and Social Science & Medicine.

“From mental health and family dynamics to economic inequality and political mobilization, this handbook provides an unprecedented, multidisciplinary examination of China’s COVID-19 experience. Its rigorous documentation of both personal suffering and state overreach makes it essential reading for understanding authoritarian pandemic governance—and preserving a more complete account of this critical period.”Timothy Hildebrandt, Associate Professor, London School of Economics and Political Science Co-editor, The China Quarterly“At a time when collective memory of COVID-19 fades, this comprehensive volume fills a crucial knowledge gap in pandemic scholarship. Through rigorous, interdisciplinary analysis spanning health, social, political, and media dimensions, it creates an authoritative account that critically examines official narratives and preserves essential truths about how ordinary people and the state navigated this unprecedented crisis.”Yanzhong Huang, Professor and Director of Global Health Studies, Seton Hall University Senior Fellow for Global Health, Council on Foreign Relations“Through its comprehensive scope and analytical rigor, this book connects the lived experiences of ordinary Chinese citizens with the broader institutional and political forces that shaped their reality. It is an essential resource for anyone seeking to understand how China, and the world, confronted one of the most transformative public health crises of our time.”Xiaogang Wu, Yufeng Global Professor of Social Science and Professor of Sociology, NYU Shanghai and New York University

• List of FiguresList of TablesList of ContributorsPrefaceIntroduction: Remembering the COVID-19 PandemicYida Zhai and Cary WuPart I. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals’ Physical and Mental Health1 Introduction to the Health SectionCary Wu2 Stigma, Perceived Discrimination, and Mental Health: A Mixed-Methods InvestigationWen Fan, Yue Qian, and Yongai Jin3 Exposure, Perceived risk, and Psychological Distress among General Population during Wuhan’s LockdownsYujun Liu, Linping Liu, and Zhilei Shi4 Changing Trends of Mental and Behavioral Responses and Associations: A Panel StudyXiaozhao Yousef Yang, Sihui Peng, Tingzhong Yang, and Randall R. Cottrell5 Effects of Changes in Physical and Sedentary Behaviors on Mental Health and Life SatisfactionXi Chen, Haiyan Gao, Binbin Shu, and Yuchun Zou6 Food Insecurity and Mental Health during Shanghai’s LockdownsGuanghua Han and Yida ZhaiPart II. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children, Fertility, and Family7 Introduction to the Family SectionCary Wu8 Vulnerability and Resilience during COVID-19: Family Resources and Children’s Psychological Well-beingRuochen Zhang, Yao Lu, and Haifeng Du9 Family-mediated Migration Infrastructure: Chinese International Students and Parents Navigating (Im)mobilitiesYang Hu, Cora Lingling Xu, and Mengwei Tu10 The Impact of Covid-19 on Fertility Intentions: Empirical Evidence from China’s Covid-19 EpicenterMin Zhou and Wei Guo11 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Fertility Intentions under the Three-Child PolicyZhilei Shi and Xi Shao12 Who is Exercising at Home? Unequal Exercise Patterns during COVID-19Chloe SherPart III. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Income, Employment, and Consumption13 Introduction to the Economic SectionYida Zhai14 China’s Dynamic Covid-Zero Policy and the Chinese EconomyKerry Liu15 Who Loses Income during the COVID-19 Outbreak?Yue Qian and Wen Fan16 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Wages and Household Income in Poor Rural ChinaWenjin Long, Junxia Zeng, and Tongquan Sun17 Precarity and Mobility: Chinese Female Migrant Labor under the Shadow of COVID-19Lu Zhang18 The Impact of the COVID‑19 Pandemic on Chinese Households’ Housing ConsumptionChunyan He, Jinlu Lv, Ding Li, and Siyu WuPart IV. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Life19 Introduction to the Social SectionCary Wu20 How Did Wuhan Residents Cope with a 76-day Lockdown?Yue Qian and Amy Hanser21 Interdependent Care: Collective Disability Care Networks in China’s COVID-19 OutbreakShixin Huang22 State-crafted Social Capital and Policy Compliance: China’s Zero-COVID GovernanceTianye Jin, Karl Yan, Haojiu Liu, and Angran Li23 Surveillance as Solution in Pandemic-era ChinaJun Liu and Hui Zhao24 Social Capital and COVID-19 in China: Forms, Levels, and Contextual DynamicsCary WuPart V. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Media and Information Manipulation25 Introduction to the Media SectionYida Zhai26 Framing Pandemics: Continuities and Challenges in China’s Outbound Crisis CommunicationZhan Zhang27 Shaping Nationalism: Media Use and Trust in ChinaDechun Zhang and Yuji Xu28 A Discourse Study of Weibo Nationalist Responses to Fang Fang’s Wuhan Lockdown DiaryShiru Wang, Daan Wang, and Yuk Tai Siu29 “We Should All Be Grateful to President Xi and the Party”: Continuity and Changes of Chinese Government DiscourseJason Cong Lin30 Pandemic and Memory: Online Memory Narratives of COVID-19 SurvivorsYi YangPart VI. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Legitimacy and Governance31 Introduction to the Political SectionYida Zhai32 China’s Zero-COVID Campaign and the Body PoliticDali L. Yang33 Domestic Contestation, International Backlash, and Authoritarian Resilience: How the Chinese Party-state Weathered the COVID-19 Crisis?Xiangfeng Yang34 Embedded Authoritarianism in the Xi Era: China’s COVID-19 ResponseStefanie Kam35 The Rally Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the White Paper MovementYue Guan, Lei Guang, Lianjiang Li, and Yanchuan Liu36 Affective Lockdown: Administrative Chaos and Informal RepairingYan Long and Wei Luo37 The Political Logic of China’s Zero-COVID PolicyYida ZhaiIndex

Yida Zhai is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Tsukuba, Japan. His research interests include political psychology, political sociology, and Asian comparative politics. He is the author of The Political Psychology of Citizens in Rising China and co-author of State, Society, and COVID-19 in East Asia.Cary Wu is York Research Chair in Political Sociology of Health and Associate Professor of Sociology at York University, Canada. His research focusing on trust and political sociology of health has appeared in journals including BioScience, Daedalus, and Social Science & Medicine.

“From mental health and family dynamics to economic inequality and political mobilization, this handbook provides an unprecedented, multidisciplinary examination of China’s COVID-19 experience. Its rigorous documentation of both personal suffering and state overreach makes it essential reading for understanding authoritarian pandemic governance—and preserving a more complete account of this critical period.”Timothy Hildebrandt, Associate Professor, London School of Economics and Political Science Co-editor, The China Quarterly“At a time when collective memory of COVID-19 fades, this comprehensive volume fills a crucial knowledge gap in pandemic scholarship. Through rigorous, interdisciplinary analysis spanning health, social, political, and media dimensions, it creates an authoritative account that critically examines official narratives and preserves essential truths about how ordinary people and the state navigated this unprecedented crisis.”Yanzhong Huang, Professor and Director of Global Health Studies, Seton Hall University Senior Fellow for Global Health, Council on Foreign Relations“Through its comprehensive scope and analytical rigor, this book connects the lived experiences of ordinary Chinese citizens with the broader institutional and political forces that shaped their reality. It is an essential resource for anyone seeking to understand how China, and the world, confronted one of the most transformative public health crises of our time.”Xiaogang Wu, Yufeng Global Professor of Social Science and Professor of Sociology, NYU Shanghai and New York University

• List of FiguresList of TablesList of ContributorsPrefaceIntroduction: Remembering the COVID-19 PandemicYida Zhai and Cary WuPart I. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals’ Physical and Mental Health1 Introduction to the Health SectionCary Wu2 Stigma, Perceived Discrimination, and Mental Health: A Mixed-Methods InvestigationWen Fan, Yue Qian, and Yongai Jin3 Exposure, Perceived risk, and Psychological Distress among General Population during Wuhan’s LockdownsYujun Liu, Linping Liu, and Zhilei Shi4 Changing Trends of Mental and Behavioral Responses and Associations: A Panel StudyXiaozhao Yousef Yang, Sihui Peng, Tingzhong Yang, and Randall R. Cottrell5 Effects of Changes in Physical and Sedentary Behaviors on Mental Health and Life SatisfactionXi Chen, Haiyan Gao, Binbin Shu, and Yuchun Zou6 Food Insecurity and Mental Health during Shanghai’s LockdownsGuanghua Han and Yida ZhaiPart II. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children, Fertility, and Family7 Introduction to the Family SectionCary Wu8 Vulnerability and Resilience during COVID-19: Family Resources and Children’s Psychological Well-beingRuochen Zhang, Yao Lu, and Haifeng Du9 Family-mediated Migration Infrastructure: Chinese International Students and Parents Navigating (Im)mobilitiesYang Hu, Cora Lingling Xu, and Mengwei Tu10 The Impact of Covid-19 on Fertility Intentions: Empirical Evidence from China’s Covid-19 EpicenterMin Zhou and Wei Guo11 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Fertility Intentions under the Three-Child PolicyZhilei Shi and Xi Shao12 Who is Exercising at Home? Unequal Exercise Patterns during COVID-19Chloe SherPart III. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Income, Employment, and Consumption13 Introduction to the Economic SectionYida Zhai14 China’s Dynamic Covid-Zero Policy and the Chinese EconomyKerry Liu15 Who Loses Income during the COVID-19 Outbreak?Yue Qian and Wen Fan16 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Wages and Household Income in Poor Rural ChinaWenjin Long, Junxia Zeng, and Tongquan Sun17 Precarity and Mobility: Chinese Female Migrant Labor under the Shadow of COVID-19Lu Zhang18 The Impact of the COVID‑19 Pandemic on Chinese Households’ Housing ConsumptionChunyan He, Jinlu Lv, Ding Li, and Siyu WuPart IV. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Life19 Introduction to the Social SectionCary Wu20 How Did Wuhan Residents Cope with a 76-day Lockdown?Yue Qian and Amy Hanser21 Interdependent Care: Collective Disability Care Networks in China’s COVID-19 OutbreakShixin Huang22 State-crafted Social Capital and Policy Compliance: China’s Zero-COVID GovernanceTianye Jin, Karl Yan, Haojiu Liu, and Angran Li23 Surveillance as Solution in Pandemic-era ChinaJun Liu and Hui Zhao24 Social Capital and COVID-19 in China: Forms, Levels, and Contextual DynamicsCary WuPart V. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Media and Information Manipulation25 Introduction to the Media SectionYida Zhai26 Framing Pandemics: Continuities and Challenges in China’s Outbound Crisis CommunicationZhan Zhang27 Shaping Nationalism: Media Use and Trust in ChinaDechun Zhang and Yuji Xu28 A Discourse Study of Weibo Nationalist Responses to Fang Fang’s Wuhan Lockdown DiaryShiru Wang, Daan Wang, and Yuk Tai Siu29 “We Should All Be Grateful to President Xi and the Party”: Continuity and Changes of Chinese Government DiscourseJason Cong Lin30 Pandemic and Memory: Online Memory Narratives of COVID-19 SurvivorsYi YangPart VI. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Legitimacy and Governance31 Introduction to the Political SectionYida Zhai32 China’s Zero-COVID Campaign and the Body PoliticDali L. Yang33 Domestic Contestation, International Backlash, and Authoritarian Resilience: How the Chinese Party-state Weathered the COVID-19 Crisis?Xiangfeng Yang34 Embedded Authoritarianism in the Xi Era: China’s COVID-19 ResponseStefanie Kam35 The Rally Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic and the White Paper MovementYue Guan, Lei Guang, Lianjiang Li, and Yanchuan Liu36 Affective Lockdown: Administrative Chaos and Informal RepairingYan Long and Wei Luo37 The Political Logic of China’s Zero-COVID PolicyYida ZhaiIndex