QIHAO WENG, Ph.D., IEEE Fellow, is the Director of the Center for Urban and Environmental Change and a Professor at Indiana State University. He worked as a Senior Fellow at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center from 2008 to 2009. Weng is currently an Editor-in-Chief of ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, and the Lead of GEO Global Urban Observation and Information Initiative.

• Preface ixSynopsis of the Book xiiiAcknowledgments xviiAbout the Author xix1 Urban Mapping Requirements 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Spectral Resolution Requirement 31.3 Temporal Resolution Requirement 61.4 Spatial Resolution Requirement 71.5 Linear Spectral Mixture Analysis of Urban Landscape 91.6 Summary 25References 262 The Scale Issue 332.1 Introduction 332.2 Urban Land Mapping and Categorical Scale 342.3 Observational Scale and Image Scene Models 362.4 Operational Scale 402.5 Scale Dependency of Urban Phenomena 412.6 Summary 46References 473 Building Extraction and Classification 553.1 Introduction 553.2 Building Reconstruction 563.3 Building Classification 64References 664 Estimation and Mapping of Impervious Surfaces 694.1 Introduction 694.2 Methods for Impervious Surface Extraction 704.3 Case Studies 724.4 Summary 85References 855 Land Surface Temperature Data Generation 915.1 Introduction 915.2 Generating Daily Land Surface Temperature by Data Fusion 955.3 Reconstructing Consistent LSTs at Landsat Resolution 111References 1216 Urban Heat Islands Modeling and Analysis 1296.1 Introduction 1296.2 Characterizing UHIs Using a Convolution Model 1306.3 Object‐Based Extraction of Hot Spots 138References 1467 Estimation of Urban Surface Energy Fluxes 1517.1 Introduction 1517.2 Data and Methodology 1547.3 Heat Fluxes in Four Seasons 1607.4 Heat Fluxes by LULC Type 1627.5 Extreme Values of Heat Fluxes 1647.6 Anthropogenic Heat Discharge 1667.7 Summary 167References 1698 Cities at Night 1758.1 Introduction 1758.2 Detecting Urban Extent Changes 1778.3 Spatiotemporal Pattern of Energy Consumption in United States and China 185References 1979 Urban Runoff Modeling and Prediction 2019.1 Introduction 2019.2 Estimating Composite CN and Simulating Urban Surface Runoff 2059.3 Surface Water Quality and Urban Land‐Cover Changes 212References 22710 Urban Ecology of West Nile Virus 23310.1 Introduction 23310.2 Research Background 23510.3 Effect of Landscape and Socioeconomic Conditions on WNV Dissemination in Chicago 23610.4 WNV‐Risk Areas in Southern California, 2007–2009 247References 26011 Impacts of Urbanization on Land Surface Temperature and Water Quality 26711.1 Introduction 26711.2 Impact of Urbanization‐Induced Land‐Use and Land‐Cover Change on LST 26911.3 Simulating the Impacts of Future Land‐Use and Climate Changes on Surface Water Quality 28311.4 Summary 299References 30012 Remote Sensing of Socioeconomic Attributes 30712.1 Introduction 30712.2 Population Estimation Using Landsat ETM+ Imagery 31212.3 Assessing Urban Environmental Quality Change 322References 337Index 343

QIHAO WENG, Ph.D., IEEE Fellow, is the Director of the Center for Urban and Environmental Change and a Professor at Indiana State University. He worked as a Senior Fellow at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center from 2008 to 2009. Weng is currently an Editor-in-Chief of ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, and the Lead of GEO Global Urban Observation and Information Initiative.

• Preface ixSynopsis of the Book xiiiAcknowledgments xviiAbout the Author xix1 Urban Mapping Requirements 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Spectral Resolution Requirement 31.3 Temporal Resolution Requirement 61.4 Spatial Resolution Requirement 71.5 Linear Spectral Mixture Analysis of Urban Landscape 91.6 Summary 25References 262 The Scale Issue 332.1 Introduction 332.2 Urban Land Mapping and Categorical Scale 342.3 Observational Scale and Image Scene Models 362.4 Operational Scale 402.5 Scale Dependency of Urban Phenomena 412.6 Summary 46References 473 Building Extraction and Classification 553.1 Introduction 553.2 Building Reconstruction 563.3 Building Classification 64References 664 Estimation and Mapping of Impervious Surfaces 694.1 Introduction 694.2 Methods for Impervious Surface Extraction 704.3 Case Studies 724.4 Summary 85References 855 Land Surface Temperature Data Generation 915.1 Introduction 915.2 Generating Daily Land Surface Temperature by Data Fusion 955.3 Reconstructing Consistent LSTs at Landsat Resolution 111References 1216 Urban Heat Islands Modeling and Analysis 1296.1 Introduction 1296.2 Characterizing UHIs Using a Convolution Model 1306.3 Object‐Based Extraction of Hot Spots 138References 1467 Estimation of Urban Surface Energy Fluxes 1517.1 Introduction 1517.2 Data and Methodology 1547.3 Heat Fluxes in Four Seasons 1607.4 Heat Fluxes by LULC Type 1627.5 Extreme Values of Heat Fluxes 1647.6 Anthropogenic Heat Discharge 1667.7 Summary 167References 1698 Cities at Night 1758.1 Introduction 1758.2 Detecting Urban Extent Changes 1778.3 Spatiotemporal Pattern of Energy Consumption in United States and China 185References 1979 Urban Runoff Modeling and Prediction 2019.1 Introduction 2019.2 Estimating Composite CN and Simulating Urban Surface Runoff 2059.3 Surface Water Quality and Urban Land‐Cover Changes 212References 22710 Urban Ecology of West Nile Virus 23310.1 Introduction 23310.2 Research Background 23510.3 Effect of Landscape and Socioeconomic Conditions on WNV Dissemination in Chicago 23610.4 WNV‐Risk Areas in Southern California, 2007–2009 247References 26011 Impacts of Urbanization on Land Surface Temperature and Water Quality 26711.1 Introduction 26711.2 Impact of Urbanization‐Induced Land‐Use and Land‐Cover Change on LST 26911.3 Simulating the Impacts of Future Land‐Use and Climate Changes on Surface Water Quality 28311.4 Summary 299References 30012 Remote Sensing of Socioeconomic Attributes 30712.1 Introduction 30712.2 Population Estimation Using Landsat ETM+ Imagery 31212.3 Assessing Urban Environmental Quality Change 322References 337Index 343

QIHAO WENG, Ph.D., IEEE Fellow, is the Director of the Center for Urban and Environmental Change and a Professor at Indiana State University. He worked as a Senior Fellow at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center from 2008 to 2009. Weng is currently an Editor-in-Chief of ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, and the Lead of GEO Global Urban Observation and Information Initiative.

• Preface ixSynopsis of the Book xiiiAcknowledgments xviiAbout the Author xix1 Urban Mapping Requirements 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Spectral Resolution Requirement 31.3 Temporal Resolution Requirement 61.4 Spatial Resolution Requirement 71.5 Linear Spectral Mixture Analysis of Urban Landscape 91.6 Summary 25References 262 The Scale Issue 332.1 Introduction 332.2 Urban Land Mapping and Categorical Scale 342.3 Observational Scale and Image Scene Models 362.4 Operational Scale 402.5 Scale Dependency of Urban Phenomena 412.6 Summary 46References 473 Building Extraction and Classification 553.1 Introduction 553.2 Building Reconstruction 563.3 Building Classification 64References 664 Estimation and Mapping of Impervious Surfaces 694.1 Introduction 694.2 Methods for Impervious Surface Extraction 704.3 Case Studies 724.4 Summary 85References 855 Land Surface Temperature Data Generation 915.1 Introduction 915.2 Generating Daily Land Surface Temperature by Data Fusion 955.3 Reconstructing Consistent LSTs at Landsat Resolution 111References 1216 Urban Heat Islands Modeling and Analysis 1296.1 Introduction 1296.2 Characterizing UHIs Using a Convolution Model 1306.3 Object‐Based Extraction of Hot Spots 138References 1467 Estimation of Urban Surface Energy Fluxes 1517.1 Introduction 1517.2 Data and Methodology 1547.3 Heat Fluxes in Four Seasons 1607.4 Heat Fluxes by LULC Type 1627.5 Extreme Values of Heat Fluxes 1647.6 Anthropogenic Heat Discharge 1667.7 Summary 167References 1698 Cities at Night 1758.1 Introduction 1758.2 Detecting Urban Extent Changes 1778.3 Spatiotemporal Pattern of Energy Consumption in United States and China 185References 1979 Urban Runoff Modeling and Prediction 2019.1 Introduction 2019.2 Estimating Composite CN and Simulating Urban Surface Runoff 2059.3 Surface Water Quality and Urban Land‐Cover Changes 212References 22710 Urban Ecology of West Nile Virus 23310.1 Introduction 23310.2 Research Background 23510.3 Effect of Landscape and Socioeconomic Conditions on WNV Dissemination in Chicago 23610.4 WNV‐Risk Areas in Southern California, 2007–2009 247References 26011 Impacts of Urbanization on Land Surface Temperature and Water Quality 26711.1 Introduction 26711.2 Impact of Urbanization‐Induced Land‐Use and Land‐Cover Change on LST 26911.3 Simulating the Impacts of Future Land‐Use and Climate Changes on Surface Water Quality 28311.4 Summary 299References 30012 Remote Sensing of Socioeconomic Attributes 30712.1 Introduction 30712.2 Population Estimation Using Landsat ETM+ Imagery 31212.3 Assessing Urban Environmental Quality Change 322References 337Index 343