Respiratory System at a Glance

Professor Jeremy P.T. Ward is Professor of Respiratory Cell Physiology and Head of the Department of Physiology at King's College London. Dr Jane Ward is formerly Senior Lecturer in the Department of Physiology, King's College London. Dr Richard M. Leach is Consultant Physician and Honorary Senior Lecturer, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital Trust and King's College London School of Medicine.

• Preface to fourth edition viiUnits and symbols ixList of abbreviations xiAbout the companion website xiiiPart 1 Structure and function 11 Structure of the respiratory system: lungs, airways and dead space 22 The thoracic cage and respiratory muscles 43 Pressures and volumes during normal breathing 64 Gas laws 85 Diffusion 106 Lung mechanics: elastic forces 127 Lung mechanics: airway resistance 148 Carriage of oxygen 169 Carriage of carbon dioxide 1810 Acid–base balance 2011 Acid–base disorders 2212 Control of breathing I: chemical mechanisms 2413 Control of breathing II: neural mechanisms 2614 Pulmonary circulation and anatomical right-to-left shunts 2815 Ventilation–perfusion mismatching 3016 Exercise, altitude and diving 3217 Development of the respiratory system and birth 3418 Complications of development and congenital disease 3619 Lung defence mechanisms 3820 Immunology of the lung 40Part 2 History, examination and investigation 4321 History and examination 4422 Pulmonary function tests 4623 Chest imaging and bronchoscopy 48Part 3 Diseases and treatment 5124 Public health and smoking 5225 Respiratory failure 5426 Asthma: pathophysiology 5627 Asthma: treatment 5828 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6029 Pulmonary hypertension 6230 Venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism 6431 Pulmonary involvement in vasculitis 6632 Diffuse parenchymal (interstitial) lung diseases 6833 Sarcoidosis 7034 Pleural diseases 7235 Occupational and environmental-related lung disease 7436 Cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis 7637 Pneumothorax 7838 Community-acquired pneumonia 8039 Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia 8240 Pulmonary tuberculosis 8441 The immune-compromised patient 8642 Lung cancer 8843 Acute respiratory distress syndrome 9044 Mechanical ventilation 9245 Oxygenation and oxygen therapy 9446 Sleep apnoea 96Index 98