W. Dirk Raat is Professor Emeritus, State University of New York (SUNY) Fredonia, New York, and Professor Emeritus, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. He has taught Mexican, Latin American, and Indigenous history for 34 years, and has published eight books and numerous articles and essays on the history of Mexico and Mexico-U.S. relations.

"This book would be particularly useful to undergraduates seeking an introduction to the field of Indigenous studies, genocide studies, or western history."—Journal of Arizona History, Volume 64, Number 4, Winter 2023

• Illustrations ixMaps xForeword xiPreface xvPrologue: Indigenous People in a Global Context Myth, Struggle and Survival xxivPart I Slavery and Removal in California and the Far West 11 Lincoln, Free Soil and Frémont: The Emancipation Proclamation and Indian Slavery 3Commentary: Lincoln and the Pueblos 262 Numu (Paiute) Wanderings, Trails, and Tears 27Commentary: The Military and the Boarding School 543 Great Basin Tribal Politics: Western Shoshones, Southern Paiutes, and Colorado Utes 63Part II The Arizona–Sonoran Experience 674 The Long Walk of the Navajos 69Commentary: The Hopi–Navajo Land Controversy 975 Death of Mangas Coloradas, Chiricahua “Renegades,” and Apache Prisoners of War 1056 Treasure Hunters Hunting Deer Hunters: Yavapai and Apache Gold 1337 With Friends like These: The O’odham Water Controversy 157Commentary: Mormons and Lamanites 183Part III From Removal (Ethnic Cleansing) to Genocide 1898 From Battle to Massacre on the Bear River 1919 Slaying the Deer Slayers in Mexico: The Yaqui Experience 22210 Epilogue: After Relocation, from Geronimo to Houser 247Notes 270For Further Reading 341Acknowledgments 350Index 355

W. Dirk Raat is Professor Emeritus, State University of New York (SUNY) Fredonia, New York, and Professor Emeritus, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. He has taught Mexican, Latin American, and Indigenous history for 34 years, and has published eight books and numerous articles and essays on the history of Mexico and Mexico-U.S. relations.

"This book would be particularly useful to undergraduates seeking an introduction to the field of Indigenous studies, genocide studies, or western history."—Journal of Arizona History, Volume 64, Number 4, Winter 2023

• Illustrations ixMaps xForeword xiPreface xvPrologue: Indigenous People in a Global Context Myth, Struggle and Survival xxivPart I Slavery and Removal in California and the Far West 11 Lincoln, Free Soil and Frémont: The Emancipation Proclamation and Indian Slavery 3Commentary: Lincoln and the Pueblos 262 Numu (Paiute) Wanderings, Trails, and Tears 27Commentary: The Military and the Boarding School 543 Great Basin Tribal Politics: Western Shoshones, Southern Paiutes, and Colorado Utes 63Part II The Arizona–Sonoran Experience 674 The Long Walk of the Navajos 69Commentary: The Hopi–Navajo Land Controversy 975 Death of Mangas Coloradas, Chiricahua “Renegades,” and Apache Prisoners of War 1056 Treasure Hunters Hunting Deer Hunters: Yavapai and Apache Gold 1337 With Friends like These: The O’odham Water Controversy 157Commentary: Mormons and Lamanites 183Part III From Removal (Ethnic Cleansing) to Genocide 1898 From Battle to Massacre on the Bear River 1919 Slaying the Deer Slayers in Mexico: The Yaqui Experience 22210 Epilogue: After Relocation, from Geronimo to Houser 247Notes 270For Further Reading 341Acknowledgments 350Index 355

W. Dirk Raat is Professor Emeritus, State University of New York (SUNY) Fredonia, New York, and Professor Emeritus, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. He has taught Mexican, Latin American, and Indigenous history for 34 years, and has published eight books and numerous articles and essays on the history of Mexico and Mexico-U.S. relations.

"This book would be particularly useful to undergraduates seeking an introduction to the field of Indigenous studies, genocide studies, or western history."—Journal of Arizona History, Volume 64, Number 4, Winter 2023

• Illustrations ixMaps xForeword xiPreface xvPrologue: Indigenous People in a Global Context Myth, Struggle and Survival xxivPart I Slavery and Removal in California and the Far West 11 Lincoln, Free Soil and Frémont: The Emancipation Proclamation and Indian Slavery 3Commentary: Lincoln and the Pueblos 262 Numu (Paiute) Wanderings, Trails, and Tears 27Commentary: The Military and the Boarding School 543 Great Basin Tribal Politics: Western Shoshones, Southern Paiutes, and Colorado Utes 63Part II The Arizona–Sonoran Experience 674 The Long Walk of the Navajos 69Commentary: The Hopi–Navajo Land Controversy 975 Death of Mangas Coloradas, Chiricahua “Renegades,” and Apache Prisoners of War 1056 Treasure Hunters Hunting Deer Hunters: Yavapai and Apache Gold 1337 With Friends like These: The O’odham Water Controversy 157Commentary: Mormons and Lamanites 183Part III From Removal (Ethnic Cleansing) to Genocide 1898 From Battle to Massacre on the Bear River 1919 Slaying the Deer Slayers in Mexico: The Yaqui Experience 22210 Epilogue: After Relocation, from Geronimo to Houser 247Notes 270For Further Reading 341Acknowledgments 350Index 355