John Webster, MA, Vet MB, PhD, DVM (Hon), is a retired Professor of Animal Husbandry at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. He established the Bristol Unit for Study of Animal Welfare and Behavior and is a founding member of the UK Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC).Published as a part of the prestigious Wiley Blackwell - UFAW Animal Welfare series. UFAW, founded in 1926, is an internationally recognized, independent, scientific, and educational animal welfare charity.For full details of all titles available in the series, please visit our website at www.wiley.com/go/ufaw.

• About the Author xiPreface xiiiAcknowledgements and Apologies xvPart 1 The Sentient Mind: Skills and Strategies 11 Setting the Scene 3Human Attitudes to Animals 5Animal Behaviour Science 7Rules of Engagement 92 Sentience and the Sentient Mind 13Sentience, Consciousness and the Mind 14The Five Skandhas of Sentience 14Understanding the Sentient Mind 17Pain and Suffering 21Fear and Dread 23Coping with Challenge: Stress and Boredom 24Social Life 26Comfort and Joy 28Hope and Despair 29Sex and Love 29Summary 303 Special Senses and Their Interpretation 32Vision 33Hearing 35Smell and Taste 36Cutaneous Sensation, Touch 37Magnetoreception 38Interpreting the Special Senses 38Theory of Mind, or Metarepresentation 40Summary 414 Survival Strategies 42Foraging 43Hunting Behaviour: The Predator and the Prey 48Spatial Awareness and Navigation 50Breeding Behaviour and Parental Care 525 Social Strategies 55Sentient Social Life 57Social Hierarchies: The Pecking Order 58Communication 59Cooperation and Empathy 60Social Learning, Education and Culture 61Territorial Behaviour and Tribalism 62Part 2 Shaping Sentient Minds: Adaptation to the Environment 656 Animals of the Waters 67Pain and Fear 69Survival Skills: Hunting, Hiding and Problem Solving 71Migration 72Communication and Social Behaviour 747 Animals of the Air 77Feeding Strategies 78Migration 80Sentience and Breeding Behaviour 82Social Behaviour, Culture and Education 83Bats 848 Animals of the Savannah and Plains 86Environmental Challenges 87Animals of the Open Plains 88Sheep 88Goats 90Cattle 91Wild Bovidae 92Feral Horses 93Elephants 93Predators 969 Animals of the Forest 97The Boreal Forest 97Cervidae 98Beavers 100Bears 101The Tropical Rain Forests 102Snakes 103Primates 10410 Close Neighbours 106History of Domestication 107Artificial Selection and Unnatural Breeding 108Domestication, Sentience and Wellbeing 109Pigs 110Dogs 113Cats 114Dairy Cows 115Horses and Donkeys 118Chickens 121Opportunist Neighbours: Rats and Urban Foxes 123Coda 124Part 3 Why it matters: Nature’s Social Union 12511 Our Duty of Care 127Sentience Revisited 128Outcome-basedEthics 131Death and Killing 133Farms, Farmed Animals and Food 135Animals in Laboratories 136Wild Animals in Captivity 138Animals in Sport and Entertainment 140Pets 143What can We Learn from the Animals? 144Further Reading 147General Reading 151Index 152

John Webster, MA, Vet MB, PhD, DVM (Hon), is a retired Professor of Animal Husbandry at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. He established the Bristol Unit for Study of Animal Welfare and Behavior and is a founding member of the UK Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC).Published as a part of the prestigious Wiley Blackwell - UFAW Animal Welfare series. UFAW, founded in 1926, is an internationally recognized, independent, scientific, and educational animal welfare charity.For full details of all titles available in the series, please visit our website at www.wiley.com/go/ufaw.

• About the Author xiPreface xiiiAcknowledgements and Apologies xvPart 1 The Sentient Mind: Skills and Strategies 11 Setting the Scene 3Human Attitudes to Animals 5Animal Behaviour Science 7Rules of Engagement 92 Sentience and the Sentient Mind 13Sentience, Consciousness and the Mind 14The Five Skandhas of Sentience 14Understanding the Sentient Mind 17Pain and Suffering 21Fear and Dread 23Coping with Challenge: Stress and Boredom 24Social Life 26Comfort and Joy 28Hope and Despair 29Sex and Love 29Summary 303 Special Senses and Their Interpretation 32Vision 33Hearing 35Smell and Taste 36Cutaneous Sensation, Touch 37Magnetoreception 38Interpreting the Special Senses 38Theory of Mind, or Metarepresentation 40Summary 414 Survival Strategies 42Foraging 43Hunting Behaviour: The Predator and the Prey 48Spatial Awareness and Navigation 50Breeding Behaviour and Parental Care 525 Social Strategies 55Sentient Social Life 57Social Hierarchies: The Pecking Order 58Communication 59Cooperation and Empathy 60Social Learning, Education and Culture 61Territorial Behaviour and Tribalism 62Part 2 Shaping Sentient Minds: Adaptation to the Environment 656 Animals of the Waters 67Pain and Fear 69Survival Skills: Hunting, Hiding and Problem Solving 71Migration 72Communication and Social Behaviour 747 Animals of the Air 77Feeding Strategies 78Migration 80Sentience and Breeding Behaviour 82Social Behaviour, Culture and Education 83Bats 848 Animals of the Savannah and Plains 86Environmental Challenges 87Animals of the Open Plains 88Sheep 88Goats 90Cattle 91Wild Bovidae 92Feral Horses 93Elephants 93Predators 969 Animals of the Forest 97The Boreal Forest 97Cervidae 98Beavers 100Bears 101The Tropical Rain Forests 102Snakes 103Primates 10410 Close Neighbours 106History of Domestication 107Artificial Selection and Unnatural Breeding 108Domestication, Sentience and Wellbeing 109Pigs 110Dogs 113Cats 114Dairy Cows 115Horses and Donkeys 118Chickens 121Opportunist Neighbours: Rats and Urban Foxes 123Coda 124Part 3 Why it matters: Nature’s Social Union 12511 Our Duty of Care 127Sentience Revisited 128Outcome-basedEthics 131Death and Killing 133Farms, Farmed Animals and Food 135Animals in Laboratories 136Wild Animals in Captivity 138Animals in Sport and Entertainment 140Pets 143What can We Learn from the Animals? 144Further Reading 147General Reading 151Index 152

John Webster, MA, Vet MB, PhD, DVM (Hon), is a retired Professor of Animal Husbandry at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. He established the Bristol Unit for Study of Animal Welfare and Behavior and is a founding member of the UK Farm Animal Welfare Council (FAWC).Published as a part of the prestigious Wiley Blackwell - UFAW Animal Welfare series. UFAW, founded in 1926, is an internationally recognized, independent, scientific, and educational animal welfare charity.For full details of all titles available in the series, please visit our website at www.wiley.com/go/ufaw.

• About the Author xiPreface xiiiAcknowledgements and Apologies xvPart 1 The Sentient Mind: Skills and Strategies 11 Setting the Scene 3Human Attitudes to Animals 5Animal Behaviour Science 7Rules of Engagement 92 Sentience and the Sentient Mind 13Sentience, Consciousness and the Mind 14The Five Skandhas of Sentience 14Understanding the Sentient Mind 17Pain and Suffering 21Fear and Dread 23Coping with Challenge: Stress and Boredom 24Social Life 26Comfort and Joy 28Hope and Despair 29Sex and Love 29Summary 303 Special Senses and Their Interpretation 32Vision 33Hearing 35Smell and Taste 36Cutaneous Sensation, Touch 37Magnetoreception 38Interpreting the Special Senses 38Theory of Mind, or Metarepresentation 40Summary 414 Survival Strategies 42Foraging 43Hunting Behaviour: The Predator and the Prey 48Spatial Awareness and Navigation 50Breeding Behaviour and Parental Care 525 Social Strategies 55Sentient Social Life 57Social Hierarchies: The Pecking Order 58Communication 59Cooperation and Empathy 60Social Learning, Education and Culture 61Territorial Behaviour and Tribalism 62Part 2 Shaping Sentient Minds: Adaptation to the Environment 656 Animals of the Waters 67Pain and Fear 69Survival Skills: Hunting, Hiding and Problem Solving 71Migration 72Communication and Social Behaviour 747 Animals of the Air 77Feeding Strategies 78Migration 80Sentience and Breeding Behaviour 82Social Behaviour, Culture and Education 83Bats 848 Animals of the Savannah and Plains 86Environmental Challenges 87Animals of the Open Plains 88Sheep 88Goats 90Cattle 91Wild Bovidae 92Feral Horses 93Elephants 93Predators 969 Animals of the Forest 97The Boreal Forest 97Cervidae 98Beavers 100Bears 101The Tropical Rain Forests 102Snakes 103Primates 10410 Close Neighbours 106History of Domestication 107Artificial Selection and Unnatural Breeding 108Domestication, Sentience and Wellbeing 109Pigs 110Dogs 113Cats 114Dairy Cows 115Horses and Donkeys 118Chickens 121Opportunist Neighbours: Rats and Urban Foxes 123Coda 124Part 3 Why it matters: Nature’s Social Union 12511 Our Duty of Care 127Sentience Revisited 128Outcome-basedEthics 131Death and Killing 133Farms, Farmed Animals and Food 135Animals in Laboratories 136Wild Animals in Captivity 138Animals in Sport and Entertainment 140Pets 143What can We Learn from the Animals? 144Further Reading 147General Reading 151Index 152