Application of Nanotechnology in Mining Processes

Elvis Fosso-Kankeu has a doctorate degree from the University of Johannesburg in South Africa. He is currently a Full Professor in the School of Chemical and Mineral Engineering at the North-West University in South Africa. His research focuses on the prediction of pollutants dispersion from industrial areas, and on the development of effective and sustainable methods for the removal of inorganic and organic pollutants from polluted water. He has published more than 200 publications including journal articles, books (3 are with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint), book chapters, and conference proceedings papers.Martin Mkandawire is a professor of solid-state chemistry in the School of Science and Technology and former Industrial Research Chair for Mine Water Management at Cape Breton University, Nova Scotia, Canada. Before joining Cape Breton University in 2012, he was based at Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany for 20 years. He serves on a few research foundations in Europe, Asia, South and North America, and Africa. He is the author of Ecowriting: Advice to ESL on Effective Scientific Writing in Environmental Science and Engineering. Bhekie Mamba is the Executive Dean of the College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa since January 2017. He previously served as the director of the Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (NanoWS) research unit at the University of South Africa. Prof. Mamba has published more than 250 journal papers, about 12 technical reports, and over 50 conference proceedings.

• Preface xiii1 Modified Dendrimer Nanoparticles for Effective and Sustainable Recovery of Rare Earth Element from Acid Rock Drainage 1Anyik John Leo, Innocentia Gugulethu Erdogan,  Frans B. Waanders, Martin Mkandawire, Thabo T.I Nkambule, Bhekie B. Mamba and Elvis Fosso-Kankeu1.1 Introduction 21.2 Rare-Earth Element Occurrence in Acid Mine Drainage 101.3 Dendrimer as Extraction Agent of Rare Earth Element in AMD 171.4 Designed a Recovery System for REE from AMD 211.5 Challenges and Opportunities for the Future of Metal Mining 241.6 Conclusion 252 Cellulose-Based Nanomaterials for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage-Contaminated Waters 33Thato M. Masilompane, Hlanganani Tutu and Anita Etale2.1 Introduction 342.2 Cellulose 362.3 Synthesis of CNFs and CNCs 392.4 Cellulose Composites 502.5 Valorization of AMD-Contaminated Water and the Possible Uses of Recovered Elements 532.6 Conclusion 563 Application of Nanomaterials for Remediation of Pollutants from Mine Water Effluents 67Ephraim Vunain3.1 Introduction 683.2 Existing Treatment Methods of Mine Water and Their Limitations 703.3 Nanoremediation of Mine Water 713.4 Application of Nanomaterials for Mine Water Remediation 733.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 814 Application of Nanofiltration in Mine-Influenced Water Treatment: A Review with a Focus on South Africa 91Frédéric Jules Doucet, Gloria Dube, Sameera Mohamed, Sisanda Gcasamba, Henk Coetzee and Viswanath Ravi Kumar Vadapalli4.1 Introduction 934.2 Nanofiltration for Mine-Influenced Water Treatment 974.3 Large-Scale Operations Using Nanofiltration or Reverse Osmosis 1284.4 Some Perspectives and Research Directions 1365 Recovery of Gold from Thiosulfate Leaching Solutions with Magnetic Nanoparticles 153N.D. Ilankoon and C. Aldrich5.1 Introduction 1545.2 Recovery of Precious Metals with Magnetic Nanohydrometallurgy 1565.3 Synthesis and Functionalization of Magnetic Nanoparticles 1665.4 Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticles 1705.5 Recovery of Gold from Thiosulfate Leaching Solutions 1755.6 Gold Elution and Reuse of the Adsorbent 1815.7 Industrial Scale-Up and Challenges 1825.8 Environmental Concerns and Toxicity of MNPs 1866 Recovery of Na2CO3 and Nano CaCO3 from Na2SO4 and CaSO4 Wastes 197Conny P. Mokgohloa, Johannes P. Maree, David S. van Vuuren, Kwena D. Modibane,  Munyaradzi Mujuru and Malose P. Mokhonoana6.1 Introduction 1986.2 Literature Survey 2006.3 Materials and Methods 2096.4 Results and Discussion 2116.5 Conclusions 2327 Recovery of Drinking Water and Nanosized Fe2O3Pigment from Iron Rich Acid Mine Water 237Tumelo Monty Mogashane, Johannes Philippus Maree, Leny Letjiane, Vhahangwele Masindi, Kwena Desmomd Modibane, Munyaradzi Mujuru and Mabel Mamasegare Mphahlele-Makgwane7.1 Introduction 2387.2 Literature Review 2437.3 Materials and Methods 2477.4 Results and Discussion 2537.5 Conclusion 2837.6 Recommendation 2848 Advances of Nanotechnology Applications in Mineral Froth Flotation Technology 289Madzokere Tatenda Crispen, Nheta Willie and Gumbochuma Sheunopa8.1 Introduction to Froth Flotation 2908.2 Current Developments of Nanotechnology in the Mineral Froth Flotation Process 2918.4 Current Research Gaps 3198.5 Conclusion 3209 Nanoscale Materials for Mineral Froth Flotation: Synthesis and Implications of Nanoscale Material Design Strategies on Flotation Performance 327n, Gumbochuma Sheunopa, Mudono Stanford and Mamuse Antony9.1 Introduction 3289.2 Classification of Minerals 3299.3 Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoscale Materials 3379.4 Nanoflotation Reagents and Mineral Particle Interaction in the Flotation Environment 3409.5 Nanotoxicology 3479.6 Conclusion 348References 348Index 355