José Javier Olivas is a Fellow and Associate to LSE IDEAS and the Civil Society and Human Security Research Unit, at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is also Co-founder and Editor of Euro Crisis in the Press, as well as Director of the online voting and debate platform Netivist.

“The analysis of forms of control of the military in these two regimes is novel and makes a useful contribution to the existing literature. This book will be of interest to researchers concerned with the nature of civil-military relations in non-democratic and democratising regimes.” (Thomas O’Brien, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, February, 2016)

• PART I: AMBITIONS AND CHOICES 1. Civil-Military Relations and Policy Instruments 2. An Interdisciplinary Analytical Framework PART II: PORTUGAL 3. History of Contemporary Civil-Military Relations in Portugal 4. The Estado Novo's tools of Government 5. Tools of Government in the Portuguese Transition to Democracy PART III: SPAIN 6. History of Contemporary Civil-Military Relations in Spain 7. Francoist Tools of Government 8. Tools of Government in the Spanish Transition to Democracy PART IV: COMPARISONS AND EXPLANATIONS 9. Comparisons and Explanations 10. Conclusions

José Javier Olivas is a Fellow and Associate to LSE IDEAS and the Civil Society and Human Security Research Unit, at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is also Co-founder and Editor of Euro Crisis in the Press, as well as Director of the online voting and debate platform Netivist.

“The analysis of forms of control of the military in these two regimes is novel and makes a useful contribution to the existing literature. This book will be of interest to researchers concerned with the nature of civil-military relations in non-democratic and democratising regimes.” (Thomas O’Brien, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, February, 2016)

• PART I: AMBITIONS AND CHOICES 1. Civil-Military Relations and Policy Instruments 2. An Interdisciplinary Analytical Framework PART II: PORTUGAL 3. History of Contemporary Civil-Military Relations in Portugal 4. The Estado Novo's tools of Government 5. Tools of Government in the Portuguese Transition to Democracy PART III: SPAIN 6. History of Contemporary Civil-Military Relations in Spain 7. Francoist Tools of Government 8. Tools of Government in the Spanish Transition to Democracy PART IV: COMPARISONS AND EXPLANATIONS 9. Comparisons and Explanations 10. Conclusions

José Javier Olivas is a Fellow and Associate to LSE IDEAS and the Civil Society and Human Security Research Unit, at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He is also Co-founder and Editor of Euro Crisis in the Press, as well as Director of the online voting and debate platform Netivist.

“The analysis of forms of control of the military in these two regimes is novel and makes a useful contribution to the existing literature. This book will be of interest to researchers concerned with the nature of civil-military relations in non-democratic and democratising regimes.” (Thomas O’Brien, Journal of Contemporary European Studies, February, 2016)

• PART I: AMBITIONS AND CHOICES 1. Civil-Military Relations and Policy Instruments 2. An Interdisciplinary Analytical Framework PART II: PORTUGAL 3. History of Contemporary Civil-Military Relations in Portugal 4. The Estado Novo's tools of Government 5. Tools of Government in the Portuguese Transition to Democracy PART III: SPAIN 6. History of Contemporary Civil-Military Relations in Spain 7. Francoist Tools of Government 8. Tools of Government in the Spanish Transition to Democracy PART IV: COMPARISONS AND EXPLANATIONS 9. Comparisons and Explanations 10. Conclusions