Oliver Bakewell is Director of the International Migration Institute and Associate Professor at the Department of International Development, University of Oxford, UK.   Godfried Engbersen is Professor of General Sociology at the Erasmus University of Rotterdam (EUR), the Netherlands. He is Research Director of the Sociology Department and Director of the research group Citizenship, Migration & the City (CIMIC) of the EUR. His current research activities focus on irregular migration, transnational citizenship, social inequality and labour migration from Central and Eastern Europe.   Maria Lucinda Fonseca is Full Professor of Human Geography and Migration Studies at the Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning (IGOT), Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. She is also the coordinator of the Research Group MIGRARE - Migration, Spaces and Societies at the Centre for Geographical Studies (CEG) at the same institute. Cindy Horst is Research Professor in Migration and Refugee Studies at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway. Her current research interests include: mobility in conflict; diaspora; humanitarianism; refugee protection; transnational civic engagement; and theorizing on social transformation. She is particularly interested in methodological innovations that allow for critical and ethical conscious research engagement, through shared anthropology and multi-sited ethnography.

"Beyond Networks. Feedback in International Migration challenges conventional notions about migration systems and networks by enhancing our understanding of feedback-its direct and indirect effects, its narrow and broad reach, and how its early manifestations shape migratory patterns to come. Written in clear, accessible language, based on fieldwork in countries that are well studied and relatively unexplored, this book makes a welcome contribution to our understanding of the drivers and perpetuators of movement." - Peggy Levitt, Wellesley College, USA; European University Institute, Italy; Harvard University, USA

• 1. Introduction: Feedback in Migration Processes; Oliver Bakewell; Agnieszka Kubal; Sonia Pereira2. Exploring twelve migration corridors: rationale, methodology, and overview; Jørgen Carling; Dominique Jolivet3. New roles for social networks in migration? Assistance in Brazilian migration to Portugal and The Netherlands; Masja van Meeteren; Sonia Pereira4. Online Feedback in Migration Networks; Rianne Dekker; Godfried Engbersen; Marije Faber5. The impact of class on feedback mechanisms. Brazilian migration to Norway, Poland and the UK; Cindy Horst; Sonia Pereira; Olivia Sheringham6. The economic crisis as a feedback generating mechanism? Brazilian and Ukrainian migration to Portugal; Maria Lucinda Fonseca; Alina Esteves; Jennifer McGarrigle 7. From bridgeheads to gate closers. How migrant networks contribute to declining migration from Morocco to the Netherlands; Erik Snel; Godfried Engbersen; Marije Faber8. Making and breaking a chain: migrants' decisions about helping others migrate; Jørgen Carling 9. Broadcasting migration outcomes; Oliver Bakewell; Dominique Jolivet10. Migration mechanisms of the middle range. On the concept of reverse cumulative causation; Godfried Engbersen; Erik Snel; Alina Esteves11. Beyond networks: insights on feedback and mechanisms of the middle range; Godfried Engbersen; Erik Snel; Cindy Horst