Proportionality

Vicki C. Jackson is Thurgood Marshall Professor of Constitutional Law at Harvard Law School, Massachusetts. She is the author of Constitutional Engagement in a Transnational Era (2010), and co-author, with Mark Tushnet, of Comparative Constitutional Law (3rd edition, 2014) and Defining the Field of Comparative Constitutional Law (2002). She has served on the Advisory Board of Trustees, International Association of Women Judges and on the Executive Committee, International Association of Constitutional Law. Mark Tushnet is the William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, Massachusetts. He has served as a law clerk to Justice Thurgood Marshall of the US Supreme Court. His book on the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's (NAACP) campaign against segregated education won the Littleton-Griswold Prize from the American Historical Association. He was president of the Association of American Law Schools in 2003, and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Law Institute.

• Introduction Vicki C. Jackson and Mark Tushnet; Part l. Paradigms of Proportionality: 1. Proportionality and rationality Robert Alexy; 2. Proportionality outside the courts, with special reference to popular and political constitutionalism Frank I. Michelman; 3. Is the structure of human rights practice defensible? Three puzzles and their solution Mattias Kumm; 4. Proportionality and absolute rights Grégoire Webber; Part ll. Proportionality and the United States: 5. Constitutional law and proportionality: the administrative origins of constitutional rights and how they shaped global constitutionalism Moshe Cohen-Eliya and Iddo Porat; 6. US constitutional law, proportionality, and the global model Kai Moller; 7. Beyond proportionality: thinking comparatively about constitutional review and punitiveness Jacco Bomhoff; 8. Proportionality and equality Vicki C. Jackson; 9. Proportionality and stare decisis – proposal for a new structure Vlad Perju; Part lll. Extending the Reach of Proportionality and Equality: 10. Positive and horizontal rights: proportionality's next frontier or a bridge too far? Stephen Gardbaum; 11. Proportionality, reasonableness, and economic and social rights Katherine G. Young; 12. In praise of casuistry: making hard cases easier David Beatty; Part lV. Thoughts for the Future: Of Scepticism and Research Agendas: 13. Making easy cases harder Mark Tushnet; 14. A research agenda for the future Aharon Barak.