William A. Pettigrew is Reader, School of History at the University of Kent, UK. He was Junior Research Fellow and Tutor in History at Corpus Christi College, Oxford (2007–9). He has authored multiple peer-reviewed articles and a monograph entitled Freedom’s Debt: The Royal African Company and the Politics of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1672–1752 (2013).Mahesh Gopalan is Assistant Professor, Department of History at St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India. He has published articles in edited volumes on the history of the Indian Ocean and on the Jesuit Missions. He was recipient of the Charles Wallace Research Grant in 2014 and is currently working on a monograph.

• List of abbreviations Acknowledgement Introduction: The Different East India Companies and the Variety of Cross Cultural Interactions in the Corporate Setting Part I: The Regulatory Worlds of the East India Company 1.The Failure of the Cloth Trade to Surat and the Internationalisation of English Mercantilist Thought, 1614–1621 2. Asian influences on the Commercial Strategies of the English East India Company 3. The East India Company and the shift in Anglo-Indian Commercial Relations in the 1680s 4. Indian merchants, company protection and the development of the Bombay shipping pass regime Part II: Religion, Society, Ethnographic Reconnaissance, and Inter Cultural Encounters 5. ‘God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem’- The Religious Governance, Religious Sufferance and the Corporate Chaplain in India 1610-1701 6. Maritime Society in an Early Modern Port City: Negotiating family, religion and the English Company in Madras 7. Domesticity’ in Early Colonial Bengal 8. The Travellers’ tales: The Travel Writings of Itesamuddin and Abu Taleb Khan Part III: Diplomacy, Power, and the Company State - 222 – 322 9. Jahangir’s Paintings 10. The Contested State: Political Authority and the Decentred Foundations of the Early Modern Colonial State in Asia 11. Messing, caste, and resistance: the production of ‘jail-scapes’ and penal regimes in the early 1840s 12. A Case of Multiple Existences: The Loyal Bombay Purbaiya and his rebellious cousin in Bengal Index

William A. Pettigrew is Reader, School of History at the University of Kent, UK. He was Junior Research Fellow and Tutor in History at Corpus Christi College, Oxford (2007–9). He has authored multiple peer-reviewed articles and a monograph entitled Freedom’s Debt: The Royal African Company and the Politics of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1672–1752 (2013).Mahesh Gopalan is Assistant Professor, Department of History at St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India. He has published articles in edited volumes on the history of the Indian Ocean and on the Jesuit Missions. He was recipient of the Charles Wallace Research Grant in 2014 and is currently working on a monograph.

• List of abbreviations Acknowledgement Introduction: The Different East India Companies and the Variety of Cross Cultural Interactions in the Corporate Setting Part I: The Regulatory Worlds of the East India Company 1.The Failure of the Cloth Trade to Surat and the Internationalisation of English Mercantilist Thought, 1614–1621 2. Asian influences on the Commercial Strategies of the English East India Company 3. The East India Company and the shift in Anglo-Indian Commercial Relations in the 1680s 4. Indian merchants, company protection and the development of the Bombay shipping pass regime Part II: Religion, Society, Ethnographic Reconnaissance, and Inter Cultural Encounters 5. ‘God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem’- The Religious Governance, Religious Sufferance and the Corporate Chaplain in India 1610-1701 6. Maritime Society in an Early Modern Port City: Negotiating family, religion and the English Company in Madras 7. Domesticity’ in Early Colonial Bengal 8. The Travellers’ tales: The Travel Writings of Itesamuddin and Abu Taleb Khan Part III: Diplomacy, Power, and the Company State - 222 – 322 9. Jahangir’s Paintings 10. The Contested State: Political Authority and the Decentred Foundations of the Early Modern Colonial State in Asia 11. Messing, caste, and resistance: the production of ‘jail-scapes’ and penal regimes in the early 1840s 12. A Case of Multiple Existences: The Loyal Bombay Purbaiya and his rebellious cousin in Bengal Index

William A. Pettigrew is Reader, School of History at the University of Kent, UK. He was Junior Research Fellow and Tutor in History at Corpus Christi College, Oxford (2007–9). He has authored multiple peer-reviewed articles and a monograph entitled Freedom’s Debt: The Royal African Company and the Politics of the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1672–1752 (2013).Mahesh Gopalan is Assistant Professor, Department of History at St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India. He has published articles in edited volumes on the history of the Indian Ocean and on the Jesuit Missions. He was recipient of the Charles Wallace Research Grant in 2014 and is currently working on a monograph.

• List of abbreviations Acknowledgement Introduction: The Different East India Companies and the Variety of Cross Cultural Interactions in the Corporate Setting Part I: The Regulatory Worlds of the East India Company 1.The Failure of the Cloth Trade to Surat and the Internationalisation of English Mercantilist Thought, 1614–1621 2. Asian influences on the Commercial Strategies of the English East India Company 3. The East India Company and the shift in Anglo-Indian Commercial Relations in the 1680s 4. Indian merchants, company protection and the development of the Bombay shipping pass regime Part II: Religion, Society, Ethnographic Reconnaissance, and Inter Cultural Encounters 5. ‘God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem’- The Religious Governance, Religious Sufferance and the Corporate Chaplain in India 1610-1701 6. Maritime Society in an Early Modern Port City: Negotiating family, religion and the English Company in Madras 7. Domesticity’ in Early Colonial Bengal 8. The Travellers’ tales: The Travel Writings of Itesamuddin and Abu Taleb Khan Part III: Diplomacy, Power, and the Company State - 222 – 322 9. Jahangir’s Paintings 10. The Contested State: Political Authority and the Decentred Foundations of the Early Modern Colonial State in Asia 11. Messing, caste, and resistance: the production of ‘jail-scapes’ and penal regimes in the early 1840s 12. A Case of Multiple Existences: The Loyal Bombay Purbaiya and his rebellious cousin in Bengal Index