Authoritarianism and Democracy in Europe, 1919-39

GISÈLE DE MEUR Professor, Université Libre de Bruxelles, BelgiumSTEPHEN FISCHER-GALATI Professor Emeritus, Bradenton, USAJERZY HOLZER Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, PolandLAURI KARVONEN Professor, Department of Comparative Politics, Abo Academy, FinlandGERHARD KÜMMEL Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut der Bundeswehr, Strausberg, GermanySVEN QUENTER Former Research Assistant, Institute of Political Science, Marburg, GermanyTHOMAS SAALFELD Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Kent, CanterburyJOHN D. STEPHENS Department of Political Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel HillMARCO TARCHI Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Florence, ItalyMARK R. THOMPSON Professor, Universität Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyALLAN ZINK Former Research Assistant, Institute of Political Science, Marburg, Germany

• List of Tables List of Figures Notes on the Contributors Preface PART I Introduction: D.Berg-Schlosser PART II: HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL BACKGROUND The Heritage of the First World War; J.Holzer Building Nations and Crafting Democracies; M.Thompson Social Structural Dynamics; J.D.Stephens & G.Kümmel Sources of Authoritarianism in Eastern and Southeastern Europe; S.Fischer-Galati PART III: THE SOCIAL ARENA: MAJOR FORCES AND ACTORS Organized Interests and their Patterns of Interaction; A.Zink The Role of Fascist (and Similar) Movements; M.Tarchi PART IV: THE POLITICAL ARENA Electoral Systems, Party System Fragmentation and Government Instability; L.Karvonen & S.Quenter Political Institutions and Political Stability; J.Mitchell External Factors; G.Kümmel The Impact of the World Economic Crisis and Political Reactions; T.Saalfeld PART V: OVERALL COMPARISONS AND DYNAMIC ANALYSES Systematic Matching and Contrasting of Cases; G.De Meur & D.Berg-Schlosser Reduction of Complexity; D.Berg-Schlosser & G.De Meur Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analysis; D.Berg-Schlosser PART VI: CONCLUSIONS Implications for Theories of Democracy; D.Berg-Schlosser Appendix Bibliography Index