David Grundy teaches at Robinson College, University of Cambridge, UK.

Grundy has produced a notable contribution to the field of American literary and cultural studies not only in its attention to Umbra, but also in its attention to the complexities of how we approach and understand literary movements.

• AbbreviationsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Baraka, Umbra, and the Writing of Literary History1. “A Tale of Two Cities”: Umbra, Internationalism and the Death of Lumumba2. "Poems That Kill": Amiri Baraka's Magic Words3. "Space of a Nation": David Henderson Writes the City4. Language, Violence and "the Collective Mind" in Calvin C. Hernton5. "Home is Nowhere Where You Were Born": Calvin C. Hernton's "Medicine Man"6. "Return to English Turn": Tom Dent7. Memory and Myth in Lorenzo Thomas' "The Bathers"Conclusion: "If Our Heads are Harder"NotesBibliographyIndex

David Grundy teaches at Robinson College, University of Cambridge, UK.

Grundy has produced a notable contribution to the field of American literary and cultural studies not only in its attention to Umbra, but also in its attention to the complexities of how we approach and understand literary movements.

• AbbreviationsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Baraka, Umbra, and the Writing of Literary History1. “A Tale of Two Cities”: Umbra, Internationalism and the Death of Lumumba2. "Poems That Kill": Amiri Baraka's Magic Words3. "Space of a Nation": David Henderson Writes the City4. Language, Violence and "the Collective Mind" in Calvin C. Hernton5. "Home is Nowhere Where You Were Born": Calvin C. Hernton's "Medicine Man"6. "Return to English Turn": Tom Dent7. Memory and Myth in Lorenzo Thomas' "The Bathers"Conclusion: "If Our Heads are Harder"NotesBibliographyIndex

David Grundy teaches at Robinson College, University of Cambridge, UK.

Grundy has produced a notable contribution to the field of American literary and cultural studies not only in its attention to Umbra, but also in its attention to the complexities of how we approach and understand literary movements.

• AbbreviationsAcknowledgmentsIntroduction: Baraka, Umbra, and the Writing of Literary History1. “A Tale of Two Cities”: Umbra, Internationalism and the Death of Lumumba2. "Poems That Kill": Amiri Baraka's Magic Words3. "Space of a Nation": David Henderson Writes the City4. Language, Violence and "the Collective Mind" in Calvin C. Hernton5. "Home is Nowhere Where You Were Born": Calvin C. Hernton's "Medicine Man"6. "Return to English Turn": Tom Dent7. Memory and Myth in Lorenzo Thomas' "The Bathers"Conclusion: "If Our Heads are Harder"NotesBibliographyIndex