Internet of Vehicles

S. Neelakrishnan, PhD is a Professor and the Head of the Department of Automobile Engineering at the PSG College of Technology. He has been instrumental in the development of vocational programs for the automotive domain and set up 15 specialized state of the art laboratories in the automotive and textile domain. Niresh Jayarajan, PhD is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Automobile Engineering at the PSG College of Technology and a member of the Society of Automotive Engineers of India. His research interests include electric and hybrid vehicles, vehicle acoustics, and energy management systems. Malathy Sathyamoorthy, PhD is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Information Technology at the KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology. She has published more than 25 research papers in international journals, 22 papers in international conferences, eight book chapters, one book, and two patents. Her research interests include wireless sensor networks, networking, security, and machine learning. Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj, PhD is a Professor at Symbiosis International University. He has contributed more than 100 articles to international journals and conferences, authored and edited more than 50 books, and holds 21 patents. His research interests encompass machine learning, cyber-physical systems, and wireless sensor networks. Archana Naganathan, PhD is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at the PSG College of Technology and a member of the Institute of Engineers of India. Her research interests cover the areas of power electronics, optimisation techniques, and hybrid electric vehicles.

• Preface xxi1 Computational Intelligence and Internet of Vehicle Things: An Introduction 1Akshya. J., Sundarrajan M., Mani Deepak Choudhry, Kirubhakaran M. and Reeba Rose L.1.1 Introduction to Computational Intelligence in Internet of Vehicle Things 21.2 Evolution of Vehicle Communication and IoVT Frameworks 71.3 System Architecture for CI-Enabled IoVT Networks 111.4 Security, Privacy, and Trust Models in CI-Based IoVT 141.5 Performance Metrics and Benchmarking of CI-Driven IoVT Systems 171.6 Challenges and Future Trends in CI-Enabled IoVT 241.7 Conclusion and Research Directions 292 Internet of Things in Vehicular Technologies: Past, Present, and Future 35Divya Joshi, Hemlata Gangwar, Md. Wazih and Pradeep Kumar Sharma2.1 Introduction 362.2 The Past: Mechanical Vehicles to Early Electronic Systems 402.3 Current State of IoT in Vehicular Technologies 432.4 Current Framework and Design Issues of IoT 482.5 IoT-Enabled Applications in Vehicular Technologies 542.6 Security and Privacy Concerns 612.7 Emerging Technologies and Trends 672.8 Future Research Directions 752.9 Case Study 792.10 Conclusion 823 IoT-Based Network Architectures and Communication Protocols for UAV Communications 93Anusha N., Malini S. and P. Suresh3.1 Introduction 943.2 Classification of UAVs 973.3 IoT Architectures 1013.4 IoT Communication Protocols for UAV 1073.5 Conclusion 1174 Mobility as a Service (MaaS): A Paradigm Shift in Intelligent Transportation 121P. Keerthika, P. Suresh, R. Manjula Devi and S. Savitha4.1 Introduction 1224.2 Working of Intelligent Transport Systems 1244.3 Mobility as a Service in the Context of ITS 1254.4 Functional Components of MaaS 1284.5 Design Considerations for MaaS 1344.6 MaaS Payment Systems 1384.7 Technological Foundations of MaaS 1444.8 Future Trends and Innovations 1464.9 Conclusion 1485 Green Energy Solutions for Sustainable Vehicular Technologies 153Arpit Anil Panwar, Tamilselvan Ganesan, Desin Manan E., Dhanush R. and Niresh Jayarajan5.1 Introduction 1545.2 EV Charging: Standards and Protocols 1545.3 Alternative Energy Sources and Fuels 1555.4 Renewable Energy for Charging Infrastructure 1625.5 Conclusion 1696 Internet of Vehicle Things–Assisted Green Edge Computing: Path for Pollution Monitoring and Control 177D. Balaji, V. Bhuvanewari and M. Priyadharshini6.1 Introduction 1786.2 Monitoring and Detection 1826.3 Future Scope 1846.4 Conclusion 1977 Security and Privacy Issues in Vehicular Communication: A Blockchain-Based Approach 203S. Muthu Lakshmi, Malathy Sathyamoorthy, Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj and Mahmoud Ahmad Al-Khasawneh7.1 Overview of VC (V2V, V2I, V2X) and Its Role in Smart Transportation Systems 2047.2 Security and Privacy Challenges in VANETs 2057.3 Blockchain Overview 2067.4 Blockchain-Based Framework for VC 2117.5 Blockchain Use Cases in VC Systems 2157.6 Conclusion 2238 Regulatory Standards and Policies in Shaping IoVT with Computational Intelligence 227D. Balaji, V. Bhuvanewari and M. Priyadharshini8.1 Introduction 2288.2 Regulations for ITS with Computational Intelligence 2318.3 Specific Standards for ITS with Computational Intelligence 2338.4 Connected and Automated Vehicles with Computational Intelligence 2358.5 European AI Act 2388.6 Conclusion 2429 Modern World of Travel Projection Smart-Sustainable Cities: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) and Computational Intelligence for Revolutionizing Future of Transportation 247Bhupinder Singh, Christian Kaunert and Saurabh Chandra9.1 Introduction 2489.2 VANETs: Functionality of VANETs 2559.3 CI in Transportation 2559.4 VANETs and CI: Synergy 2579.5 Environmental Sustainability: Impact of Intelligent Transportation 2589.6 Safety and Security in Smart-Sustainable Cities 2609.7 Challenges in Implementation of VANETs and CI: Futuristic Transportation in Smart-Sustainable Cities 2619.8 Conclusion 2639.9 Future Scope 26310 AI-Enabled Decision-Making and Predictive Analytics in Autonomous Vehicles 271A. Reethika, P. Kanaga Priya, Malathy Sathyamoorthy, Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj and Firoz Khan10.1 Introduction 27210.2 Literature Review 27610.3 Background 27810.4 Experimental Setup and Result of Phases 1 and 2 29110.5 Conclusion 29611 Reinforcement Learning in Autonomous Vehicle Control: Role of Machine Learning in Action 299Malini S., Anusha N. and Bhuvaneswari M.11.1 Introduction 30011.2 ML in Autonomous Driving 30811.3 Conclusion 33212 Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in Empowering Decision-Making through Predictive Analytics for Autonomous Vehicles 341R. Manjula Devi, P. Keerthika, Anusha N., M. Sangeetha and P. Suresh12.1 Introduction 34212.2 AI and Predictive Analytics: The Perfect Synergy 34612.3 AI-Enabled Decision-Making Framework for AV System 34812.4 Conclusion 36213 Quantum Computing Implications on Internet of Vehicle Technologies 365Gnanasankaran Natarajan, Sundaravadivazhagan Balasubramanian, Raja S. R. and Manjula Arumugam13.1 Unveiling the Mystery: An Introduction to Quantum Computing 36613.2 Cruising into the Future: A Deep Dive into Internet of Vehicles Technology 36813.3 Merging Minds: The Powerful Convergence of Internet of Things and Quantum Computing 37013.4 Instrumental Navigation 37213.5 Implications of Quantum Computing over IoV Technology 37413.6 Classic Encryption Techniques Utilized in IoV for Security Enhancements 37613.7 Need of Quantum-Resistant Cryptographic Techniques in IoV 37813.8 Communication Networks: A Key Component for IoV Technology 38013.9 The Effective Use of Quantum Technologies into IoV Communication Frameworks the Overall Network Performance 38313.10 Overall Challenges and Consideration in Integrating Quantum Computing with IoV 38513.11 Conclusion and Future Scope 38814 5G and B5G Networks: Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations 391Gopal S.B., Nanthiya D., Malathy Sathyamoorthy and Nithya Rekha Sivakumar15 Revolutionizing Automotive Industry with Cloud-Based AI Analytics and IoT-Enabled Autonomous Vehicles 409Suresh P., Keerthika P., Devendran K. and Savitha S.15.1 Introduction 41015.2 Cloud-Based AI Analytics in Automotive Industry 41515.3 AI Technologies in Automotive Applications 41615.4 IoT in Automotive Industry 41715.5 Trends in Data Analytics and Automotive Industry 42015.6 Types of Connectivity in AVs 42315.7 Case Studies on AI-Based Analytics in the Automotive Industry 42315.8 Conclusion 42616 Agricultural Applications of UAVs: Precision Farming Challenges 431Kiruthika J. K., Rajesh Kumar S., Saranya S., Geetha S. K. and Yawanikha T.16.1 Introduction 43216.2 Overview of UAV Technology 43216.3 Precision Farming: Concepts and Technique 43516.4 Applications of UAVs in Precision Farming 43916.5 Challenges in Using UAVs for Precision Farming 44116.6 Case Studies and Real-World Applications 44616.7 Future Trends and Directions 45016.8 Conclusion 45317 Integrating Blockchain and IoV for Secure and Efficient Autonomous Mobility Solutions 459Tamilselvan Ganesan, Puja Das, Niresh Jayarajan and Kirubakaran Ganesan17.1 Introduction 46017.2 Overview of IoV and Blockchain 46117.3 Blockchain for IoV 47217.4 Integration of ML and Blockchain for IoV 48017.5 Conclusion 483References 483Index 487