Marc Seale was the Chief Executive and Registrar of the Health and Care Professions Council—the UK multi-professional regulator—for 18 years. He has extensive experience of the regulation of healthcare professions in the UK, Europe and the USA.

• Author Biography ixPreface xiFoundations of the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals xiiiAcknowledgements xvAbout the Companion Website xviiIntroduction xix1 Regulation 11.1 Introduction to Regulation and Regulators 11.2 The Regulatory Process 211.3 Effective Efficient and Ethical Regulators 261.4 Autonomy Independence Accountability and Scrutiny of Regulators 341.5 The Healthcare Delivery System and Its Regulators 402 Risk 492.1 Risk 492.2 Risk and Regulation 552.3 Enterprise Risk Management 572.4 Risk of Harm 622.5 Risk- Based Regulation 722.6 Risk and the Intrusiveness of the Regulatory Process 753 Framework for Regulating Healthcare Professionals 793.1 Framework for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 793.2 Stakeholders in the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 873.3 Key Stakeholders and Their Influence 1033.4 Identifying Professionals 1103.5 Processes Used to Restrict Access to the Labour Market 1214 Standards 1434.1 Introduction to Standards 1434.2 Standards for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 1494.3 Format of Standards 1514.4 Establishing and Revising Standards 1544.5 Sharing Standards 1585 Guidance 1635.1 Guidance 1636 Safe and Effective Practice 1676.1 Introduction to Safe and Effective Practice 1676.2 Competence – Knowledge and Skills 1726.3 Scope of Practice 1756.4 Standards of Competency 1826.5 Perishability of Competences 1876.6 Distribution of Competency Levels Within a Profession 1916.7 Values and Behaviour Framework 1956.8 Ethical Healthcare and Healthcare Professionals 1976.9 Values and Behaviours of Healthcare Professionals 2056.10 Standards of Conduct 2107 Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2237.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2237.2 The Regulatory Contract 2367.3 Purpose and Objectives of Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2428 Legal Principles and Processes for Regulating Professionals 2478.1 The Law 2478.2 Legal Principles and Processes 2508.3 Legislation 2558.4 Developing Enacting Amending Reforming and Repealing Legislation 2598.5 Appeals and Judicial Reviews 2648.6 Systems and Structures of Government 2688.7 Privy Council 2708.8 Legislation of Statutory Regulators 272Legislation Index 277Organisation Index 279People Index 281Subject Index 283

Marc Seale was the Chief Executive and Registrar of the Health and Care Professions Council—the UK multi-professional regulator—for 18 years. He has extensive experience of the regulation of healthcare professions in the UK, Europe and the USA.

• Author Biography ixPreface xiFoundations of the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals xiiiAcknowledgements xvAbout the Companion Website xviiIntroduction xix1 Regulation 11.1 Introduction to Regulation and Regulators 11.2 The Regulatory Process 211.3 Effective Efficient and Ethical Regulators 261.4 Autonomy Independence Accountability and Scrutiny of Regulators 341.5 The Healthcare Delivery System and Its Regulators 402 Risk 492.1 Risk 492.2 Risk and Regulation 552.3 Enterprise Risk Management 572.4 Risk of Harm 622.5 Risk- Based Regulation 722.6 Risk and the Intrusiveness of the Regulatory Process 753 Framework for Regulating Healthcare Professionals 793.1 Framework for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 793.2 Stakeholders in the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 873.3 Key Stakeholders and Their Influence 1033.4 Identifying Professionals 1103.5 Processes Used to Restrict Access to the Labour Market 1214 Standards 1434.1 Introduction to Standards 1434.2 Standards for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 1494.3 Format of Standards 1514.4 Establishing and Revising Standards 1544.5 Sharing Standards 1585 Guidance 1635.1 Guidance 1636 Safe and Effective Practice 1676.1 Introduction to Safe and Effective Practice 1676.2 Competence – Knowledge and Skills 1726.3 Scope of Practice 1756.4 Standards of Competency 1826.5 Perishability of Competences 1876.6 Distribution of Competency Levels Within a Profession 1916.7 Values and Behaviour Framework 1956.8 Ethical Healthcare and Healthcare Professionals 1976.9 Values and Behaviours of Healthcare Professionals 2056.10 Standards of Conduct 2107 Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2237.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2237.2 The Regulatory Contract 2367.3 Purpose and Objectives of Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2428 Legal Principles and Processes for Regulating Professionals 2478.1 The Law 2478.2 Legal Principles and Processes 2508.3 Legislation 2558.4 Developing Enacting Amending Reforming and Repealing Legislation 2598.5 Appeals and Judicial Reviews 2648.6 Systems and Structures of Government 2688.7 Privy Council 2708.8 Legislation of Statutory Regulators 272Legislation Index 277Organisation Index 279People Index 281Subject Index 283

Marc Seale was the Chief Executive and Registrar of the Health and Care Professions Council—the UK multi-professional regulator—for 18 years. He has extensive experience of the regulation of healthcare professions in the UK, Europe and the USA.

• Author Biography ixPreface xiFoundations of the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals xiiiAcknowledgements xvAbout the Companion Website xviiIntroduction xix1 Regulation 11.1 Introduction to Regulation and Regulators 11.2 The Regulatory Process 211.3 Effective Efficient and Ethical Regulators 261.4 Autonomy Independence Accountability and Scrutiny of Regulators 341.5 The Healthcare Delivery System and Its Regulators 402 Risk 492.1 Risk 492.2 Risk and Regulation 552.3 Enterprise Risk Management 572.4 Risk of Harm 622.5 Risk- Based Regulation 722.6 Risk and the Intrusiveness of the Regulatory Process 753 Framework for Regulating Healthcare Professionals 793.1 Framework for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 793.2 Stakeholders in the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 873.3 Key Stakeholders and Their Influence 1033.4 Identifying Professionals 1103.5 Processes Used to Restrict Access to the Labour Market 1214 Standards 1434.1 Introduction to Standards 1434.2 Standards for the Regulation of Healthcare Professionals 1494.3 Format of Standards 1514.4 Establishing and Revising Standards 1544.5 Sharing Standards 1585 Guidance 1635.1 Guidance 1636 Safe and Effective Practice 1676.1 Introduction to Safe and Effective Practice 1676.2 Competence – Knowledge and Skills 1726.3 Scope of Practice 1756.4 Standards of Competency 1826.5 Perishability of Competences 1876.6 Distribution of Competency Levels Within a Profession 1916.7 Values and Behaviour Framework 1956.8 Ethical Healthcare and Healthcare Professionals 1976.9 Values and Behaviours of Healthcare Professionals 2056.10 Standards of Conduct 2107 Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2237.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2237.2 The Regulatory Contract 2367.3 Purpose and Objectives of Regulating Healthcare Professionals 2428 Legal Principles and Processes for Regulating Professionals 2478.1 The Law 2478.2 Legal Principles and Processes 2508.3 Legislation 2558.4 Developing Enacting Amending Reforming and Repealing Legislation 2598.5 Appeals and Judicial Reviews 2648.6 Systems and Structures of Government 2688.7 Privy Council 2708.8 Legislation of Statutory Regulators 272Legislation Index 277Organisation Index 279People Index 281Subject Index 283