Hezbollah in International Law

Mireille Rebeiz is the Chair of Middle East Studies and Associate Professor of Middle East Studies, Francophone Studies & Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies at Dickinson College (USA). She is also Adjunct Professor of Law at Penn State Dickinson Law. She received her first Doctorate (PhD) in Francophone Studies from Florida State University and her second doctorate (SJD) in International Law from Penn State Dickinson Law. She also holds a Master’s Degree in International Law and Human Rights from Université de Rouen in France, and a Bachelor’s Degree in Law from Saint-Joseph University in Lebanon. Her teaching and research are interdisciplinary and focus on the intersectionality of law, gender, sexuality, oral history, and trauma in the context of armed conflicts with a focus on the Middle East and North Africa. Her research interests include international law, terrorism, State and non-State actors, and memory laws. She has written and successfully published monographs, several peer-reviewed essays, and editorials in national and international presses. Her first book Gendering Civil War. Francophone Women’s Writing in Lebanon (EUP, 2022) earned her the AAUW American Fellowship and was nominated for the John Leonard Prize.

This book [is a] welcome addition to the literature on Lebanon and Hezbollah. The areas the author explores are under-researched with numerous gaps and superficialities. The author’s theoretical and legal insights are especially noteworthy.

• AcknowledgementsAbbreviationsTransliteration 1. General IntroductionRationaleResearch QuestionsTheoretical FrameThe Structure of this StudyMethodology & ChallengesSourcesScope and LimitsPart I. Hezbollah in Domestic LawsIntroduction to Part I2. The History of Lebanon and the Rise of HezbollahA History of the Lebanese Civil WarHezbollah’s Birth3. Hezbollah’s Legal Classification in Domestic LawThe 1909 Law on AssociationsThe Taif Agreement, the 1991 General Amnesty Law and HezbollahConclusion to Part IPart II. The Statehood of Hezbollah in International LawIntroduction to Part II4. What is a State?Origins of Statehood: The Westphalian DefinitionStatehood as an Entity with PersonalityState Recognition: Effectiveness versus Recognition TheoriesState and Non-State Actor5. Hezbollah: A State Actor in Times of Peace and War?Hezbollah and the Lebanese State After 1992Hezbollah in Armed ConflictConclusion to Part IIPart III. Hezbollah: A Non-State ActorIntroduction to Part III6. General Comments on Non-State ActorsThe Growing Role of Non-State ActorsNon-State Actors and the Use of Force7. What Kind of Non-State Actor is Hezbollah?Hezbollah: A National Liberation Movement or Insurgents?Hezbollah: A Terrorist Non-State Actor8. State and Non-State Actors’ ResponsibilityGeneral Definition of ComplicityForms of ComplicityState Complicity in the Wrong-Doing of a Non-State ActorState Complicity in the Wrong-Doing of Another State ActorConclusion to Part III9. General ConclusionNotesWorks CitedIndex