PAUL WHITELEY Professor of Government at the University of Essex, UK. He is a former director of the Economic and Social Research Council Programme on Democracy and Participation, and has been the co-director of the British Election Study since 2001.

• British Democracy in the Twenty-First CenturyChanges in Political Values and AttitudesTrend in Participation in BritainPolitical Parties and Grassroots ActivismVoluntary Activity and Social CapitalThe Media and Political Participation in BritainBritain in Comparative PerspectiveGovernment Effectiveness and Civil SocietyCivil Society and Governance in the Future.