Risk Balance and Security

Erin Gibbs Van Brunschot is an Associate Professor of Sociology and Associate Dean of Social Sciences at the University of Calgary, Canada. She received her BA and MA in Sociology from the University of Calgary, and her PhD from the University of Alberta. Her research focuses on the concept of risk as it primarily applies to criminal offending and victimization. Her current research projects include an examination of how past experiences with various types of hazards influence self-protective behavior and expectations for the future, and the means by which individual and institutional efforts to enhance security work together and/or at cross-purposes. She has published articles in such journals as the International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Women and Criminal Justice, British Journal of Criminology and has made major contributions in books such as Juvenile Delinquency by Creechan and Silverman; Crime in Canadian Society 6th edition by Silverman, Teevan, and Sacco; The Process and Structure of Crime by Meier, Kennedy, and Sacco; and the Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment by Levinson. Leslie W. Kennedy is currently University Professor at Rutgers University School of Criminal Justice (SCJ) and Director of the Rutgers Center on Public Security. He was the Dean of SCJ from 1998 to 2007.  In his most recent research, he has focused on crime mapping and the development of risk terrain modeling for use by police in preventing crime.  In addition to publishing numerous books on risk and crime, his research has appeared in Criminology, Justice Quarterly, American Journal of Public Health, and the Journal of Quantitative Criminology.

Hopefully this book will help my students to understand the relevance of risk in contemporary CJ

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsChapter One: The Centrality of SecuritySecurity MattersRisk PositionsApproaching SecurityModelling SecurityStudying Security from Many PerspectivesConclusionNotes to Chapter 1Chapter Two: Values and Choices in Constructing SecurityThe Values of SecurityThe Invention of Risk SocietyThe Context of Risk SocietyApplying Risk Society to Risk BalanceCulture and Messages About SecurityJudging Hazards, Threats, and RisksExpertsRoutines, Experts, and TrustTypes of ResourcesSecurity From What?Security for Whom?ConclusionNotes to Chapter 2Chapter Three: Crime and SecurityHow Much Crime and How Can It Be AddressedPolicing and Crime RiskProtecting the Public: Community Policing and Intelligence-Led PolicingWho Polices Whom?Security Against CrimeProfiling OffendersProfiling VictimsAssessing Crime InformationProfiling Routines, Spaces, and PlacesPreventing Crime?Crime Events and Risk BalanceConclusionNotes to Chapter 3Chapter Four: Modern TerrorismTerrorism and SecurityWho Are the Terrorists and What Threat Do They Pose?GlobalizationWho "We" AreIntelligence: Information and Knowledge"We Have Some Planes..."Dealing With VulnerabilityIdentification of Vulnerability and Vulnerability-Producting MechanismsRaising Awareness of VulnerabiityAccurate InformationReadiness and ResponseConclusionNotes to Chapter 4Chapter Five: Landscapes of Security: Health and the EnvironmentThe Physical Landscape: HealthIn Sickness and in HealthJurisdiction and Spillover EffectsBrakes and Accelerators in the Local and Global Health EnvironmentsTerrorist Events as Health EventsSummaryThe Physical Landscape: The EnvironmentDefining Environmental SecurityPower and KnowledgeThe Blurry Boundaries Between Natural, Man-Made, and Other DisastersThe Evolution of DisasterThe Evolution of Hurricane KatrinaThe Mitigation StageThe Preparedness StageThe Response StageThe Recovery StageThe Complications of Hurricane KatrinaVulnerable Risk PositionsCommunication BreakdownsFailed LeadershipSummaryConclusionNotes to Chapter 5Chapter Six: The Stages of Risk Balance and SecurityPreparedness and ReadinessInsuranceCrisis Drills and Table Top Exercises: Imagining Dire ConsequencesCross-Agency CooperationResponseFirst Responders and VictimsLeadership in ResponseThe Media and Response CoordinationRecovery and PreventionLitigationGoverment CompensationReturning to Normal: Re-Establishing RoutinesConclusionNotes to Chapter 6Chapter Seven: Concluding ThoughtsBecoming Secure: What Have We Learned?Establishing SecurityPractical Steps to SecurityPrinciple 1. ChoisePrinciple 2. Decision-MakingPrinciple 3. CooperationPrinciple 4. PlanningPrinciple 5. Institutional LearningPrinciple 6. CommunicationConcluding ThoughtsNote to Chapter 7ReferencesSuggested ReadingsIndexAbout the Authors