The Mixed Methods Reader

Vicki L. Plano Clark, PhD, is professor of research methods in the College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services at the University of Cincinnati, USA.  She is an applied research methodologist who studies, applies, teaches, mentors, consults, and writes about the adoption and use of mixed methods research. Her scholarship focuses on resolving methodological issues associated with mixed methods designs and understanding larger contexts that influence the application of mixed methods research. Her writings include Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (4th edition, Sage Publishing, 2027, coauthored with John W. Creswell) and Mixed Methods Research: A Guide to the Field (2016, Sage Publishing, coauthored with Nataliya V. Ivankova). She serves as Associate Editor for the Journal of Mixed Methods Research and was a founding Editor of the Mixed Methods Research Series with Sage Publishing. She has held leadership roles for the Mixed Methods Research Special Interest Group and the Teaching and Learning Research Methods Special Interest Group of the American Educational Research Association (AERA). She is dedicated to advancing opportunities for students and scholars across disciplines to understand and apply diverse research methods to address important real-world problems.John W. Creswell, PhD, is a Professor of Family Medicine and Senior Research Scientist ofthe Michigan Mixed Methods Program. He has authored numerous articles and 34 books onmixed methods research, qualitative research, and research design. While at the University ofNebraska–Lincoln, he held the Clifton Endowed Professor Chair, served as Director of theMixed Methods Research Office, co-founded SAGE’s Journal of Mixed Methods Research, andwas an Adjunct Professor of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan and a consultant tothe Veterans Administration Health Services Research Center in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He wasa Senior Fulbright Scholar to South Africa in 2008 and to Thailand in 2012. In 2011, he co-leda National Institutes of Health working group on the “best practices of mixed methods researchin the health sciences,” served as a Visiting Professor at Harvard’s School of Public Health andreceived an honorary doctorate from the University of Pretoria, South Africa. In 2014, he wasthe founding President of the Mixed Methods International Research Association. In 2015, hejoined the staff of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan to Co-Direct the MichiganMixed Methods Program. In 2017, he coauthored the American Psychological Association“standards” on qualitative and mixed methods research. The fourth edition of this book onQualitative Inquiry & Research Design won the 2018 McGuffey Longevity Award from the U.S.Textbook & Academic Authors Association. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he gave virtualkeynote presentations to many countries from his office in Osaka, Japan. Updates on his workcan be found on his website at johnwcreswell.com.

"It premieres the most adept researchers in the field who have bravely and soundly followed mixed methodology approaches."

• List of Editor′s Introduction FiguresIntroductionPart I. Methodological SelectionsChapter 1. The Evolution of Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 2. Pragmatism as a Philosophical Foundation for Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 3. The Transformative-Emancipatory Perspective as a Philosophical Foundation for Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 4. Triangulation as the First Mixed Methods DesignChapter 5. Identifying the Purposes for Mixed Methods DesignsChapter 6. A Notation System for Mixed Methods DesignsChapter 7. An Expanded Typology for Classifying Mixed Methods Research Into DesignsChapter 8. Different Sampling Techniques for Mixed Methods StudiesChapter 9. Data Analysis Strategies in Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 10. Expanding the Reasons for Conducting Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 11. Types of Legitimation (Validity) in Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 12. Powerful Rhetorical Devices Used in Writing Mixed Methods ResearchChapter 13. An Improved Role for Qualitative Research in Mixed MethodsChapter 14. An Alternative to Reconciling the Different Realities of Qualitative and Quantitative ResearchPart II. Exemplar Research StudiesChapter 15. A Concurrent/Triangulation Mixed Methods Design With Merged ResultsChapter 16. A Concurrent/Triangulation Mixed Methods Design With Data TransformationChapter 17. An Embedded Experimental Before-Intervention Mixed Methods DesignChapter 18. An Embedded Experimental During-Intervention Mixed Methods DesignChapter 19. An Embedded Experimental After-Intervention Mixed Methods DesignChapter 20. A Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Design to Explain FindingsChapter 21. A Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Design With Participant SelectionChapter 22. A Sequential Exploratory Mixed Methods Design With Instrument DevelopmentChapter 23. A Sequential Exploratory Mixed Methods Design to Generate and Test a ModelReferences Cited in the Editors′ IntroductionsIndex