Richard D. Hartley is an assistant professor in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Texas at San Antonio. He holds a Ph.D. from the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Nebraska at Omaha. He teaches courses relating to criminal courts and the administration of justice as well as research methods and statistics. Dr. Hartley’s research interests include prosecutorial and judicial discretion, race/ethnicity and crime, and quantitative methods. He has been involved with a number of research projects analyzing sentencing outcomes, especially those for federal narcotics and immigration offenders. Some of his recent and forthcoming publications appear in Aggression and Violent Behavior, Crime and Delinquency, Criminal Justice Review, Journal of Criminal Justice, and Journal of Pediatrics.

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• PrefaceAcknowledgments1. The Scientific Method and the Research Process in Criminology and Criminal Justice2. Criminological Theory and the Scientific MethodResearch Readings:Reconsidering the Effect of Self-Control and Delinquent Peers: Implications of Measurement for Theoretical Significance - Ryan C. Meldrum, Jacob T. N. Young, and Frank M. WeermanAn Evaluation of the Assumptions That Underlie Institutional Anomie Theory - Mitchell B. Chamlin and John K. CochranAn Assessment of Scales Measuring Constructs in Tests of Criminological Theory Based on National Youth Survey Data - Todd A. Armstrong, Daniel R. Lee, and Gaylene s. Armstrong3. Ethics in the Research ProcessResearch Readings:The Ethics and Law of Confidentiality in Criminal Justice Research: A Comparison of Canada and the United States - J. Lowman and T. PalysCombining Ethical Considerations With Recruitment and Follow-Up Strategies for Partner Violence Victimization Rsearch - TK Logan, R. Walker, L. Shannon, and J. Cole4. Conceptualization and MeasurementResearch Readings:Conceptualization of Terrorism - J. P. GibbsMeasuring Victimization Inside Prisons: Questioning the Questions - N. Wolff, J. Shi, and R. BachmanTheoretical and Methodological Issues in Racial Profiling Research - C. Batton and C. Kadleck5. Sampling ProceduresResearch Readings:Public Support for Getting Tough on Corporate Crime: Racial and Political Divides - J. D. Unnever, M. L. Benson, and F. T. CullenGendered Opportunity? School-Based Adolescent Victimization - P. Wilcox, M. Skubak Tillyer, and B. S. FisherPublic Awareness and Action Resulting From Sex Offender Community Notification Laws - A. L. Anderson and L. L. SampleA Snowball′s Chance in Hell: Doing Fieldwork With Active Residential Burglars - R. Wright, S. H. Decker, A.K.S. Redfern, and D. L. Smith6. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Research DesignsResearch Readings:Randomized Experiments in Criminal Justice Policy: Prospects and Problems - D. WeisburdA Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of Thinking for a Change: A "Real World" Application - C. T. Lowenkamp, D. Hubbard, M. D. Makarios, and E. J. LatessaApplying Evidence-Based Practices to Community Corrections Supervision: An Evaluation of Residential Substance Aubse Treatment for High-Risk Probationers - D. M. Pérez7. Survey Research and InterviewsResearch Readings:Gang Intervention in Jails: A National Analysis - R. Ruddell, S. H. Decker, and A. Egley, Jr.Insiders′ Views of Prison Amenities: Beliefs and Perceptions of Correctional Staff Members - R. Tewksbury and E. E. MustaineUnderstanding the Black Box of Gang Organization: Implications for Involvement in Violent Crime, Drug Sales, and Violent Victimization - S. H. Decker, C. M. Katz, and V. J. WebbIntimacy With Outlaws: The Role of Relational Distance in Recruiting, Paying, and Interviewing Underworld Research Participants - S. Jacques and R. Wright8. Qualitative Research: Participant Observation, Focus Groups, and Case StudiesResearch Readings:Covert Participant Observation: Reconsidering the Least Used Method - M. MillerFear of Gang Crime: A Qualitative Examination of the Four Perspectives - J. LaneThe Philosophical Versus Actual Adoption of Community Policing: A Case Study - A. T. Chappell9. Unobtrusive Methods: Secondary Analysis, Content Analysis, Crime Mapping, and Meta-AnalysisResearch Readings:Violent Girls or Relabeled Status Offenders? An Alternative Interpretation of the Data - B. C. FeldSlain and Slandered: A Content Analysis of the Portrayal of Femicide in Crime News - R. TaylorA Geographic Approach to Racial Profiling: The Microanalysis and Macroanalysis of Racial Disparity in Traffic Stops - S. Roh and M. RobinsonDoes an Offender′s Age Have an Effect on Sentence Length? A Meta-Analytic Review - J. Wu and C. Spohn10. Mixed Methods ResearchResearch Readings:Problem-Oriented Policing and Open-Air Drug Markets: Examining the Rockford Pulling Levers Deterrence Strategy - N. Corsaro, R. K. Brunson, and E. F. McGarrellThe Impact of Occupational Culture on Drinking Behavior of Young Adults in the U.S. Navy - G. M. Ames, M. R. Duke, R. S. Moore, and C. B. Cunradi11. Evaluation Research and Policy AnalysisResearch Readings:Combating Methamphetamine Use in the Community: The Efficacy of the Drug Court Model - S. J. Listwan, D. K. Shaffer, and J. J. HartmanProblem-Oriented Policing, Deterrence, and Youth Violence: An Evaluation of Boston′s Operation Ceasefire - A. A. Braga, D. M. Kennedy, E. J. Waring, and A. Morrison PiehlReferencesAbout the Author