Esther Breitenbach is a postdoctoral fellow in the School of History, Classics and Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh. She was previously a research fellow in Social Policy at the University of Edinburgh, and this included secondments to the Scottish Executive Equality Unit, and to the Women and Equality Unit in the Department of Trade and Industry. She has written widely on women in Scotland, and on gender equality and equal opportunities issues. Pat Thane is Research Professor in Contemporary History at the Institute of Contemporary British History, Kings College London, UK.

'A timely book that, importantly, points also to the need for further research.'

• Chapter 1: Introduction - Esther Breitenbach and Pat Thane \ Chapter 2: Women and political participation in England, 1918-1970 - Pat Thane \ Chapter 3: 'Providing an opportunity to exercise their energies': the role of the Labour Women's Sections in shaping political identities, South Wales, 1918-1939 - Lowri Newman \ Chapter 4: Count up to twenty-one: Scottish women in formal politics, 1918-1990 - Catriona Burness \ Chapter 5: Scottish women's organizations and the exercise of citizenship c. 1900 - c. 1970 - Esther Breitenbach \ Chapter 6: The 'women element in politics': Irish women and the vote, 1918-2008 - Mary Daly \ Chapter 7: 'Aphrodite rising from the Waves'?: Women's voluntary activism and the women's movement in twentieth-century Ireland - Lindsey Earner-Byrne \ Chapter 8: Conflicting rights: the struggle for female citizenship in Northern Ireland - Myrtle Hill and Margaret Ward \ Chapter 9: 'Apathetic, parochial, conservative'? Women, élite and mass politics from 1979 to 2009 - Rosie Campbell and Sarah Childs \ Chapter 10: Feminist politics in Scotland from the 1970s to 2000s: engaging with the changing state - Esther Breitenbach and Fiona Mackay \ Chapter 11: Women and political representation in post-devolution Scotland: High time or high tide? - Fiona Mackay and Meryl Kenny \ Chapter 12: Devolution, citizenship and women's political representation in Wales - Paul Chaney \ Chapter 13: The refuge movement and domestic violence policies in Wales Nickie Charles

Esther Breitenbach is a postdoctoral fellow in the School of History, Classics and Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh. She was previously a research fellow in Social Policy at the University of Edinburgh, and this included secondments to the Scottish Executive Equality Unit, and to the Women and Equality Unit in the Department of Trade and Industry. She has written widely on women in Scotland, and on gender equality and equal opportunities issues. Pat Thane is Research Professor in Contemporary History at the Institute of Contemporary British History, Kings College London, UK.

'A timely book that, importantly, points also to the need for further research.'

• Chapter 1: Introduction - Esther Breitenbach and Pat Thane \ Chapter 2: Women and political participation in England, 1918-1970 - Pat Thane \ Chapter 3: 'Providing an opportunity to exercise their energies': the role of the Labour Women's Sections in shaping political identities, South Wales, 1918-1939 - Lowri Newman \ Chapter 4: Count up to twenty-one: Scottish women in formal politics, 1918-1990 - Catriona Burness \ Chapter 5: Scottish women's organizations and the exercise of citizenship c. 1900 - c. 1970 - Esther Breitenbach \ Chapter 6: The 'women element in politics': Irish women and the vote, 1918-2008 - Mary Daly \ Chapter 7: 'Aphrodite rising from the Waves'?: Women's voluntary activism and the women's movement in twentieth-century Ireland - Lindsey Earner-Byrne \ Chapter 8: Conflicting rights: the struggle for female citizenship in Northern Ireland - Myrtle Hill and Margaret Ward \ Chapter 9: 'Apathetic, parochial, conservative'? Women, élite and mass politics from 1979 to 2009 - Rosie Campbell and Sarah Childs \ Chapter 10: Feminist politics in Scotland from the 1970s to 2000s: engaging with the changing state - Esther Breitenbach and Fiona Mackay \ Chapter 11: Women and political representation in post-devolution Scotland: High time or high tide? - Fiona Mackay and Meryl Kenny \ Chapter 12: Devolution, citizenship and women's political representation in Wales - Paul Chaney \ Chapter 13: The refuge movement and domestic violence policies in Wales Nickie Charles

Esther Breitenbach is a postdoctoral fellow in the School of History, Classics and Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh. She was previously a research fellow in Social Policy at the University of Edinburgh, and this included secondments to the Scottish Executive Equality Unit, and to the Women and Equality Unit in the Department of Trade and Industry. She has written widely on women in Scotland, and on gender equality and equal opportunities issues. Pat Thane is Research Professor in Contemporary History at the Institute of Contemporary British History, Kings College London, UK.

'A timely book that, importantly, points also to the need for further research.'

• Chapter 1: Introduction - Esther Breitenbach and Pat Thane \ Chapter 2: Women and political participation in England, 1918-1970 - Pat Thane \ Chapter 3: 'Providing an opportunity to exercise their energies': the role of the Labour Women's Sections in shaping political identities, South Wales, 1918-1939 - Lowri Newman \ Chapter 4: Count up to twenty-one: Scottish women in formal politics, 1918-1990 - Catriona Burness \ Chapter 5: Scottish women's organizations and the exercise of citizenship c. 1900 - c. 1970 - Esther Breitenbach \ Chapter 6: The 'women element in politics': Irish women and the vote, 1918-2008 - Mary Daly \ Chapter 7: 'Aphrodite rising from the Waves'?: Women's voluntary activism and the women's movement in twentieth-century Ireland - Lindsey Earner-Byrne \ Chapter 8: Conflicting rights: the struggle for female citizenship in Northern Ireland - Myrtle Hill and Margaret Ward \ Chapter 9: 'Apathetic, parochial, conservative'? Women, élite and mass politics from 1979 to 2009 - Rosie Campbell and Sarah Childs \ Chapter 10: Feminist politics in Scotland from the 1970s to 2000s: engaging with the changing state - Esther Breitenbach and Fiona Mackay \ Chapter 11: Women and political representation in post-devolution Scotland: High time or high tide? - Fiona Mackay and Meryl Kenny \ Chapter 12: Devolution, citizenship and women's political representation in Wales - Paul Chaney \ Chapter 13: The refuge movement and domestic violence policies in Wales Nickie Charles