Kate Malleson is a professor in the Department of Law at Queen Mary, University of London.Peter H. Russell is a professor emeritus of political science at the University of Toronto.

• ForewordPreface IntroductionKATE MALLESONPART ONE: APPOINTING JUDGES IN ESTABLISHED DEMOCRACIES The Scottish Judicial Appointments Board: New Wine in Old Bottles?ALAN PATERSONThe New Judicial Appointments Commission in England and Wales: New Wine in New Bottles?KATE MALLESONJudicial Appointments in Post-Charter Canada: A System in Transition F.L. MORTONLegal Controversies over Federal Judicial Selection in the United States: Breaking the Cycle of Obstruction and Retribution over Judicial AppointmentsMICHAEL C. TOLLEYJudicial Appointments in New Zealand: If it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well it were done openly and directlyJAMES ALLAN‘The judicial whisper goes around’: Appointment of Judicial Officers in Australia ELIZABETH HANDSLEYMerit Selection and Diversity in the Dutch JudiciaryLENY E. DE GROOT-VAN LEEUWENJudicial Selection in Italy: A Civil Service Model with Partisan Results MARY L. VOLCANSEKThe Selection of Judges in France: Searching for a New LegitimacyDORIS MARIE PROVINE and ANTOINE GARAPONThe Selection Process of Constitutional Court Judges in GermanyCHRISTINE LANDFRIEDPART TWO: APPOINTING THE JUDGES OF INTERNATIONAL COURTS Judicial Selection for International Courts: Towards Common Principles and PracticesRUTH MACKENZIE and PHILLIPE SANDSPART THREE: APPOINTING JUDGES IN NEW DEMOCRACIES AND TRANSITIONAL STATES Judicial Appointments and Promotions in Israel: Constitution, Law and PoliticsELI M. SALZBERGERThe Politics of Judicial Selection in Egypt MAHMOUD M. HAMADJudicial Selection in Post-Apartheid South Africa FRANÇOIS DU BOISA Judiciary in Transition: Reflections on the Selection of Judges in NamibiaSUFIAN HEMED BUKURURACreating a Compliant Judiciary in Zimbabwe, 2000–2003DEREK MATYSZAKThe Politics of Judicial Selection and Appointments in Japan and Ten South and Southeast Asian Countries DAVID M. O’BRIENJudicial Selection in Russia: Towards Accountability and CentralizationALEXEI TROCHEVImproving the Quality of the Judiciary in China: Recent Reforms to the Procedures for Appointing, Promoting, and Discharging JudgesCOLIN HAWESConclusionPETER H. RUSSELLTable of CasesBibliographyContributors

Kate Malleson is a professor in the Department of Law at Queen Mary, University of London.Peter H. Russell is a professor emeritus of political science at the University of Toronto.

• ForewordPreface IntroductionKATE MALLESONPART ONE: APPOINTING JUDGES IN ESTABLISHED DEMOCRACIES The Scottish Judicial Appointments Board: New Wine in Old Bottles?ALAN PATERSONThe New Judicial Appointments Commission in England and Wales: New Wine in New Bottles?KATE MALLESONJudicial Appointments in Post-Charter Canada: A System in Transition F.L. MORTONLegal Controversies over Federal Judicial Selection in the United States: Breaking the Cycle of Obstruction and Retribution over Judicial AppointmentsMICHAEL C. TOLLEYJudicial Appointments in New Zealand: If it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well it were done openly and directlyJAMES ALLAN‘The judicial whisper goes around’: Appointment of Judicial Officers in Australia ELIZABETH HANDSLEYMerit Selection and Diversity in the Dutch JudiciaryLENY E. DE GROOT-VAN LEEUWENJudicial Selection in Italy: A Civil Service Model with Partisan Results MARY L. VOLCANSEKThe Selection of Judges in France: Searching for a New LegitimacyDORIS MARIE PROVINE and ANTOINE GARAPONThe Selection Process of Constitutional Court Judges in GermanyCHRISTINE LANDFRIEDPART TWO: APPOINTING THE JUDGES OF INTERNATIONAL COURTS Judicial Selection for International Courts: Towards Common Principles and PracticesRUTH MACKENZIE and PHILLIPE SANDSPART THREE: APPOINTING JUDGES IN NEW DEMOCRACIES AND TRANSITIONAL STATES Judicial Appointments and Promotions in Israel: Constitution, Law and PoliticsELI M. SALZBERGERThe Politics of Judicial Selection in Egypt MAHMOUD M. HAMADJudicial Selection in Post-Apartheid South Africa FRANÇOIS DU BOISA Judiciary in Transition: Reflections on the Selection of Judges in NamibiaSUFIAN HEMED BUKURURACreating a Compliant Judiciary in Zimbabwe, 2000–2003DEREK MATYSZAKThe Politics of Judicial Selection and Appointments in Japan and Ten South and Southeast Asian Countries DAVID M. O’BRIENJudicial Selection in Russia: Towards Accountability and CentralizationALEXEI TROCHEVImproving the Quality of the Judiciary in China: Recent Reforms to the Procedures for Appointing, Promoting, and Discharging JudgesCOLIN HAWESConclusionPETER H. RUSSELLTable of CasesBibliographyContributors

Kate Malleson is a professor in the Department of Law at Queen Mary, University of London.Peter H. Russell is a professor emeritus of political science at the University of Toronto.

• ForewordPreface IntroductionKATE MALLESONPART ONE: APPOINTING JUDGES IN ESTABLISHED DEMOCRACIES The Scottish Judicial Appointments Board: New Wine in Old Bottles?ALAN PATERSONThe New Judicial Appointments Commission in England and Wales: New Wine in New Bottles?KATE MALLESONJudicial Appointments in Post-Charter Canada: A System in Transition F.L. MORTONLegal Controversies over Federal Judicial Selection in the United States: Breaking the Cycle of Obstruction and Retribution over Judicial AppointmentsMICHAEL C. TOLLEYJudicial Appointments in New Zealand: If it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well it were done openly and directlyJAMES ALLAN‘The judicial whisper goes around’: Appointment of Judicial Officers in Australia ELIZABETH HANDSLEYMerit Selection and Diversity in the Dutch JudiciaryLENY E. DE GROOT-VAN LEEUWENJudicial Selection in Italy: A Civil Service Model with Partisan Results MARY L. VOLCANSEKThe Selection of Judges in France: Searching for a New LegitimacyDORIS MARIE PROVINE and ANTOINE GARAPONThe Selection Process of Constitutional Court Judges in GermanyCHRISTINE LANDFRIEDPART TWO: APPOINTING THE JUDGES OF INTERNATIONAL COURTS Judicial Selection for International Courts: Towards Common Principles and PracticesRUTH MACKENZIE and PHILLIPE SANDSPART THREE: APPOINTING JUDGES IN NEW DEMOCRACIES AND TRANSITIONAL STATES Judicial Appointments and Promotions in Israel: Constitution, Law and PoliticsELI M. SALZBERGERThe Politics of Judicial Selection in Egypt MAHMOUD M. HAMADJudicial Selection in Post-Apartheid South Africa FRANÇOIS DU BOISA Judiciary in Transition: Reflections on the Selection of Judges in NamibiaSUFIAN HEMED BUKURURACreating a Compliant Judiciary in Zimbabwe, 2000–2003DEREK MATYSZAKThe Politics of Judicial Selection and Appointments in Japan and Ten South and Southeast Asian Countries DAVID M. O’BRIENJudicial Selection in Russia: Towards Accountability and CentralizationALEXEI TROCHEVImproving the Quality of the Judiciary in China: Recent Reforms to the Procedures for Appointing, Promoting, and Discharging JudgesCOLIN HAWESConclusionPETER H. RUSSELLTable of CasesBibliographyContributors