Upperworld and the Underworld

'The delicate balance of legitimacy in the staging and confronting of organized crime in modern society is deftly portrayed... the reader enjoys a concise and valuable perspective.' Jess Maghan, Director, Office of International Criminal Justice, University of Illinois at Chicago 'Other scholars have touched on the economic aspects of organized crime, yet none so comprehensively as does The Upperworld and the Underworld. This book is an excellent, nay, essential resource for those who study organized crime and/or want to learn about its effects on the global economy.' Patrick J. Ryan, Associate Professor, Emeritus, Long Island University; Past President, International Association for the Study of Organized Crime (IASOC)

• Prologue.- Notes.- 1 Introduction: Organized Crime Penetrations of Legitimate Businesses.- Background.- Models and Images of Organized Crime.- The Assets and Resources of Organized Crime Groups.- Racketeering in Legitimate Businesses.- Strategies of Infiltration into the Legitimate Sectors.- Dangerous Intersections: Organized Crime and Legitimate Business.- Organized Crime in Russia and Chicago: Survival of the Fittest.- Mafia and Repressive Stability in the South of Italy.- Power Politics and Organized Crime.- Notes.- 2 The Infiltration of Organized Criminal Groups into U.S. Trade Unions.- The Early Days.- Labor Organizes.- Mafia.- The McClellan Committee.- The New Mob.- 25 Years after Valachi.- The President’s Commission on Organized Crime.- Unions, Gangsters, and Employers in Retrospect.- Consent Decrees and Trusteeships: Law Enforcement Responses.- The Teamsters.- Philadelphia Roofers Union, Local 30/30B.- Teamster Local 560.- The Scope of Labor Racketeering.- The Needle Trades.- The Mine Workers: A Case of Corporate Gangsterism.- Hollywood and Hoodlums.- Summary.- Notes.- 3 Master Builders, Master Criminals: Corruption and Racketeering in the Construction Industry.- The Construction Industry in New York City.- Classification of Construction.- High-Rise, High-Cost Construction.- The “Achilles Heel” in the Construction Industry: A Catalogue of Crime.- A Fit of Absent-Mindedness: Criminal Go-Betweens in Historical Perspective.- Extortion.- Bribery.- Theft.- Frauds.- Performance Bond Fraud.- Collusive Bidding and Bid Rigging.- Racketeering and Corruption Implications.- Racketeering Susceptibility.- The Labor Market.- Collective Bargaining.- Competitive and Fragmented Economic Environment.- Cost of Delays.- Racketeering Potential.- The Indispensable Men:Racketeers at Large and at Work.- Conclusions.- Notes.- 4 The Last Waterfront: The Fulton Fish Market and the ILA as Family Businesses.- Project “Underworld”.- Postwar Period and Revitalization.- Waterfront Racketeering: The ILA and Criminal Collusions.- Summary and Conclusions.- Notes.- 5 The Pizza Connection: Selling Dough and Dope.- The Heroin Pipeline.- The Legitimate Business as a “Front”.- The Networks.- The Investigation.- The Prosecution.- The Verdict.- Conclusions.- The Politics and Economics of Drugs.- Notes.- 6 Dirty Dollars: The Carting and Waste Disposal Industries.- Environmental Protection and Organized Crime: Problems and Prospects.- Controlling Waste Disposal.- New York City and the Garbage Cartel.- Conclusions.- Notes.- 7 Other Crimes, Other Criminals: Racketeering in Chinatown and Brighton Beach.- Chinatown.- The Tongs and Organized Crime.- The “Hatchet Men”.- Triads, or the White Lotus Society Reincarnated.- The Chinese Underworld Today.- Tong and Gang Relationships with Police.- Extortion in Chinatown.- Brighton Beach: Little Odessa by the Sea.- Gasoline Bootlegging.- The “Daisy Chain” and the “Burn”.- The Mafia and the Mafiya.- Polluted Petroleum.- Conclusions.- Notes.- 8 Criminal Opportunities in Legitimate Businesses: Control Policy Issues.- Organized Crime as a Spectacle.- Tactics and Strategies.- The Maneuvers of Money Laundering.- Infiltrating Legitimate Businesses.- The Role of Intelligence.- The Tools of Analytical Intelligence.- Telephone Record Analysis (TRA).- Association Analysis (AA).- Net Worth Analysis (NWA).- Business Record Analysis (BRA).- Threat Assessment (TA).- Traditional and Nontraditional Organized Crime Groups.- Prosecutorial Efforts Against Organized Crime Infiltrations.- Role of Crime Commissions andHearings as a Control Mechanism.- The Witness Security Program (WSP).- Cooperation and Coordination among Law Enforcement Agencies.- Blacklisting Public Contractors as an Anticorruption and Racketeering Strategy.- The Future of Organized Crime.- Summary.- Notes.- 9 Conclusions.- The Troika of Organized Crime.- Business Vulnerabilities.- Racketeering Enterprises and Domination.- Public and Private Partnerships.- Regulation.- Notes.