Masooda Bano is Professor of Development Studies in the Department of International Development and Senior Golding Fellow at Brasenose College, University of Oxford. She is author and editor of The Revival of Islamic Rationalism: Logic, Metaphysics, and Mysticism in Modern Muslim Societies (Cambridge University Press, 2019), Female Islamic Education Movements: The Re-democratisation of Islamic Knowledge (Cambridge University Press, 2017) and Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change, Volumes 1 and 2 (Edinburgh University Press (2018). Keiko Sakurai is Professor at the Faculty of International Research and Education, School of International Liberal Studies, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.

Superbly edited, this authoritative book sheds light on state-university relations, institutional strategies, student-teacher relations, and the impact of returning graduates on their home communities of three leading Islamic universities with a global footprint. Shattering the myths surrounding Islamic education today, this book is vital reading for scholars, policy makers, and a general audience.

• AcknowledgementsList of contributorsIntroduction, Masooda Bano and Keiko SakuraiPart I. Making of the Global: Inside the Three Universities1. The Islamic University of Medina since 1961: The Politics of Religious Mission and the Making of a Modern Salafi Pedagogy, Mike Farquhar2. Making Qom a centre of Shiʿi scholarship: al-Mustafa International University, Keiko Sakurai3. Protector of the ‘al-Wasatiyya’ Islam: Cairo’s al-Azhar University, Masooda BanoPart II. Returning Graduates in Negotiation with the Local4. Ahlussunnah: A Preaching Network from Kano to Medina and Back, Alex Thurston5. Qom Alumni in Indonesia: Their Role in the Shiʿi Community Zulkifli6. Islamic Modernism, Political Reform and the Arabisation of Education: The Relationship between Moroccan Nationalists and al-Azhar University, Ann WainscottPart III. Returning Graduates and Transformation of the Local7. From Mecca to Cairo: Changing Influences on Fatwas in Southeast Asia, Yuki Shiozaki8. ‘Azharisation’ of ʿUlama Training in Malaysia, Hiroko KushimotoIndex

Masooda Bano is Professor of Development Studies in the Department of International Development and Senior Golding Fellow at Brasenose College, University of Oxford. She is author and editor of The Revival of Islamic Rationalism: Logic, Metaphysics, and Mysticism in Modern Muslim Societies (Cambridge University Press, 2019), Female Islamic Education Movements: The Re-democratisation of Islamic Knowledge (Cambridge University Press, 2017) and Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change, Volumes 1 and 2 (Edinburgh University Press (2018). Keiko Sakurai is Professor at the Faculty of International Research and Education, School of International Liberal Studies, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.

Superbly edited, this authoritative book sheds light on state-university relations, institutional strategies, student-teacher relations, and the impact of returning graduates on their home communities of three leading Islamic universities with a global footprint. Shattering the myths surrounding Islamic education today, this book is vital reading for scholars, policy makers, and a general audience.

• AcknowledgementsList of contributorsIntroduction, Masooda Bano and Keiko SakuraiPart I. Making of the Global: Inside the Three Universities1. The Islamic University of Medina since 1961: The Politics of Religious Mission and the Making of a Modern Salafi Pedagogy, Mike Farquhar2. Making Qom a centre of Shiʿi scholarship: al-Mustafa International University, Keiko Sakurai3. Protector of the ‘al-Wasatiyya’ Islam: Cairo’s al-Azhar University, Masooda BanoPart II. Returning Graduates in Negotiation with the Local4. Ahlussunnah: A Preaching Network from Kano to Medina and Back, Alex Thurston5. Qom Alumni in Indonesia: Their Role in the Shiʿi Community Zulkifli6. Islamic Modernism, Political Reform and the Arabisation of Education: The Relationship between Moroccan Nationalists and al-Azhar University, Ann WainscottPart III. Returning Graduates and Transformation of the Local7. From Mecca to Cairo: Changing Influences on Fatwas in Southeast Asia, Yuki Shiozaki8. ‘Azharisation’ of ʿUlama Training in Malaysia, Hiroko KushimotoIndex

Masooda Bano is Professor of Development Studies in the Department of International Development and Senior Golding Fellow at Brasenose College, University of Oxford. She is author and editor of The Revival of Islamic Rationalism: Logic, Metaphysics, and Mysticism in Modern Muslim Societies (Cambridge University Press, 2019), Female Islamic Education Movements: The Re-democratisation of Islamic Knowledge (Cambridge University Press, 2017) and Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change, Volumes 1 and 2 (Edinburgh University Press (2018). Keiko Sakurai is Professor at the Faculty of International Research and Education, School of International Liberal Studies, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.

Superbly edited, this authoritative book sheds light on state-university relations, institutional strategies, student-teacher relations, and the impact of returning graduates on their home communities of three leading Islamic universities with a global footprint. Shattering the myths surrounding Islamic education today, this book is vital reading for scholars, policy makers, and a general audience.

• AcknowledgementsList of contributorsIntroduction, Masooda Bano and Keiko SakuraiPart I. Making of the Global: Inside the Three Universities1. The Islamic University of Medina since 1961: The Politics of Religious Mission and the Making of a Modern Salafi Pedagogy, Mike Farquhar2. Making Qom a centre of Shiʿi scholarship: al-Mustafa International University, Keiko Sakurai3. Protector of the ‘al-Wasatiyya’ Islam: Cairo’s al-Azhar University, Masooda BanoPart II. Returning Graduates in Negotiation with the Local4. Ahlussunnah: A Preaching Network from Kano to Medina and Back, Alex Thurston5. Qom Alumni in Indonesia: Their Role in the Shiʿi Community Zulkifli6. Islamic Modernism, Political Reform and the Arabisation of Education: The Relationship between Moroccan Nationalists and al-Azhar University, Ann WainscottPart III. Returning Graduates and Transformation of the Local7. From Mecca to Cairo: Changing Influences on Fatwas in Southeast Asia, Yuki Shiozaki8. ‘Azharisation’ of ʿUlama Training in Malaysia, Hiroko KushimotoIndex