Walter J. Scheirer is the Dennis O. Doughty Collegiate Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Notre Dame.

"There is something bold, perhaps reckless, in preaching serenity from the volcano's edge. But, as Scheirer points out, the doctored-evidence problem isn't new. Our oldest forms of recording—storytelling, writing, and painting—are laughably easy to hack. We've had to find ways to trust them nonetheless."—Daniel Immerwahr, The New Yorker "The Internet is awash in disinformation and conspiracy theories, with AI-generated 'deepfakes' looming on the horizon. A History of Fake Things on the Internet explains how fakes of all kinds have been a central part of Internet history and culture from the beginning. It is essential reading for understanding how we got here and where we are headed."—Sean Lawson, coauthor of Social Engineering: How Crowdmasters, Phreaks, Hackers, and Trolls Created a New Form of Manipulative Communication "In this captivating book, Walter J. Scheirer artfully combines the skills of a cultural critic, historian, and computer scientist to explore the many facets of technological duplicity. Going beyond cliches, the book delves into an array of historical and contemporary cases involving computer hackers, digital artists, media forensics specialists, and AI researchers. By doing so, he unveils how exactly emergent media becomes the basis for myths, falsehoods, and trickery, and with what consequences."—Gabriella Coleman, author of Hacker, Hoaxer, Whistleblower, Spy: The Many Faces of Anonymous "By historicizing fakeness online, Walter J. Scheirer helps readers understand the very real consequences, contexts, and stakes of digital participation. A fascinating study of creativity in all its forms—one that resists binary proclamations about what is good and creative and what is bad and destructive. Instead, the book says yes in many directions."—Whitney Phillips, coauthor of You Are Here: A Field Guide for Navigating Polarized Speech, Conspiracy Theories, and Our Polluted Media Landscape "Drawing on a framework developed by the pioneering anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss in the 1960s, Scheirer argues that humanity always occupies 'two parallel timelines: the physical world (i.e., the historical timeline) and the myth cycle (i.e., a fictional timeline).' Both are indispensable: We are confined to reality, but we cannot confront facts (or even make sense of them) without the salve of fiction."—Becca Rothfeld, Washington Post "Scheirer chronicles the development of select categories of internet fakery using historical touchstones.... Recommended."—S. Clerc, CHOICE "While Scheirer is far from the first to push back against hand-wringing about the status of our modern information ecosystem, his claim that the internet is only the latest evolution in media for human mythmaking stands out from other interpretations or dismissals of the disinformation problem.... Ultimately, Scheirer's book is a cool rejoinder that places this booming literature in a broader social and historical perspective."—Jacob Bruggeman, Discourse "A History of Fake Things on the Internet deviates from contemporary paranoia about deepfakes and misinformation to reimagine their societal function while also emphasizing the need for critical media literacy. Through its carefully curated case studies and interviews, the author invites readers to engage critically with the widespread impact of these fakes, emphasizing their significance in shaping contemporary culture and perceptions of truth."—Hadil Abuhmaid, H-Sci-Med-Tech

• 1. Restyling Reality2. On the Virtual Frontier of the Imagination3. Photoshop Fantasies4. Cheat Codes for Life5. Speculative Sleuths6. Virtualized Horror7. Dreams of a Clairvoyant AI8. Creative Spaces

Walter J. Scheirer is the Dennis O. Doughty Collegiate Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Notre Dame.

"There is something bold, perhaps reckless, in preaching serenity from the volcano's edge. But, as Scheirer points out, the doctored-evidence problem isn't new. Our oldest forms of recording—storytelling, writing, and painting—are laughably easy to hack. We've had to find ways to trust them nonetheless."—Daniel Immerwahr, The New Yorker "The Internet is awash in disinformation and conspiracy theories, with AI-generated 'deepfakes' looming on the horizon. A History of Fake Things on the Internet explains how fakes of all kinds have been a central part of Internet history and culture from the beginning. It is essential reading for understanding how we got here and where we are headed."—Sean Lawson, coauthor of Social Engineering: How Crowdmasters, Phreaks, Hackers, and Trolls Created a New Form of Manipulative Communication "In this captivating book, Walter J. Scheirer artfully combines the skills of a cultural critic, historian, and computer scientist to explore the many facets of technological duplicity. Going beyond cliches, the book delves into an array of historical and contemporary cases involving computer hackers, digital artists, media forensics specialists, and AI researchers. By doing so, he unveils how exactly emergent media becomes the basis for myths, falsehoods, and trickery, and with what consequences."—Gabriella Coleman, author of Hacker, Hoaxer, Whistleblower, Spy: The Many Faces of Anonymous "By historicizing fakeness online, Walter J. Scheirer helps readers understand the very real consequences, contexts, and stakes of digital participation. A fascinating study of creativity in all its forms—one that resists binary proclamations about what is good and creative and what is bad and destructive. Instead, the book says yes in many directions."—Whitney Phillips, coauthor of You Are Here: A Field Guide for Navigating Polarized Speech, Conspiracy Theories, and Our Polluted Media Landscape "Drawing on a framework developed by the pioneering anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss in the 1960s, Scheirer argues that humanity always occupies 'two parallel timelines: the physical world (i.e., the historical timeline) and the myth cycle (i.e., a fictional timeline).' Both are indispensable: We are confined to reality, but we cannot confront facts (or even make sense of them) without the salve of fiction."—Becca Rothfeld, Washington Post "Scheirer chronicles the development of select categories of internet fakery using historical touchstones.... Recommended."—S. Clerc, CHOICE "While Scheirer is far from the first to push back against hand-wringing about the status of our modern information ecosystem, his claim that the internet is only the latest evolution in media for human mythmaking stands out from other interpretations or dismissals of the disinformation problem.... Ultimately, Scheirer's book is a cool rejoinder that places this booming literature in a broader social and historical perspective."—Jacob Bruggeman, Discourse "A History of Fake Things on the Internet deviates from contemporary paranoia about deepfakes and misinformation to reimagine their societal function while also emphasizing the need for critical media literacy. Through its carefully curated case studies and interviews, the author invites readers to engage critically with the widespread impact of these fakes, emphasizing their significance in shaping contemporary culture and perceptions of truth."—Hadil Abuhmaid, H-Sci-Med-Tech

• 1. Restyling Reality2. On the Virtual Frontier of the Imagination3. Photoshop Fantasies4. Cheat Codes for Life5. Speculative Sleuths6. Virtualized Horror7. Dreams of a Clairvoyant AI8. Creative Spaces

Walter J. Scheirer is the Dennis O. Doughty Collegiate Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Notre Dame.

"There is something bold, perhaps reckless, in preaching serenity from the volcano's edge. But, as Scheirer points out, the doctored-evidence problem isn't new. Our oldest forms of recording—storytelling, writing, and painting—are laughably easy to hack. We've had to find ways to trust them nonetheless."—Daniel Immerwahr, The New Yorker "The Internet is awash in disinformation and conspiracy theories, with AI-generated 'deepfakes' looming on the horizon. A History of Fake Things on the Internet explains how fakes of all kinds have been a central part of Internet history and culture from the beginning. It is essential reading for understanding how we got here and where we are headed."—Sean Lawson, coauthor of Social Engineering: How Crowdmasters, Phreaks, Hackers, and Trolls Created a New Form of Manipulative Communication "In this captivating book, Walter J. Scheirer artfully combines the skills of a cultural critic, historian, and computer scientist to explore the many facets of technological duplicity. Going beyond cliches, the book delves into an array of historical and contemporary cases involving computer hackers, digital artists, media forensics specialists, and AI researchers. By doing so, he unveils how exactly emergent media becomes the basis for myths, falsehoods, and trickery, and with what consequences."—Gabriella Coleman, author of Hacker, Hoaxer, Whistleblower, Spy: The Many Faces of Anonymous "By historicizing fakeness online, Walter J. Scheirer helps readers understand the very real consequences, contexts, and stakes of digital participation. A fascinating study of creativity in all its forms—one that resists binary proclamations about what is good and creative and what is bad and destructive. Instead, the book says yes in many directions."—Whitney Phillips, coauthor of You Are Here: A Field Guide for Navigating Polarized Speech, Conspiracy Theories, and Our Polluted Media Landscape "Drawing on a framework developed by the pioneering anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss in the 1960s, Scheirer argues that humanity always occupies 'two parallel timelines: the physical world (i.e., the historical timeline) and the myth cycle (i.e., a fictional timeline).' Both are indispensable: We are confined to reality, but we cannot confront facts (or even make sense of them) without the salve of fiction."—Becca Rothfeld, Washington Post "Scheirer chronicles the development of select categories of internet fakery using historical touchstones.... Recommended."—S. Clerc, CHOICE "While Scheirer is far from the first to push back against hand-wringing about the status of our modern information ecosystem, his claim that the internet is only the latest evolution in media for human mythmaking stands out from other interpretations or dismissals of the disinformation problem.... Ultimately, Scheirer's book is a cool rejoinder that places this booming literature in a broader social and historical perspective."—Jacob Bruggeman, Discourse "A History of Fake Things on the Internet deviates from contemporary paranoia about deepfakes and misinformation to reimagine their societal function while also emphasizing the need for critical media literacy. Through its carefully curated case studies and interviews, the author invites readers to engage critically with the widespread impact of these fakes, emphasizing their significance in shaping contemporary culture and perceptions of truth."—Hadil Abuhmaid, H-Sci-Med-Tech

• 1. Restyling Reality2. On the Virtual Frontier of the Imagination3. Photoshop Fantasies4. Cheat Codes for Life5. Speculative Sleuths6. Virtualized Horror7. Dreams of a Clairvoyant AI8. Creative Spaces