Jennifer E. Lawson, PhD, is the creator of the Hands-On books published by Portage & Main Press. As senior writer and editor for the series, she has contributed to more than 50 publications for teachers and students. Jennifer provides professional development workshops for educators locally, nationally, and virtually, and is a Workplace Wellness Advisor. Her most recent book is a collective effort called Teacher, Take Care: A Guide to Well-Being and Workplace Wellness for Educators. She is also one of the founders of Mission to Mexico, an organization that supports schools in some of the most impoverished communities in Puerto Vallarta. Throughout her extensive career in education, Jennifer has worked as a classroom teacher, resource and special education teacher, consultant, principal, university instructor, and school trustee. She lives with her family in Winnipeg, Manitoba.Susan Atcheson, BSc in psychology, BEd, PBCE, certificate in special education, is a resource teacher in the St. James-Assiniboia School Division in Winnipeg, Manitoba. As an educator for the past 30 years, Susan has worked as a classroom teacher with children with learning disabilities, as a resource teacher at both the elementary and middle-years levels, and as a tutor for adult education. Susan believes in creating learning environments for children that engage and support curiosity and imagination while developing strong academic and social skills. Pat Steuart, BEd, is an elementary school teacher who has taught all subjects in primary grades 1 to 4. She currently teaches a multiage/grades 1–3 classroom. Pat believes in an activity-based approach to teaching and providing opportunities for students to share and discuss their solutions and ideas. She has taught courses in the Faculty of Education at the University of Manitoba. She resides in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Dayna Quinn-LaFleche, BEd, is the K–4 math and math-intervention teacher at Rosser Elementary School in the Interlake School Division in Rosser, Manitoba. She believes that students learn best through hands-on activities or experiences, and that when they make connections from the curriculum to real life, genuine education happens. She lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Denise MacRae, BHEc, EdCert, is a former primary school teacher who taught nursery to grade 3 for 29 years in the inner city of Winnipeg. She currently works as a faculty advisor for the University of Manitoba. She lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

• Introduction to Hands-On Problem Solving, Grade 2 1Program Introduction 2 Program Principles 2 Big Ideas in Mathematics 2 Communication 2 Connections 3 Mental Math 3 Estimation 3 Reasoning 4 Technology 4 Visualization 4 Problem Solving 5 What Is Problem Solving? 5 Best Practices in Teaching Problem Solving 5 Routine Problems 5 Non-Routine Problems 6 Extended Exploration Problems 7 Implementing the Hands-On Problem-Solving Program 7 Program Format 7 Planning Your Year of Problem Solving 7 Curricular Connections 8 Supporting Literacy During Problem Solving 8 The Questioning Process 8 Additional Resources 8 A Note About Pennies 8 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Problem Solving 10 Mathematics Correlation 11 Grade 2 Correlation Chart 11 The Hands-On Problem Solving Assessment Plan 13Assessment for Learning 13 Assessment as Learning 13 Assessment of Learning 14 Performance Assessment 14 Portfolios 14 Assessment Reproducibles 16 Routine Problems 25Implementation of Routine Problems 26 Problem Types 26 Teaching Routine Problems 27 1A Sarah Builds an Inuksuk 32 2A Miranda Bakes Pumpkin Pies to Sell at the Farmers’ Market 34 3A Coins in Your Pocket 36 4A Lance Paints His Face 38 5A Remembrance Day Poppies 40 6A Hannah Puts Stamps on Greeting Cards 43 7A Tom Collects Hockey Pucks 45 8A Cinnamon Hearts on Valentine’s Day Cookies 47 9A Colin Collects Stickers 49 10A Collections of 100 Items 51 1A Serena Collects Coins 54 12A Choir Practice at Recess 56 13A Touring the Bluenose II 58 14A How Much Water? 60 15A Washing the Dishes 62 16A Pennies in a Boat 65 17A How Many Hockey Sticks? 67 18A Titanium or Aluminum? 69 19A Jill Colours a Caterpillar 71 20A Tommy’s Tuba Pattern 73 21A A Pattern With Nickels 75 22A How Many Seals? 78 23A Ring-Toss Pattern 80 24A Celebrating Manitoba Day 82 25A Getting in Shape 84 26A Walter the Whooping Crane 86 27A A Picnic Problem 88 28A Measuring Fish 90 29A Building a Stool 92 30A Drawing Pentagons 94 31A Sorting Road Signs 96 32A Counting Balls 99 33A Surveying Classmates About Spiders 101 34A Counting Teeth Lost 103 35A Making Wind Devices 106 36A How Many Donuts? 109 37A Favourite Birthday Cake 111 38A Rebecca’s Family Recycling 113 39A Green Eggs and Ham 115 40A Dogs at Stanley’s Party 119 Non-Routine Problems 123Implementation of Non-Routine Problems 124 Teaching Non-Routine Problems 127 An Additional Resource for Solving Non-Routine Problems 129 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Non-Routine Problems 130 1B Collecting Plastic Bags 131 2B Sharing Gummy Bears 133 3B Coins in Cups 135 4B Number of the Day 138 5B Do Aliens Play Hopscotch? 141 6B Making a Birthday-Cake Glyph 144 7B A Venn Diagram for Hockey 150 8B A Heart Pattern 153 9B Evaporating Water 155 10B Which Stickers Are Stars? 157 11B Soccer Target Hit 160 12B How Old Are Vihn’s Grandparents? 163 13B What Number Am I? 166 14B Figuring Out the Cost of Stickers 168 15B Side-by-Side at the Movies 170 16B Buying Snacks 172 17B Number Sums Puzzler 1 176 18B Which Coins Do Amber and Julia Have? 179 19B How Old Are Lizzie and Lana? 182 20B Ricardo’s Baseball Jersey 184 21B Choosing a New Mouth Guard 186 22B A Golden Boy Model 190 23B Jeremiah and Chase Go Ice Fishing 192 24B Stone Soup 194 25B Coins in Mason’s Pocket 196 26B Number Sums Puzzler 2 198 27B Numbers on Model Race Cars 200 28B Monkeys Stealing Caps 202 29B Collections of 100 Things 204 30B Five Coins in the Piggybank 207 31B Months Mystery 209 32B Diorama Challenge 212 33B Mystery of the Missing Numbers 214 34B Favourite Cupcakes 216 35B Number Riddle 218 36B Making a Funny Monster 220 37B Counting Hairy Spider Legs 226 38B Getting Mortimer to Sleep 229 39B Pouring Liquids Down a Ramp 231 4 0B Number Sums Puzzler 3 233 Extended Exploration Problems 235Implementation of Extended Exploration Problems 236 Teaching Extended Exploration Problems 236 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Extended Explorations 240 1C The Terry Fox Run 241 2C Visit to a Local Food Bank 244 3C An Invitation to Moira’s Birthday 246 4C What’s in a Name? 248 5C LEGO Graphing 250 6C Quilt Pattern 253 7C Makeup Mess 258 8C A Glooscap Legend 263 9C 10 Is the Most Amazing Number! 267 10C A Gallery Walk of Masterpieces 270 Appendix 279References 290About the Authors 292

Jennifer E. Lawson, PhD, is the creator of the Hands-On books published by Portage & Main Press. As senior writer and editor for the series, she has contributed to more than 50 publications for teachers and students. Jennifer provides professional development workshops for educators locally, nationally, and virtually, and is a Workplace Wellness Advisor. Her most recent book is a collective effort called Teacher, Take Care: A Guide to Well-Being and Workplace Wellness for Educators. She is also one of the founders of Mission to Mexico, an organization that supports schools in some of the most impoverished communities in Puerto Vallarta. Throughout her extensive career in education, Jennifer has worked as a classroom teacher, resource and special education teacher, consultant, principal, university instructor, and school trustee. She lives with her family in Winnipeg, Manitoba.Susan Atcheson, BSc in psychology, BEd, PBCE, certificate in special education, is a resource teacher in the St. James-Assiniboia School Division in Winnipeg, Manitoba. As an educator for the past 30 years, Susan has worked as a classroom teacher with children with learning disabilities, as a resource teacher at both the elementary and middle-years levels, and as a tutor for adult education. Susan believes in creating learning environments for children that engage and support curiosity and imagination while developing strong academic and social skills. Pat Steuart, BEd, is an elementary school teacher who has taught all subjects in primary grades 1 to 4. She currently teaches a multiage/grades 1–3 classroom. Pat believes in an activity-based approach to teaching and providing opportunities for students to share and discuss their solutions and ideas. She has taught courses in the Faculty of Education at the University of Manitoba. She resides in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Dayna Quinn-LaFleche, BEd, is the K–4 math and math-intervention teacher at Rosser Elementary School in the Interlake School Division in Rosser, Manitoba. She believes that students learn best through hands-on activities or experiences, and that when they make connections from the curriculum to real life, genuine education happens. She lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Denise MacRae, BHEc, EdCert, is a former primary school teacher who taught nursery to grade 3 for 29 years in the inner city of Winnipeg. She currently works as a faculty advisor for the University of Manitoba. She lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

• Introduction to Hands-On Problem Solving, Grade 2 1Program Introduction 2 Program Principles 2 Big Ideas in Mathematics 2 Communication 2 Connections 3 Mental Math 3 Estimation 3 Reasoning 4 Technology 4 Visualization 4 Problem Solving 5 What Is Problem Solving? 5 Best Practices in Teaching Problem Solving 5 Routine Problems 5 Non-Routine Problems 6 Extended Exploration Problems 7 Implementing the Hands-On Problem-Solving Program 7 Program Format 7 Planning Your Year of Problem Solving 7 Curricular Connections 8 Supporting Literacy During Problem Solving 8 The Questioning Process 8 Additional Resources 8 A Note About Pennies 8 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Problem Solving 10 Mathematics Correlation 11 Grade 2 Correlation Chart 11 The Hands-On Problem Solving Assessment Plan 13Assessment for Learning 13 Assessment as Learning 13 Assessment of Learning 14 Performance Assessment 14 Portfolios 14 Assessment Reproducibles 16 Routine Problems 25Implementation of Routine Problems 26 Problem Types 26 Teaching Routine Problems 27 1A Sarah Builds an Inuksuk 32 2A Miranda Bakes Pumpkin Pies to Sell at the Farmers’ Market 34 3A Coins in Your Pocket 36 4A Lance Paints His Face 38 5A Remembrance Day Poppies 40 6A Hannah Puts Stamps on Greeting Cards 43 7A Tom Collects Hockey Pucks 45 8A Cinnamon Hearts on Valentine’s Day Cookies 47 9A Colin Collects Stickers 49 10A Collections of 100 Items 51 1A Serena Collects Coins 54 12A Choir Practice at Recess 56 13A Touring the Bluenose II 58 14A How Much Water? 60 15A Washing the Dishes 62 16A Pennies in a Boat 65 17A How Many Hockey Sticks? 67 18A Titanium or Aluminum? 69 19A Jill Colours a Caterpillar 71 20A Tommy’s Tuba Pattern 73 21A A Pattern With Nickels 75 22A How Many Seals? 78 23A Ring-Toss Pattern 80 24A Celebrating Manitoba Day 82 25A Getting in Shape 84 26A Walter the Whooping Crane 86 27A A Picnic Problem 88 28A Measuring Fish 90 29A Building a Stool 92 30A Drawing Pentagons 94 31A Sorting Road Signs 96 32A Counting Balls 99 33A Surveying Classmates About Spiders 101 34A Counting Teeth Lost 103 35A Making Wind Devices 106 36A How Many Donuts? 109 37A Favourite Birthday Cake 111 38A Rebecca’s Family Recycling 113 39A Green Eggs and Ham 115 40A Dogs at Stanley’s Party 119 Non-Routine Problems 123Implementation of Non-Routine Problems 124 Teaching Non-Routine Problems 127 An Additional Resource for Solving Non-Routine Problems 129 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Non-Routine Problems 130 1B Collecting Plastic Bags 131 2B Sharing Gummy Bears 133 3B Coins in Cups 135 4B Number of the Day 138 5B Do Aliens Play Hopscotch? 141 6B Making a Birthday-Cake Glyph 144 7B A Venn Diagram for Hockey 150 8B A Heart Pattern 153 9B Evaporating Water 155 10B Which Stickers Are Stars? 157 11B Soccer Target Hit 160 12B How Old Are Vihn’s Grandparents? 163 13B What Number Am I? 166 14B Figuring Out the Cost of Stickers 168 15B Side-by-Side at the Movies 170 16B Buying Snacks 172 17B Number Sums Puzzler 1 176 18B Which Coins Do Amber and Julia Have? 179 19B How Old Are Lizzie and Lana? 182 20B Ricardo’s Baseball Jersey 184 21B Choosing a New Mouth Guard 186 22B A Golden Boy Model 190 23B Jeremiah and Chase Go Ice Fishing 192 24B Stone Soup 194 25B Coins in Mason’s Pocket 196 26B Number Sums Puzzler 2 198 27B Numbers on Model Race Cars 200 28B Monkeys Stealing Caps 202 29B Collections of 100 Things 204 30B Five Coins in the Piggybank 207 31B Months Mystery 209 32B Diorama Challenge 212 33B Mystery of the Missing Numbers 214 34B Favourite Cupcakes 216 35B Number Riddle 218 36B Making a Funny Monster 220 37B Counting Hairy Spider Legs 226 38B Getting Mortimer to Sleep 229 39B Pouring Liquids Down a Ramp 231 4 0B Number Sums Puzzler 3 233 Extended Exploration Problems 235Implementation of Extended Exploration Problems 236 Teaching Extended Exploration Problems 236 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Extended Explorations 240 1C The Terry Fox Run 241 2C Visit to a Local Food Bank 244 3C An Invitation to Moira’s Birthday 246 4C What’s in a Name? 248 5C LEGO Graphing 250 6C Quilt Pattern 253 7C Makeup Mess 258 8C A Glooscap Legend 263 9C 10 Is the Most Amazing Number! 267 10C A Gallery Walk of Masterpieces 270 Appendix 279References 290About the Authors 292

Jennifer E. Lawson, PhD, is the creator of the Hands-On books published by Portage & Main Press. As senior writer and editor for the series, she has contributed to more than 50 publications for teachers and students. Jennifer provides professional development workshops for educators locally, nationally, and virtually, and is a Workplace Wellness Advisor. Her most recent book is a collective effort called Teacher, Take Care: A Guide to Well-Being and Workplace Wellness for Educators. She is also one of the founders of Mission to Mexico, an organization that supports schools in some of the most impoverished communities in Puerto Vallarta. Throughout her extensive career in education, Jennifer has worked as a classroom teacher, resource and special education teacher, consultant, principal, university instructor, and school trustee. She lives with her family in Winnipeg, Manitoba.Susan Atcheson, BSc in psychology, BEd, PBCE, certificate in special education, is a resource teacher in the St. James-Assiniboia School Division in Winnipeg, Manitoba. As an educator for the past 30 years, Susan has worked as a classroom teacher with children with learning disabilities, as a resource teacher at both the elementary and middle-years levels, and as a tutor for adult education. Susan believes in creating learning environments for children that engage and support curiosity and imagination while developing strong academic and social skills. Pat Steuart, BEd, is an elementary school teacher who has taught all subjects in primary grades 1 to 4. She currently teaches a multiage/grades 1–3 classroom. Pat believes in an activity-based approach to teaching and providing opportunities for students to share and discuss their solutions and ideas. She has taught courses in the Faculty of Education at the University of Manitoba. She resides in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Dayna Quinn-LaFleche, BEd, is the K–4 math and math-intervention teacher at Rosser Elementary School in the Interlake School Division in Rosser, Manitoba. She believes that students learn best through hands-on activities or experiences, and that when they make connections from the curriculum to real life, genuine education happens. She lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Denise MacRae, BHEc, EdCert, is a former primary school teacher who taught nursery to grade 3 for 29 years in the inner city of Winnipeg. She currently works as a faculty advisor for the University of Manitoba. She lives in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

• Introduction to Hands-On Problem Solving, Grade 2 1Program Introduction 2 Program Principles 2 Big Ideas in Mathematics 2 Communication 2 Connections 3 Mental Math 3 Estimation 3 Reasoning 4 Technology 4 Visualization 4 Problem Solving 5 What Is Problem Solving? 5 Best Practices in Teaching Problem Solving 5 Routine Problems 5 Non-Routine Problems 6 Extended Exploration Problems 7 Implementing the Hands-On Problem-Solving Program 7 Program Format 7 Planning Your Year of Problem Solving 7 Curricular Connections 8 Supporting Literacy During Problem Solving 8 The Questioning Process 8 Additional Resources 8 A Note About Pennies 8 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Problem Solving 10 Mathematics Correlation 11 Grade 2 Correlation Chart 11 The Hands-On Problem Solving Assessment Plan 13Assessment for Learning 13 Assessment as Learning 13 Assessment of Learning 14 Performance Assessment 14 Portfolios 14 Assessment Reproducibles 16 Routine Problems 25Implementation of Routine Problems 26 Problem Types 26 Teaching Routine Problems 27 1A Sarah Builds an Inuksuk 32 2A Miranda Bakes Pumpkin Pies to Sell at the Farmers’ Market 34 3A Coins in Your Pocket 36 4A Lance Paints His Face 38 5A Remembrance Day Poppies 40 6A Hannah Puts Stamps on Greeting Cards 43 7A Tom Collects Hockey Pucks 45 8A Cinnamon Hearts on Valentine’s Day Cookies 47 9A Colin Collects Stickers 49 10A Collections of 100 Items 51 1A Serena Collects Coins 54 12A Choir Practice at Recess 56 13A Touring the Bluenose II 58 14A How Much Water? 60 15A Washing the Dishes 62 16A Pennies in a Boat 65 17A How Many Hockey Sticks? 67 18A Titanium or Aluminum? 69 19A Jill Colours a Caterpillar 71 20A Tommy’s Tuba Pattern 73 21A A Pattern With Nickels 75 22A How Many Seals? 78 23A Ring-Toss Pattern 80 24A Celebrating Manitoba Day 82 25A Getting in Shape 84 26A Walter the Whooping Crane 86 27A A Picnic Problem 88 28A Measuring Fish 90 29A Building a Stool 92 30A Drawing Pentagons 94 31A Sorting Road Signs 96 32A Counting Balls 99 33A Surveying Classmates About Spiders 101 34A Counting Teeth Lost 103 35A Making Wind Devices 106 36A How Many Donuts? 109 37A Favourite Birthday Cake 111 38A Rebecca’s Family Recycling 113 39A Green Eggs and Ham 115 40A Dogs at Stanley’s Party 119 Non-Routine Problems 123Implementation of Non-Routine Problems 124 Teaching Non-Routine Problems 127 An Additional Resource for Solving Non-Routine Problems 129 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Non-Routine Problems 130 1B Collecting Plastic Bags 131 2B Sharing Gummy Bears 133 3B Coins in Cups 135 4B Number of the Day 138 5B Do Aliens Play Hopscotch? 141 6B Making a Birthday-Cake Glyph 144 7B A Venn Diagram for Hockey 150 8B A Heart Pattern 153 9B Evaporating Water 155 10B Which Stickers Are Stars? 157 11B Soccer Target Hit 160 12B How Old Are Vihn’s Grandparents? 163 13B What Number Am I? 166 14B Figuring Out the Cost of Stickers 168 15B Side-by-Side at the Movies 170 16B Buying Snacks 172 17B Number Sums Puzzler 1 176 18B Which Coins Do Amber and Julia Have? 179 19B How Old Are Lizzie and Lana? 182 20B Ricardo’s Baseball Jersey 184 21B Choosing a New Mouth Guard 186 22B A Golden Boy Model 190 23B Jeremiah and Chase Go Ice Fishing 192 24B Stone Soup 194 25B Coins in Mason’s Pocket 196 26B Number Sums Puzzler 2 198 27B Numbers on Model Race Cars 200 28B Monkeys Stealing Caps 202 29B Collections of 100 Things 204 30B Five Coins in the Piggybank 207 31B Months Mystery 209 32B Diorama Challenge 212 33B Mystery of the Missing Numbers 214 34B Favourite Cupcakes 216 35B Number Riddle 218 36B Making a Funny Monster 220 37B Counting Hairy Spider Legs 226 38B Getting Mortimer to Sleep 229 39B Pouring Liquids Down a Ramp 231 4 0B Number Sums Puzzler 3 233 Extended Exploration Problems 235Implementation of Extended Exploration Problems 236 Teaching Extended Exploration Problems 236 Reproducible to Guide and Support Learning – Extended Explorations 240 1C The Terry Fox Run 241 2C Visit to a Local Food Bank 244 3C An Invitation to Moira’s Birthday 246 4C What’s in a Name? 248 5C LEGO Graphing 250 6C Quilt Pattern 253 7C Makeup Mess 258 8C A Glooscap Legend 263 9C 10 Is the Most Amazing Number! 267 10C A Gallery Walk of Masterpieces 270 Appendix 279References 290About the Authors 292