Analysis of Genuine Karate 2

Hermann Bayer, Ph.D. Degrees in economics, sociology, and psychology, Hermann has worked in academia (scientist and campus dean) and as a CEO in the private sector (Germany). He immigrated to the USA in 2005.Hermann’s karate training began in Europe (1981) with Japanese karate-do until he transitioned to Okinawan karate in the USA (2016). He has spent considerable time with renown Japanese, Western, and Okinawan karate teachers, all the while researching the core essence of the style they represent. Hermann Bayer resides in Virginia Beach, VA.

"Hermann Bayer once again provides fresh perspectives and prudent explanations of the complex developments of karate-jutsu into karatedo and into sports-karate. He not only dares, in his seventies, to successfully add a combat karate system from scratch up to black belt to his thirty years of karatedo training, but he assesses his training observations and experiences with analytic acumen and astute research."—Noel Smith, Hanshi 9th Dan Yamashita International Budo Association, Kyoshi, 8th Dan Shorin Ryu, Shorinkan, head coach for the US karate team (1973 to 1978), USA Karate Hall of Fame Inductee (1976) "All who are serious about knowing more concerning the early life protection methods developed on Okinawa, and how they’ve “morphed” since then to become the karate-do many know today, will applaud this latest work by Dr. Bayer. I found it to be just as important to the future of genuine Okinawan karate as his first book, if not more so. This well-researched, comprehensive blend of history, philosophy, martial culture, and informed opinion educates our judgment when it comes to the reasons practitioners are rarely exposed to more than a glimpse of “genuine karate” these days, on Okinawa or elsewhere. This book fills numerous gaps in our understanding of that which we seek to learn and share. It provides thoughtful perspectives and honest appraisals—all with the intention of helping us steer a “true course.”" —William “Bill” Hayes, Hanshi, 9th Dan Shorin Ryu, Shobayashi-Kan, Major United States Marine Corps (retired), Karate Masters’ Hall of Fame and American-Okinawan Karate Association Hall of Fame Inductee, award-winning author of My Journey with the Grandmaster: Reflections of an American Martial Artist on Okinawa "Supported by historical and socio-cultural facts, scientific analysis, and public records, Bayer examines how Japan reinterpreted Okinawan karate to best serve its own nationalistic agenda. Through his collective analyses he quantifies karate as an industry and reveals a complex and convoluted evolution, aptly illuminating the motivations behind various stakeholders." —Patrick McCarthy, Hanshi 9th Dan, ranks in jujutsu, judo, Yamaneryu kobudo, and Japanese swordsmanship; martial arts researcher, historian, and best-selling author. Director of the International Ryukyu Karate Research Society, Canadian Black Belt Hall of Fame Inductee (2012) "Once again, the author, Dr Hermann Bayer, invites karateka around the world to look at their art through the lens of reality rather than myth. His dedication to budo karate is clear, but that enthusiasm is put to one side as he burrows further into the legends, propaganda, and misinformation entrenched in modern-day karate, a field of study and practice where many students and teachers regularly mistake fiction for fact and place imagery over substance. As with his first volume, a level of discomfort while reading this book should not be unexpected. The book challenges the reader to examine their beliefs, and that alone makes the work a valuable tool in the learning of karate. I wholeheartedly recommend this book to anyone making a serious study of karate." —Michael Clarke, Kyoshi, 8th Dan Okinawan Goju-Ryu, award-winning author of The Art of Hojo Undo, Shin Gi Tai, and others "The first source for you to learn more about your karate. Analysis of Genuine Karate 2 is second to none!" —Kris Wilder, 6th Dan Goju-Ryu, black belt taekwondo and judo, USA Karate Hall of Fame Inductee (2018), award-winning author of more than twenty marital arts books, including The Way of Kata, The Way of Sanchin Kata, and others "Analysis of Genuine Karate 2 follows the first volume nicely. This is an insightful look at the multiple directions modern karate is taking based on the historic roots discussed in the first volume. An excellent reference for anyone interested in the history of karate and the directions it is currently moving toward." —Raymond “Gene” Adkins, Renshi 6th Dan Shorin Ryu, Shorinkan "Dr. Bayer’s Analysis of Genuine Karate 2 expands on and develops a further analysis of the concepts and relationships of karate-jutsu, karatedo, and sports-karate. Drawing on an anthology of publications, educational materials, people, places, and concepts, Dr. Bayer furthers his analysis of what he has termed “Genuine Karate,” discussing how it evolved, retreated, and is reinventing itself. Volume 2 is a wonderful exploration of his research and findings and his relevant exploration of Okinawa’s “Gift to the World”―Okinawan karate." —Ted Jacobson, Renshi, 6th Dan Shorin Ryu, Shorinkan "Analysis of Genuine Karate 2 is a book that reflects a love, devotion, dedication, and level of knowledge that in my opinion is comparable to, if not exceeds, anything that has been published on the topic." —Bernard N. Curry, PhD, LCSW, CSOTP, CCTP, university professor

• Introduction: Structure of the Text, Research, and AnalysisContent and StructureMethods and Analysis UsedQuantitative and Qualitative Research Characteristics   Chapter I: Avoiding a Fundamental Misunderstanding: Why Different Terms Are Needed for Today’s Different Karate VariationsClassic Okinawan Karate JutsuTraditional Japanese Karate-DoModern Sports-KarateChapter II: Did Karate-Jutsu Originate in Okinawa or in China? A Contribution to Historic Reasoning in Martial Arts HistoryThroughout History Foreign Knowledge Is Integrated into Existing IdeasChina Is the Birthplace of Ch'üan fa,Japan Is the Birthplace of Bu-Jutsu,Okinawa Is the Birthplace of Karate-JutsuIs the Presented Reasoning Plausible?Summary Chapter IIChapter III: Japan’s Assertion of Okinawan Karate―How a Sub-Cultural Intangible Heritage Is Used as a National Cultural SymbolOkinawa’s History Creates Unique Socio-Cultural ConditionsAssertion of a Sub-Cultural Symbol as a National Cultural SymbolThe First Reason For The Japanization of Okinawan Karate: Japan’s Preparations for WarKarate and Budo as Means to Create an All-Embracing Warrior SpiritKarate as Means to Secure the Human Raw Material for Japan’s Armed Forces and to Demonstrate Socio-Cultural SuperiorityThe Second Reason For The Japanization of Okinawan Karate: Japan’s Cultural Integration EffortsConformity and Group Orientation in Japanese CultureSenpai Seniority as Social Mechanism to Integrate Karate into Japan’s Martial Arts TraditionSummary Chapter IIIChapter IV: The Metamorphosis of an Ancient Fighting Art into Athletic ShowmanshipCommercialization of Sports-Karate and Its ConsequencesConsequence One: Loss of Essential KnowledgeOffensive Moves Changed into Defensive OnesSystematic Knowledge About Nerve Strikes And Grappling Came to Be PatchyExcurse: A Psychological Perspective of Sensei Itosu’s Motivation to Teach Karate to KidsConsequence Two: The Unity of Kata and Kumite Separated into Unconnected Sport DisciplinesKumite’s Changed Purpose in Sports KarateKata’s Changed Role and Purpose in Sports KarateConsequence Three: The Modern Misconception of Avoiding a Fight by All MeansKarate-Jutsu’s Initial Moral CodeModern AlterationsViolence against Women, Karate-Jutsu and Karate-Do (by Dr. Joyce Trafton)Summary Chapter IVChapter V: The Path to Mastery in Karate-Jutsu―Growing into Higher Levels of Understanding Karate-JutsuThree Core Components of MasteryAdvanced Stage of Holistic Perception and InsightAdvanced Level of Knowledge and Understanding“Automatic” Application of Insight and KnowledgeMilestones on a Path towards Mastery“Inductive” vs. “Deductive” Learning Karate-JutsuSensei Correct Errors and Blunders, Mistakes You Have to Correct YourselfNo More True Mastery in Today’s Changed World?Summary Chapter VChapter VI: The Outlook―What Happens to Karate in the 21st Century?‘Arts and Crafts Movement’ as Counterculture to Industrialization Offers a Historic BlueprintToday’s Karate-Jutsu Movement Is the Counterculture to Karate-Do’s IndustrializationPostwar Industrialization and Commercialization of Japanese Karate-Do‘Back to the Roots’ Karate-Jutsu Movement as Countercultural ResponseThe Resulting New Market StructureSports-Karate Remains the Prevalent TypeKarate-Do Perpetuates Japanization’s Lasting Impact but Will Improve with Additional Karate-Jutsu IncorporationsA Group of Dedicated Karate-Jutsu Curators Will Secure the Art’s Genuine Points of ReferenceList of AbbreviationsExplanation of Asian TermsList of Photos and GraphsReferencesIndexBibliographical Note