Phonological Core Dyslexia in Secondary School Students

Julie Marinac, Ph.D. Dr. Julie Marinac is a lecturer in Speech Pathology at the University of Queensland who has, as her primary research interest, phonological processing based literacy difficulties (e.g., Phonological Core Dyslexia) in secondary school students. Over the past five years, Marinac has been working with the staff of two major secondary schools to explore the prevalence, assessment, and remediation of these difficulties at both the clinical and classroom levels. This has led to the publication of a screening instrument, reference book for students, clinical/support program, and classroom-based intervention programs written specifically for students in years 7-12 - a fascinating and rewarding population.

• Introduction Chapter One: Defining Dyslexia Sub-types of Dyslexia Visual Perceptual Dyslexia Surface Dyslexia Deep or Phonological Dyslexia Phonological Awareness Phonological Core Dyslexia Secondary school students Phonological Core Dyslexia defined Compensated dyslexia The Process of Reading and Writing Summary Chapter two: Characteristics And Presentation Causality Physiological Evidence Genetic / Familial Factors Environmental Influences Language Environment Learning Environment Definitions and terminology: phonetics, phonemes, phonology and phonics Language and literacy learning paradigms Literacy Environment Students with PCD in the secondary school classroom Characteristics and effects noted in the literature Characteristics and effects noted by classroom teachers Characteristics and effects reported by secondary school students Summary Chapter Three: Identifying and Assessing PCD Summary Chapter Four: Screening For PCD in the Classroom Part A Task 1 Part A Task 2 . Part A Task 3 Part A Task 4A Part A Task 4B . Selecting an assessment tool . Skills to be assessed . The QUIL CTOPP . LAC-3 TAPS-3 Summary: Frequently Asked Questions Chapter Five: Intervention for Phonological Awareness Disorder Early intervention for Phonological Awareness difficulties Additional intervention elements from the literature Information from students and teachers Auditory Memory Deficits Phonological Awareness / Phonological Processing Deficits Metalinguistic Deficits General Deficits Summary Chapter Six: Intervention for Phonological Core Dyslexia Service delivery agents and student cohorts Educate, Remediate, and Accommodate Educate Remediate Accommodate PATHS - S: Service delivery issues PATHS - S: Areas of intervention Interhemispheric transfer Learning styles and multiple intelligences Letter-sound correlation Auditory memory skills Metalinguistic knowledge Written language skill instruction Filling in the gaps Summary Chapter Seven: Classroom-Based Intervention for PCD The model for the restructure The classroom programme - an overview Phonological Awareness, encoding and decoding for literacy learning Metacognitive skills for literacy learning Summary Chapter Eight: PCD and Intervention: Evidence and Implications Evidence from the literature Preliminary research studies: Identification and intervention Study 1:- Screening for PA using PATHS-CII Study 2:- Evidence from a pair-wise, controlled study of academic results Study 3: Post PATHS-Support feedback data from students General comments: PCD: Evidence from the three teachers Reflective Essay 1: Learning Support Aide Reflective Essay 2: Learning Support Co-ordinator Reflective Essay 3: Classroom Teacher PCD: Evidence from some students Student Reflection One Student Reflection Two Student Reflection Three Student Reflection Four Additional Student Comments Additional implications for students and educators Future directions Summary: 10 Essential Questions References