Targums

Paul V. M. Flesher is Associate Professor of Religious Studies and Director of the Religious Studies Program at the University of Wyoming. Flesher helped establish the International Organization for Targumic Study and is the founding editor of Studies in the Aramaic Interpretation of Scripture. He lives in Laramie, Wyoming.Bruce Chilton is Bernard Iddings Bell Professor of Religion at Bard College in Annandale, New York. His previous books include The Glory of Israel, Targumic Approaches to the Gospels, and A Galilean Rabbi and His Bible.

"Chilton and Flesher have finally given us the critical introduction to the Targums that has been needed for decades. The Targums is an excellent book that defines and explains these important Aramaic translations of Hebrew Scripture with with nuance and insight. Anyone interested in biblical interpretation--Jewish or Christian--must read this book. I recommend it with enthusiasm." --Craig A. Evans, Payzant Distinguished Professor of New Testament, Acadia Divinity College, Nova Scotia, Canada

• PrefaceAcknowledgmentsList of AbbreviationsSection I: Getting Started1 Introduction2 Defining Targum3 The Seven Rules of Targum4 Rabbinic LiteratureSection II: The Pentateuchal Targums5 Pentateuchal Targums: The Basics6 Sources of the Palestinian Targums7 Targum Onqelos and the Targums of Israel8 The Pentateuchal Targums in Rabbinic Literature9 Dating the Targums of IsraelSection III: The Targums of the Prophets and the Writings10 Targum Jonathan of the Prophets: Its Development as Revealed by the Targum of Isaiah11 Targum Jonathan: Former and Latter Prophets12 Targums to the WritingsSection IV: The Targums in Late-Antique Judaism13 Aramaic in Judaism14 Targums and Translation in the History of Rabbinic Literature15 Targum as Scripture and Hidden Interpretation16 Ancient Scripture TranslationsSection V: The Targums and Early Christianity17 Comparing the Targums and the New Testament18 The Aramaic Retroversion of Jesus Sayings19 The Fourth Gospel and Targumic MemraSection VI: Conclusions and Prospects20 Genesis 22 in the Targumim and in Early Jewish and Christian Interpretation21 Targums in the Rabbinic World and BeyondAppendix A: The Parallel Expansions of Genesis 28-50Appendix B: A Guide to Babylonian PointingGlossaryBibliographyIndex