Paolo Favilli was a professor of Contemporary History and Head of Humanities Department at Genoa University. He is a scholar of the History of Cultures of Socialism. His studies on the history of Marxism include Il Socialismo italiano e la teoria economica di Marx (Bibliopolis, 1980), Marxismo e storia. Saggio sull’innovazione storiografica in Italia (1945-1970) (FrancoAngeli, 2006) and Il Marxismo e le sue storie (FrancoAngeli, 2016).

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• Preface to the English EditionChapter OneThe 1860s and 1870s: Marxism rejected, and the humus of Marxism1.1 The democratic antithesis1.2. The anarchist antithesisChapter TwoThe Marxism of the 1880s: the characteristics of a transition2.1. Socialist culture: sociology2.2. Socialist culture: political economyChapter ThreeThe Marxism of the 1890s: Foundation – and Orthodoxy?3.1. The ‘Partito marxista’3.2. Between ideology, science, utopia and religio3.3. ‘The anatomy of civil society’3.4. The end-of-century Marxist corpusChapter FourHistorical Materialism4.1. What philosophy? What philosophy of history?4.2. Materialism and a ‘philosophy for socialism’Chapter FiveMarxism and Reformism5.1. Did reformism have theoretical roots? On the question of ‘catastrophism’5.2. Turati, the ‘Marxist’ and ‘reformist’5.3. The economic theory of the workers’ movement5.4. The articulations of non-Marxist reformism, the returns of history, and again on reformist MarxismChapter SixMarxism and Revolutionary Syndicalism6.1. Did syndicalism have roots in end-of-the-century ‘revisionism’?6.2. Early definitions of a ‘Left’-Marxism6.3. Enrico Leone’s and Arturo Labriola’s Marx in the ‘high’ period of syndicalist theory6.4. Marxism and elitism in the universe of ‘minor’ syndicalist intellectuals6.5. De hominis dignitate. A workers’ syndicalist Marxism? La Scintilla in Ferrara and Il Martello in PiombinoReferencesIndex