Sylvia Valenzuela holds a Ph.D. in criminology, law and society from the University of California, Irvine, and is a lecturer in the Department of Criminal Justice at San Diego State University.Paul Kaplan holds a Ph.D. in criminology, law, and society from the University of California, Irvine. He is an associate professor of criminal justice at San Diego State University.Stuart Henry earned his Ph.D. at the University of Kent, United Kingdom. He is director of the School of Public Affairs at San Diego State University and former co-editor of Western Criminology Review.

Sylvia Valenzuela holds a Ph.D. in criminology, law and society from the University of California, Irvine, and is a lecturer in the Department of Criminal Justice at San Diego State University.Paul Kaplan holds a Ph.D. in criminology, law, and society from the University of California, Irvine. He is an associate professor of criminal justice at San Diego State University.Stuart Henry earned his Ph.D. at the University of Kent, United Kingdom. He is director of the School of Public Affairs at San Diego State University and former co-editor of Western Criminology Review.

Sylvia Valenzuela holds a Ph.D. in criminology, law and society from the University of California, Irvine, and is a lecturer in the Department of Criminal Justice at San Diego State University.Paul Kaplan holds a Ph.D. in criminology, law, and society from the University of California, Irvine. He is an associate professor of criminal justice at San Diego State University.Stuart Henry earned his Ph.D. at the University of Kent, United Kingdom. He is director of the School of Public Affairs at San Diego State University and former co-editor of Western Criminology Review.