Laboratory Manual for Exercise Physiology

G. Gregory Haff, PhD, CSCS,*D, FNSCA, is a full professor and the course coordinator for the postgraduate degree in strength and conditioning at Edith Cowan University in Joondalup, Australia. Haff has published more than 150 articles, centering his research on performance effects in the areas of strength training, cycling, and nutritional supplementation.Haff is a past president of the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) and a senior associate editor for the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. He was the United Kingdom Strength and Conditioning Association (UKSCA) Strength and Conditioning Coach of the Year for Education and Research and the 2011 NSCA William J. Kraemer Outstanding Sport Scientist Award winner. He is a certified strength and conditioning specialist with distinction (CSCS,*D), a UKSCA-accredited strength and conditioning coach (ASCC), and an accredited Australian Strength and Conditioning Association level 2 strength and conditioning coach.Additionally, Haff is a national-level weightlifting coach in the United States and Australia. He serves as a consultant for numerous sporting bodies, including teams in the Australian Football League, Australian Rugby Union, Australian Basketball Association, and National Football League.Charles Dumke, PhD, is a full professor and graduate program coordinator in the School of Integrative Physiology and Athletic Training at the University of Montana. He has taught both undergraduate and graduate courses in exercise physiology and sport nutrition for over 20 years. He earned his doctoral degree in kinesiology from the University of Wisconsin at Madison. His areas of interest in exercise science are energy expenditure, fuel utilization, economy of movement, mechanisms of mitochondrial adaptation, and diabetes. He has published more than 120 peer-reviewed articles.In his free time, Dumke enjoys competing in triathlons, biking, running, taking on building projects with little know-how, and coaching his son in all sorts of sports.

• Laboratory 1. Primary Data CollectionTest VariablesMeasurement TerminologyMetric ConversionsBackground and Environmental InformationDescriptive StatisticsPresentation of ResultsInterpretation of DataPoster PresentationsLaboratory Activity 1.1 Basic DataLaboratory Activity 1.2 Statistical ProceduresLaboratory Activity 1.3 Tables and GraphsLaboratory Activity 1.4 Creating a Poster PresentationLaboratory 2. Pretest ScreeningInformed ConsentPhysical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for EveryoneHealth History QuestionnaireSigns and Symptoms of Disease and Medical ClearanceCoronary Risk Factor AnalysisLifestyle EvaluationDisease Risk StratificationLaboratory Activity 2.1 Basic Screening ProceduresLaboratory Activity 2.2 Pretest ResultsLaboratory 3. Flexibility TestingDirect and Indirect ROM AssessmentBody AreasBeighton Scoring SystemLaboratory Activity 3.1 Traditional, Wall, V-Sit, and Chair Sit-and-Reach Test ComparisonsLaboratory Activity 3.2 YMCA, Backsaver, and Goniometer Test ComparisonsLaboratory Activity 3.3 Canadian, Traditional, and Backsaver Sit-and-Reach Test ComparisonsLaboratory Activity 3.4 Shoulder Flexibility Test ComparisonsLaboratory Activity 3.5 Measuring Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion (ROM)Laboratory Activity 3.6 Beighton Scoring System TestLaboratory 4. Blood Pressure MeasurementsBlood Pressure Responses to ExerciseAccurate Blood Pressure ChecksBlood Pressure DevicesLaboratory Activity 4.1 Effects of Body Position on Blood PressureLaboratory Activity 4.2 Effects of Dynamic Exercise on Blood PressureLaboratory Activity 4.3 Effects of Isometric Contractions on Blood PressureLaboratory 5. Resting Metabolic Rate DeterminationsAerobic Metabolism and Respiratory Exchange RatioTotal Energy Expenditure and Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)Laboratory Activity 5.1 Estimating Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)Laboratory Activity 5.2 Measuring Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)Laboratory 6. Oxygen Deficit and EPOC EvaluationsTransition From Rest to ExerciseOxygen Uptake During Exercise and RecoveryLaboratory Activity 6.1 Calculation of Oxygen Deficit and EPOC on a TreadmillLaboratory Activity 6.2 Calculation of Oxygen Deficit and EPOC on a BikeLaboratory Activity 6.3 EPOC Following a Wingate TestLaboratory 7. Submaximal Exercise TestingMeasurement of Heart RateRating of Perceived ExertionLaboratory Activity 7.1 Submaximal Bench Step TestLaboratory Activity 7.2 Submaximal Treadmill TestLaboratory Activity 7.3 Submaximal Cycle Ergometer TestLaboratory 8. Aerobic Power Field AssessmentsCooper 1.5-Mile Run/Walk TestCooper 12-Minute Run/Walk TestRockport Fitness Walking Test6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)Laboratory Activity 8.1 Cooper 1.5-Mile Run/Walk Test and 12-Minute Run/Walk TestLaboratory Activity 8.2 Rockport Fitness Walking TestLaboratory Activity 8.3 6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT)Laboratory 9. High-Intensity Fitness TestingLÉger 20 m Shuttle Run TestYo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test30-15 Intermittent Fitness TestLaboratory Activity 9.1 LÉger 20 m Shuttle Run Test (20mSRT)Laboratory Activity 9.2 Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Yo-Yo IRT)Laboratory Activity 9.3 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT-40m)Laboratory Activity 9.4 Modified 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT-28m)Laboratory 10. Maximal Oxygen Consumption MeasurementsSelecting a Test ProtocolMonitoring Progress With RPE ScalesEstimating Fuel Usage With RERVentilatory ThresholdLaboratory Activity 10.1 Graded Treadmill VO2max TestLaboratory Activity 10.2 Cycle Ergometer VO2max TestLaboratory 11. Blood Lactate Threshold AssessmentDetermining the Deflection PointSelecting a Test MethodRole of the Ventilatory ThresholdLaboratory Activity 11.1 Blood Lactate Measurement at RestLaboratory Activity 11.2 LT During an Incremental Cycle TestLaboratory Activity 11.3 Blood Lactate After Anaerobic ExerciseLaboratory 12. Musculoskeletal Fitness MeasurementsAssessments of Muscular StrengthAssessments of Muscular EnduranceLaboratory Activity 12.1 Maximal Upper-Body StrengthLaboratory Activity 12.2 Creating a Load-Velocity Profile and Predicting 1RMLaboratory Activity 12.3 Maximal Lower-Body StrengthLaboratory Activity 12.4 Maximal Handgrip StrengthLaboratory Activity 12.5 Upper-Body Muscular EnduranceLaboratory 13. Anaerobic Fitness MeasurementsSprinting Performance Tests for Estimating Horizontal PowerJumping Performance Tests for Determining Vertical PowerFormulas for Estimating Vertical PowerTesting Interlimb Asymmetries With Bilateral and Unilateral Jump TestsBosco Test for Estimating Power EnduranceDetermining the Eccentric Utilization RatioWingate Anaerobic Test for Determining Anaerobic Cycling PowerMargaria-Kalamen Stair-Climb Test for Determining Anaerobic PowerLaboratory Activity 13.1 Sprinting PerformanceLaboratory Activity 13.2 Jumping PerformanceLaboratory Activity 13.3 Jumping Performance With a Switch MatLaboratory Activity 13.4 Jump Performance: Comparing a Smartphone App With a Switch MatLaboratory Activity 13.5 Determining Asymmetries With a Force PlateLaboratory Activity 13.6 Power EnduranceLaboratory Activity 13.7 Anaerobic Cycling PowerLaboratory Activity 13.8 Margaria-Kalamen Stair-Climb TestLaboratory 14. Pulmonary Function TestingPulmonary Function TestingPulmonary Function Testing as a Tool for Diagnosing Pulmonary DiseaseRespiratory Limitations on ExerciseLaboratory Activity 14.1 Lung Volumes and CapacitiesLaboratory Activity 14.2 Pulmonary FunctionLaboratory Activity 14.3 Exercise-Induced Ventilatory LimitationsLaboratory Activity 14.4 Exercise-Induced AsthmaLaboratory 15. Body Composition AssessmentsBody Composition ModelsBMI for Categorizing Health RiskCircumference Measurements and Health RiskSkinfold Thickness as a Measure of Body FatLaboratory Activity 15.1 BMI and Circumference DataLaboratory Activity 15.2 Bioelectrical ImpedanceLaboratory Activity 15.3 Techniques for Measuring Skinfold ThicknessLaboratory Activity 15.4 Estimating Relative Body Fat Using HydrodensitometryLaboratory 16. Electrocardiograph MeasurementsElectrical Activity of the HeartPlacement of ECG LeadsInterpreting the ECG RecordingECG as a Tool for Diagnosing Cardiac AbnormalitiesHeart Rate Response to ExerciseLaboratory Activity 16.1 Resting ECGLaboratory Activity 16.2 Effects of Body Position on the Heart AxisLaboratory Activity 16.3 Submaximal Exercise Effects With a 12-Lead ECGAppendix A: Units of Measure ConversionsAppendix B: Estimation of the O2 Cost of Walking, Running, and Leg ErgometryAppendix C: Haldane TransformationAppendix D: Metabolic Cart InformationAppendix E: Calibration of Equipment