Edited by Irini Stamatoudi, Professor of Intellectual Property Law and Cultural Heritage Law, Faculty of Law, University of Nicosia, Cyprus

‘By and large, with this edited volume, Irini Stamatoudi brings to light the importance of resolving existing tensions between intellectual property and cultural heritage legal frameworks. She succeeds in creating a starting point for a broad and inclusive debate among practitioners, policymakers, rightsholders, institutions, and platforms involved in the cultural sectors. It is with this intention of fostering a dialogue that my recommendation to read and engage with this book is sincere and full, embracing the sentiment that Irini Stamatoudi conveys at the end of her work claiming that its aim is “not just to make us wiser, but mostly to make us watch out for the days to come”.’

• Contents:Introduction to the Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and CulturalHeritage: Overview of the issues 1Irini StamatoudiPART I IP PROTECTION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGESECTION I.A GENERAL1 The notions of intellectual property and cultural heritage: Overlaps and clashes 8Irini Stamatoudi2 The protection of cultural heritage by copyright and related rights 37Paul Torremans3 The protection of cultural heritage by trademarks 55Mira Burri4 Cultural heritage and patent law: Alternatives for the protection oftraditional knowledge and genetic resources 72Pedro Henrique D. Batista5 The protection of cultural heritage by designs 93Bernd Justin Jütte and Alina Trapova6 The protection of intangible cultural assets by trade secrets and unfaircompetition law 112Neethu Rajam and Jens SchovsboPART II IP PROTECTION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGESECTION I.B SPECIAL ISSUES7 Traditional knowledge, databases and prior art: Options for an effectivedefensive use of TK against undue patent granting 132Reto M. Hilty, Pedro Henrique D. Batista and Suelen Carls8 Re-evaluating the art practice of ‘appropriation’ from a copyright lawperspective 154Marina Markellou9 Preservation and heritagisation of street art and graffiti 170Enrico Bonadio10 Copyright issues on the use of images on the Internet 191Marie-Christine Janssens, Arina Gorbatyuk and Sonsoles Pajares Rivas11 Linking, framing, and browsing digital or digitised works of art 214Irini Stamatoudi and Zoi Mavroskoti12 The protection of traditional cultural expressions by geographical indications 236Michael Blakeney13 Copyright ownership challenge arising from AI-generated works of art:A time to stand and stare 250Theodoros ChiouPART III POLITICS AND POLICIES ASSOCIATED WITHPROTECTING CULTURAL HERITAGE BY IPRS14 States’ discretion to classify IP subject matter as national cultural treasures 274Maria-Daphne Papadopoulou and Maria G. Sinanidou15 Intellectual property, cultural heritage, and human rights 294Peter K. Yu16 ‘Best practices’ to protect indigenous knowledge? 311Jessica C. Lai17 Intangible cultural heritage, intellectual property and the public domain 326Charlotte Waelde18 Bridging intellectual property and cultural heritage law in the practiceof international governmental organisations 339Andrzej Jakubowski and Hanna SchreiberPART IV SPECIAL ISSUES FOR CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS19 The artist’s resale right 358Simon Stokes20 Digitization of cultural heritage under EU copyright: Digitizing the pastto enable access and innovation for the future 374Stavroula Karapapa21 Intellectual property and cultural heritage issues for museums ofarchaeological materials 391Pınar Oruç and Uma Suthersanen22 Management issues for cultural heritage institutions 412Konstantinos Roussos and Irini Stamatoudi23 IP management for cultural heritage institutions 438Rina Elster Pantalony24 Cultural heritage, galleries and auction houses 454Leila A. Amineddoleh25 IP issues relating to cultural heritage platforms and new business models 479Julia Wildgans26 Born digital: Law, policy, and the preservation of videogames as digitalcultural heritage 501Benjamin Farrand27 Private international law and cultural property and art disputes 516Marc Weber28 ADR, cultural heritage and intellectual property: A continuum ofdispute resolution processes 542Debbie De Girolamo29 Intellectual property implications of 3D printing of cultural heritage 563Charles CroninConclusion to the Research Handbook on Intellectual Property of CulturalHeritage: Important highlights 577Irini StamatoudiIndex

Edited by Irini Stamatoudi, Professor of Intellectual Property Law and Cultural Heritage Law, Faculty of Law, University of Nicosia, Cyprus

‘By and large, with this edited volume, Irini Stamatoudi brings to light the importance of resolving existing tensions between intellectual property and cultural heritage legal frameworks. She succeeds in creating a starting point for a broad and inclusive debate among practitioners, policymakers, rightsholders, institutions, and platforms involved in the cultural sectors. It is with this intention of fostering a dialogue that my recommendation to read and engage with this book is sincere and full, embracing the sentiment that Irini Stamatoudi conveys at the end of her work claiming that its aim is “not just to make us wiser, but mostly to make us watch out for the days to come”.’

• Contents:Introduction to the Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and CulturalHeritage: Overview of the issues 1Irini StamatoudiPART I IP PROTECTION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGESECTION I.A GENERAL1 The notions of intellectual property and cultural heritage: Overlaps and clashes 8Irini Stamatoudi2 The protection of cultural heritage by copyright and related rights 37Paul Torremans3 The protection of cultural heritage by trademarks 55Mira Burri4 Cultural heritage and patent law: Alternatives for the protection oftraditional knowledge and genetic resources 72Pedro Henrique D. Batista5 The protection of cultural heritage by designs 93Bernd Justin Jütte and Alina Trapova6 The protection of intangible cultural assets by trade secrets and unfaircompetition law 112Neethu Rajam and Jens SchovsboPART II IP PROTECTION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGESECTION I.B SPECIAL ISSUES7 Traditional knowledge, databases and prior art: Options for an effectivedefensive use of TK against undue patent granting 132Reto M. Hilty, Pedro Henrique D. Batista and Suelen Carls8 Re-evaluating the art practice of ‘appropriation’ from a copyright lawperspective 154Marina Markellou9 Preservation and heritagisation of street art and graffiti 170Enrico Bonadio10 Copyright issues on the use of images on the Internet 191Marie-Christine Janssens, Arina Gorbatyuk and Sonsoles Pajares Rivas11 Linking, framing, and browsing digital or digitised works of art 214Irini Stamatoudi and Zoi Mavroskoti12 The protection of traditional cultural expressions by geographical indications 236Michael Blakeney13 Copyright ownership challenge arising from AI-generated works of art:A time to stand and stare 250Theodoros ChiouPART III POLITICS AND POLICIES ASSOCIATED WITHPROTECTING CULTURAL HERITAGE BY IPRS14 States’ discretion to classify IP subject matter as national cultural treasures 274Maria-Daphne Papadopoulou and Maria G. Sinanidou15 Intellectual property, cultural heritage, and human rights 294Peter K. Yu16 ‘Best practices’ to protect indigenous knowledge? 311Jessica C. Lai17 Intangible cultural heritage, intellectual property and the public domain 326Charlotte Waelde18 Bridging intellectual property and cultural heritage law in the practiceof international governmental organisations 339Andrzej Jakubowski and Hanna SchreiberPART IV SPECIAL ISSUES FOR CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS19 The artist’s resale right 358Simon Stokes20 Digitization of cultural heritage under EU copyright: Digitizing the pastto enable access and innovation for the future 374Stavroula Karapapa21 Intellectual property and cultural heritage issues for museums ofarchaeological materials 391Pınar Oruç and Uma Suthersanen22 Management issues for cultural heritage institutions 412Konstantinos Roussos and Irini Stamatoudi23 IP management for cultural heritage institutions 438Rina Elster Pantalony24 Cultural heritage, galleries and auction houses 454Leila A. Amineddoleh25 IP issues relating to cultural heritage platforms and new business models 479Julia Wildgans26 Born digital: Law, policy, and the preservation of videogames as digitalcultural heritage 501Benjamin Farrand27 Private international law and cultural property and art disputes 516Marc Weber28 ADR, cultural heritage and intellectual property: A continuum ofdispute resolution processes 542Debbie De Girolamo29 Intellectual property implications of 3D printing of cultural heritage 563Charles CroninConclusion to the Research Handbook on Intellectual Property of CulturalHeritage: Important highlights 577Irini StamatoudiIndex

Edited by Irini Stamatoudi, Professor of Intellectual Property Law and Cultural Heritage Law, Faculty of Law, University of Nicosia, Cyprus

‘By and large, with this edited volume, Irini Stamatoudi brings to light the importance of resolving existing tensions between intellectual property and cultural heritage legal frameworks. She succeeds in creating a starting point for a broad and inclusive debate among practitioners, policymakers, rightsholders, institutions, and platforms involved in the cultural sectors. It is with this intention of fostering a dialogue that my recommendation to read and engage with this book is sincere and full, embracing the sentiment that Irini Stamatoudi conveys at the end of her work claiming that its aim is “not just to make us wiser, but mostly to make us watch out for the days to come”.’

• Contents:Introduction to the Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and CulturalHeritage: Overview of the issues 1Irini StamatoudiPART I IP PROTECTION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGESECTION I.A GENERAL1 The notions of intellectual property and cultural heritage: Overlaps and clashes 8Irini Stamatoudi2 The protection of cultural heritage by copyright and related rights 37Paul Torremans3 The protection of cultural heritage by trademarks 55Mira Burri4 Cultural heritage and patent law: Alternatives for the protection oftraditional knowledge and genetic resources 72Pedro Henrique D. Batista5 The protection of cultural heritage by designs 93Bernd Justin Jütte and Alina Trapova6 The protection of intangible cultural assets by trade secrets and unfaircompetition law 112Neethu Rajam and Jens SchovsboPART II IP PROTECTION FOR CULTURAL HERITAGESECTION I.B SPECIAL ISSUES7 Traditional knowledge, databases and prior art: Options for an effectivedefensive use of TK against undue patent granting 132Reto M. Hilty, Pedro Henrique D. Batista and Suelen Carls8 Re-evaluating the art practice of ‘appropriation’ from a copyright lawperspective 154Marina Markellou9 Preservation and heritagisation of street art and graffiti 170Enrico Bonadio10 Copyright issues on the use of images on the Internet 191Marie-Christine Janssens, Arina Gorbatyuk and Sonsoles Pajares Rivas11 Linking, framing, and browsing digital or digitised works of art 214Irini Stamatoudi and Zoi Mavroskoti12 The protection of traditional cultural expressions by geographical indications 236Michael Blakeney13 Copyright ownership challenge arising from AI-generated works of art:A time to stand and stare 250Theodoros ChiouPART III POLITICS AND POLICIES ASSOCIATED WITHPROTECTING CULTURAL HERITAGE BY IPRS14 States’ discretion to classify IP subject matter as national cultural treasures 274Maria-Daphne Papadopoulou and Maria G. Sinanidou15 Intellectual property, cultural heritage, and human rights 294Peter K. Yu16 ‘Best practices’ to protect indigenous knowledge? 311Jessica C. Lai17 Intangible cultural heritage, intellectual property and the public domain 326Charlotte Waelde18 Bridging intellectual property and cultural heritage law in the practiceof international governmental organisations 339Andrzej Jakubowski and Hanna SchreiberPART IV SPECIAL ISSUES FOR CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS19 The artist’s resale right 358Simon Stokes20 Digitization of cultural heritage under EU copyright: Digitizing the pastto enable access and innovation for the future 374Stavroula Karapapa21 Intellectual property and cultural heritage issues for museums ofarchaeological materials 391Pınar Oruç and Uma Suthersanen22 Management issues for cultural heritage institutions 412Konstantinos Roussos and Irini Stamatoudi23 IP management for cultural heritage institutions 438Rina Elster Pantalony24 Cultural heritage, galleries and auction houses 454Leila A. Amineddoleh25 IP issues relating to cultural heritage platforms and new business models 479Julia Wildgans26 Born digital: Law, policy, and the preservation of videogames as digitalcultural heritage 501Benjamin Farrand27 Private international law and cultural property and art disputes 516Marc Weber28 ADR, cultural heritage and intellectual property: A continuum ofdispute resolution processes 542Debbie De Girolamo29 Intellectual property implications of 3D printing of cultural heritage 563Charles CroninConclusion to the Research Handbook on Intellectual Property of CulturalHeritage: Important highlights 577Irini StamatoudiIndex