Handbook of Innovation Indicators and Measurement

Edited by Fred Gault, Professorial Fellow, UNU-MERIT, the Netherlands, Professor Extraordinaire and Member of the Institute for Economic Research on Innovation, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa, and Visiting Professor, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Anthony Arundel, Maastricht University and Professorial Fellow, UNU-MERIT, the Netherlands and Erika Kraemer-Mbula, Professor, DSI/NRF/Newton Fund Trilateral Chair in Transformative Innovation, the 4th Industrial Revolution and Sustainable Development, University of Johannesburg, South Africa and Visiting Professor, Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, UCL, London, UK

‘”To measure is to know”. There is probably no other area than innovation where this saying seems appropriate. Or where similar sayings, such as “if you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it” or “what gets measured gets done” have a particular relevance to public policy. From improving the industrial competitiveness of a country or region to responding to old and new social and environmental challenges, in practically all countries of the world, innovation policy has emerged over the last decades as a crucial policy area. Fred Gault, the international expert in the field of innovation statistics and indicators, and his expert colleagues, Anthony Arundel and Erika Kraemer-Mbula, provide, in this second edition of the Handbook of Innovation Indicators and Measurement, an essential update and revision of the progress made in the way we look in a quantitative way at innovation. Much has indeed changed over the last ten years. This book provides an invaluable addition to our knowledge of the ubiquitous nature of innovation.’

• Contents:PART I WHY INDICATORS MATTER1 Innovation indicators and measurement: an overview 2Fred GaultPART II DEFINITIONS2 The Oslo Manual and standards 12Fred GaultPART III THE BUSINESS SECTOR AND THE OSLO MANUAL3 Innovation measurement and policy in Japan: potentials of the generaldefinition of innovation for measurement from a systems approach viewpoint 19Tomohiro Ijichi4 Microbusiness innovation in the United States: making sense of thelargest and most variegated firm size class 31John E. Jankowski, Timothy R. Wojan and Audrey E. Kindlon5 Innovation panel surveys in Germany: the Mannheim Innovation Panel 54Bettina Peters and Christian Rammer6 Low-technology modes of innovation in the business sector: expandingmeasurement perspectives 88Fernanda Reichert and Kieran O’Brien7 A taxonomy of innovation ‘profiles’ for innovative and non-innovativefirms: examples from the European Community Innovation Survey 111Hugo HollandersPART IV BEYOND THE BUSINESS SECTOR8 Household innovation: its nature, measurement, applications and outlook 136Jeroen P.J. de Jong and Eric von Hippel9 Measuring public sector innovation 158Anthony Arundel and Pierre Schoonraad10 Measuring environmental (eco-) innovation 177René Kemp, Christian Rammer and Anthony Arundel11 Assessing the impact of social innovation 197Frank Moulaert and Diana MacCallumPART V MEASUREMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES12 Measuring the digital transformation 221Leonid Gokhberg, Gulnara Abdrakhmanova, Ekaterina Streltsova andKonstantin Vishnevskiy13 Technology measurement in statistics and beyond: revivingtechnological innovation concept 240Leonid Gokhberg, Konstantin Fursov and Vitaliy Roud14 Measuring frontier technology adoption in developing countries 260Edward Lorenz and Erika Kraemer-Mbula15 Gender and innovation: indicators and measurement gaps 278Aubrey DeVeny Incorvaia, Kaye Husbands Fealing and Londa Schiebinger16 Inclusive innovation and how it can be measured in developed anddeveloping countries 297E. Louise Earl, Claudia De Fuentes, Jeff Kinder and R. Sandra Schillo17 Hybrid innovation surveys: combining subject and object approaches toinnovation measurement 323Anthony Arundel18 Measuring the use of design thinking and co-creation for innovation 342Anne Jørgensen Nordli and Stefanie Gesierich19 Measuring innovation in the informal economy: current knowledge andopen issues 363Erika Kraemer-Mbula20 Advancing the measurement of frugal innovation 375Maria Alejandra Pineda-Escobar, Valentina De Marchi and Peter Knorringa21 A critical assessment of the European Innovation Scoreboard 391Hugo Hollanders22 Application of innovation measurement to policy: views from Africa 415Almamy Konté and Sévérin Ekpe23 Where are innovation indicators and measurement going? 432Anthony Arundel, Erika Kraemer-Mbula and Fred GaultIndex