Edited by Taha Yasseri, Workday Professor and Chair of Technology and Society, Centre for Sociology of Humans and Machines (SOHAM), Trinity College Dublin and TechnologicalUniversity Dublin, Ireland

‘This Handbook is remarkable, showcasing the breadth of computational social science – from powerful methods to inspiring applications. It sparks curiosity and invites students to embrace the endless possibilities of this vibrant field. A must-read for anyone eager to shape the discipline’s present and its exciting future.’

• ContentsPART I FOUNDATIONS1 My personal and our collective journey in computational social science 2Taha Yasseri2 Computational social science: past, present, and future 9Duncan J. Watts and David Lazer3 How computational social science can help to improve public policymaking 30Helen Margetts and Cosmina Dorobantu4 Computational social science, artificial intelligence, and thefuture of media theory 40Ralph Schroeder5 On the intersection of analytical sociology and computational social science 56Martin Arvidsson, Peter Hedström, Benjamin F. Jarvis, and Marc Keuschnigg6 Computational inductive research 72Laura K. NelsonPART II METHODSSECTION 1 NOVEL DATA SOURCES7 Using data from social media for computational social science research 87Katrin Weller and Indira Sen8 Text data and natural language processing 100Dirk Hovy, Margot Gerondeau, and Jan Globisz9 Mobile social networks: using Whatsapp data for computationalsocial science research 116Kiran Garimella10 Social media data donation and digital tracking 135Felicia Loecherbach and Wouter van Atteveldt11 Open data in computational social science research 150Luis-Daniel Ibáñez, Johanna Walker, and Elena Simperl12 An online picture is worth a thousand words 160Federico BottaSECTION 2 SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS13 Temporal networks of social interactions 173Jari Saramäki and Petter Holme14 Multilayer social networks 189Mikko Kivelä15 Strong friendship paradox in social networks 199Kristina Lerman16 Estimating causal effects in experiments with network spillovers 209Stephanie Zonszein, P. M. Aronow, and Cyrus SamiiSECTION 3 AGENT-BASED MODELING17 Agent-based models and networks 224Andreas Flache, Marijn A. Keijzer, and Michael Mäs18 Exploring theory with agent-based modeling and simulation 236Jan LorenzSECTION 4 TEXT ANALYSIS19 Learning the social pragmatics of language 259Luca Maria Aiello20 Learning with weak supervision for computational social science 269Diyi Yang and Caleb Ziems21 Computational text sentiment analysis: methods, applications,and challenges 293Mike ThelwallSECTION 5 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS22 From online experiments to big experimental data 305Stefano Balietti23 Behavioral experiments in computational social science 320Vincent Buskens, Rense Corten, and Wojtek Przepiorka24 Natural experiments in computational social science: principles,methods, and applications 334David J. HardingPART III APPLICATIONSSECTION 1 POLITICS25 Analyzing political bots on Twitter: an introduction 347Simon Lindgren26 Social media and electoral prediction: ten years after 360Daniel Gayo-Avello, Andreas Jungherr, and Gonzalo Rivero27 Computational social science approaches to sustainabilityand climate change 372Viktoria Spaiser28 Opinion dynamics in social networks: from models to data 384Antonio F. Peralta, János Kertész, and Gerardo IñiguezSECTION 2 JUSTICE AND EQUALITY29 Computational approaches to the study of corruption 408Isabela Villamil, János Kertész, and Johannes Wachs30 Social movements in the digital age 424Adina Gitomer, Alyssa Smith, Hana Chalmers, Larissa Doroshenko,Robin A. Lange, Alex Madaras, Ryan J. Gallagher, Tamanna Urmi,and Brooke Foucault Welles31 Minorities in networks and algorithms 438Fariba Karimi, Marcos Oliveira, and Markus Strohmaier32 Computing gender 452Orsolya Vásárhelyi and Siân BrookeSECTION 3 COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION DYNAMICS33 Social bots: detection and challenges 473Kai-Cheng Yang, Onur Varol, Alexander C. Nwala, MohsenSayyadiharikandeh, Emilio Ferrara, Alessandro Flammini, andFilippo Menczer34 Communication during crisis: examining the dynamics of rumors online 492Emma S. Spiro35 Quantifying and modeling language change 507Eduardo G. Altmann36 Societal algorithmification and its computational measurement 519Martin HilbertSECTION 4 HEALTH37 Employing social media to improve mental health outcomes 541Munmun De Choudhury38 Modeling the spreading of infectious diseases in the digital age 558Nicola Perra39 Computational demography and health 575Zack W. Almquist, Courtney Allen, and Ihsan KahveciSECTION 5 HUMAN, GROUP, AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS40 An overview of the science of success 592Xindi Wang, Alexander J. Gates, and Albert-László Barabási41 Big love: computational approaches to the study oflarge-scale patterns in online dating behavior 609Liesel L. Sharabi, Marco Dehnert, and Callie Graham42 Universalities in human mobility 625Sune Lehmann and Laura Alessandretti43 Quantifying the temporal dynamics of collective memory andattention in social systems 636Cristian Candia44 Measuring and modeling bursty human phenomena 652Márton Karsai and Hang-Hyun JoSECTION 6 ECONOMY AND FINANCE45 A computational social science approach to urban economies 664Neave O’Clery and Andres Gomez-Lievano46 Exploring blockchain networks: decentralization trust,and social dynamics 681Raffaele Cristodaro, Carlo Campajola, and Claudio J. Tessone47 Cooperation: a field experimental approach 696Delia Baldassarri and Johanna GerekeSECTION 7 CREATIVITY AND INTELLIGENCE48 Collaborative creativity as a field within computational social science 711Balazs Vedres49 Studying collective intelligence in the lab 726Abdullah Almaatouq and Joshua Aaron Becker50 Hybrid intelligence: combining collective and artificialintelligence for adaptive control 740Niccolò Pescetelli51 The statistical relationship between scientific prizes and the dynamicsof careers and topic development 759Yifang Ma, Ching Jin, and Brian Uzzi52 Science of science: citation models and research evaluation 780Vincent A. Traag53 Computational sociology of humans and machines: conflictand collaboration 809Taha YasseriSECTION 8 ONLINE COMMUNITIES, KNOWLEDGE, AND EDUCATION54 Shocks in crowds: networks and online communities 824Danaja Maldeniya and Daniel M. Romero55 Unpacking time in online behaviors: a temporal frameworkfor computational social science 840Tai-Quan Peng and Jonathan J. H. Zhu56 Navigating knowledge: patterns and insights from Wikipedia consumption 855Tiziano Piccardi and Robert West57 Understanding and improving social factors in education:a computational social science approach 872Nabeel Gillani and Rebecca Eynon58 Interconnectedness in education systems 891Cristian Candia, Javier Pulgar, and Flávio L. PinheiroIndex 910

Edited by Taha Yasseri, Workday Professor and Chair of Technology and Society, Centre for Sociology of Humans and Machines (SOHAM), Trinity College Dublin and TechnologicalUniversity Dublin, Ireland

‘This Handbook is remarkable, showcasing the breadth of computational social science – from powerful methods to inspiring applications. It sparks curiosity and invites students to embrace the endless possibilities of this vibrant field. A must-read for anyone eager to shape the discipline’s present and its exciting future.’

• ContentsPART I FOUNDATIONS1 My personal and our collective journey in computational social science 2Taha Yasseri2 Computational social science: past, present, and future 9Duncan J. Watts and David Lazer3 How computational social science can help to improve public policymaking 30Helen Margetts and Cosmina Dorobantu4 Computational social science, artificial intelligence, and thefuture of media theory 40Ralph Schroeder5 On the intersection of analytical sociology and computational social science 56Martin Arvidsson, Peter Hedström, Benjamin F. Jarvis, and Marc Keuschnigg6 Computational inductive research 72Laura K. NelsonPART II METHODSSECTION 1 NOVEL DATA SOURCES7 Using data from social media for computational social science research 87Katrin Weller and Indira Sen8 Text data and natural language processing 100Dirk Hovy, Margot Gerondeau, and Jan Globisz9 Mobile social networks: using Whatsapp data for computationalsocial science research 116Kiran Garimella10 Social media data donation and digital tracking 135Felicia Loecherbach and Wouter van Atteveldt11 Open data in computational social science research 150Luis-Daniel Ibáñez, Johanna Walker, and Elena Simperl12 An online picture is worth a thousand words 160Federico BottaSECTION 2 SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS13 Temporal networks of social interactions 173Jari Saramäki and Petter Holme14 Multilayer social networks 189Mikko Kivelä15 Strong friendship paradox in social networks 199Kristina Lerman16 Estimating causal effects in experiments with network spillovers 209Stephanie Zonszein, P. M. Aronow, and Cyrus SamiiSECTION 3 AGENT-BASED MODELING17 Agent-based models and networks 224Andreas Flache, Marijn A. Keijzer, and Michael Mäs18 Exploring theory with agent-based modeling and simulation 236Jan LorenzSECTION 4 TEXT ANALYSIS19 Learning the social pragmatics of language 259Luca Maria Aiello20 Learning with weak supervision for computational social science 269Diyi Yang and Caleb Ziems21 Computational text sentiment analysis: methods, applications,and challenges 293Mike ThelwallSECTION 5 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS22 From online experiments to big experimental data 305Stefano Balietti23 Behavioral experiments in computational social science 320Vincent Buskens, Rense Corten, and Wojtek Przepiorka24 Natural experiments in computational social science: principles,methods, and applications 334David J. HardingPART III APPLICATIONSSECTION 1 POLITICS25 Analyzing political bots on Twitter: an introduction 347Simon Lindgren26 Social media and electoral prediction: ten years after 360Daniel Gayo-Avello, Andreas Jungherr, and Gonzalo Rivero27 Computational social science approaches to sustainabilityand climate change 372Viktoria Spaiser28 Opinion dynamics in social networks: from models to data 384Antonio F. Peralta, János Kertész, and Gerardo IñiguezSECTION 2 JUSTICE AND EQUALITY29 Computational approaches to the study of corruption 408Isabela Villamil, János Kertész, and Johannes Wachs30 Social movements in the digital age 424Adina Gitomer, Alyssa Smith, Hana Chalmers, Larissa Doroshenko,Robin A. Lange, Alex Madaras, Ryan J. Gallagher, Tamanna Urmi,and Brooke Foucault Welles31 Minorities in networks and algorithms 438Fariba Karimi, Marcos Oliveira, and Markus Strohmaier32 Computing gender 452Orsolya Vásárhelyi and Siân BrookeSECTION 3 COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION DYNAMICS33 Social bots: detection and challenges 473Kai-Cheng Yang, Onur Varol, Alexander C. Nwala, MohsenSayyadiharikandeh, Emilio Ferrara, Alessandro Flammini, andFilippo Menczer34 Communication during crisis: examining the dynamics of rumors online 492Emma S. Spiro35 Quantifying and modeling language change 507Eduardo G. Altmann36 Societal algorithmification and its computational measurement 519Martin HilbertSECTION 4 HEALTH37 Employing social media to improve mental health outcomes 541Munmun De Choudhury38 Modeling the spreading of infectious diseases in the digital age 558Nicola Perra39 Computational demography and health 575Zack W. Almquist, Courtney Allen, and Ihsan KahveciSECTION 5 HUMAN, GROUP, AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS40 An overview of the science of success 592Xindi Wang, Alexander J. Gates, and Albert-László Barabási41 Big love: computational approaches to the study oflarge-scale patterns in online dating behavior 609Liesel L. Sharabi, Marco Dehnert, and Callie Graham42 Universalities in human mobility 625Sune Lehmann and Laura Alessandretti43 Quantifying the temporal dynamics of collective memory andattention in social systems 636Cristian Candia44 Measuring and modeling bursty human phenomena 652Márton Karsai and Hang-Hyun JoSECTION 6 ECONOMY AND FINANCE45 A computational social science approach to urban economies 664Neave O’Clery and Andres Gomez-Lievano46 Exploring blockchain networks: decentralization trust,and social dynamics 681Raffaele Cristodaro, Carlo Campajola, and Claudio J. Tessone47 Cooperation: a field experimental approach 696Delia Baldassarri and Johanna GerekeSECTION 7 CREATIVITY AND INTELLIGENCE48 Collaborative creativity as a field within computational social science 711Balazs Vedres49 Studying collective intelligence in the lab 726Abdullah Almaatouq and Joshua Aaron Becker50 Hybrid intelligence: combining collective and artificialintelligence for adaptive control 740Niccolò Pescetelli51 The statistical relationship between scientific prizes and the dynamicsof careers and topic development 759Yifang Ma, Ching Jin, and Brian Uzzi52 Science of science: citation models and research evaluation 780Vincent A. Traag53 Computational sociology of humans and machines: conflictand collaboration 809Taha YasseriSECTION 8 ONLINE COMMUNITIES, KNOWLEDGE, AND EDUCATION54 Shocks in crowds: networks and online communities 824Danaja Maldeniya and Daniel M. Romero55 Unpacking time in online behaviors: a temporal frameworkfor computational social science 840Tai-Quan Peng and Jonathan J. H. Zhu56 Navigating knowledge: patterns and insights from Wikipedia consumption 855Tiziano Piccardi and Robert West57 Understanding and improving social factors in education:a computational social science approach 872Nabeel Gillani and Rebecca Eynon58 Interconnectedness in education systems 891Cristian Candia, Javier Pulgar, and Flávio L. PinheiroIndex 910

Edited by Taha Yasseri, Workday Professor and Chair of Technology and Society, Centre for Sociology of Humans and Machines (SOHAM), Trinity College Dublin and TechnologicalUniversity Dublin, Ireland

‘This Handbook is remarkable, showcasing the breadth of computational social science – from powerful methods to inspiring applications. It sparks curiosity and invites students to embrace the endless possibilities of this vibrant field. A must-read for anyone eager to shape the discipline’s present and its exciting future.’

• ContentsPART I FOUNDATIONS1 My personal and our collective journey in computational social science 2Taha Yasseri2 Computational social science: past, present, and future 9Duncan J. Watts and David Lazer3 How computational social science can help to improve public policymaking 30Helen Margetts and Cosmina Dorobantu4 Computational social science, artificial intelligence, and thefuture of media theory 40Ralph Schroeder5 On the intersection of analytical sociology and computational social science 56Martin Arvidsson, Peter Hedström, Benjamin F. Jarvis, and Marc Keuschnigg6 Computational inductive research 72Laura K. NelsonPART II METHODSSECTION 1 NOVEL DATA SOURCES7 Using data from social media for computational social science research 87Katrin Weller and Indira Sen8 Text data and natural language processing 100Dirk Hovy, Margot Gerondeau, and Jan Globisz9 Mobile social networks: using Whatsapp data for computationalsocial science research 116Kiran Garimella10 Social media data donation and digital tracking 135Felicia Loecherbach and Wouter van Atteveldt11 Open data in computational social science research 150Luis-Daniel Ibáñez, Johanna Walker, and Elena Simperl12 An online picture is worth a thousand words 160Federico BottaSECTION 2 SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS13 Temporal networks of social interactions 173Jari Saramäki and Petter Holme14 Multilayer social networks 189Mikko Kivelä15 Strong friendship paradox in social networks 199Kristina Lerman16 Estimating causal effects in experiments with network spillovers 209Stephanie Zonszein, P. M. Aronow, and Cyrus SamiiSECTION 3 AGENT-BASED MODELING17 Agent-based models and networks 224Andreas Flache, Marijn A. Keijzer, and Michael Mäs18 Exploring theory with agent-based modeling and simulation 236Jan LorenzSECTION 4 TEXT ANALYSIS19 Learning the social pragmatics of language 259Luca Maria Aiello20 Learning with weak supervision for computational social science 269Diyi Yang and Caleb Ziems21 Computational text sentiment analysis: methods, applications,and challenges 293Mike ThelwallSECTION 5 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS22 From online experiments to big experimental data 305Stefano Balietti23 Behavioral experiments in computational social science 320Vincent Buskens, Rense Corten, and Wojtek Przepiorka24 Natural experiments in computational social science: principles,methods, and applications 334David J. HardingPART III APPLICATIONSSECTION 1 POLITICS25 Analyzing political bots on Twitter: an introduction 347Simon Lindgren26 Social media and electoral prediction: ten years after 360Daniel Gayo-Avello, Andreas Jungherr, and Gonzalo Rivero27 Computational social science approaches to sustainabilityand climate change 372Viktoria Spaiser28 Opinion dynamics in social networks: from models to data 384Antonio F. Peralta, János Kertész, and Gerardo IñiguezSECTION 2 JUSTICE AND EQUALITY29 Computational approaches to the study of corruption 408Isabela Villamil, János Kertész, and Johannes Wachs30 Social movements in the digital age 424Adina Gitomer, Alyssa Smith, Hana Chalmers, Larissa Doroshenko,Robin A. Lange, Alex Madaras, Ryan J. Gallagher, Tamanna Urmi,and Brooke Foucault Welles31 Minorities in networks and algorithms 438Fariba Karimi, Marcos Oliveira, and Markus Strohmaier32 Computing gender 452Orsolya Vásárhelyi and Siân BrookeSECTION 3 COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION DYNAMICS33 Social bots: detection and challenges 473Kai-Cheng Yang, Onur Varol, Alexander C. Nwala, MohsenSayyadiharikandeh, Emilio Ferrara, Alessandro Flammini, andFilippo Menczer34 Communication during crisis: examining the dynamics of rumors online 492Emma S. Spiro35 Quantifying and modeling language change 507Eduardo G. Altmann36 Societal algorithmification and its computational measurement 519Martin HilbertSECTION 4 HEALTH37 Employing social media to improve mental health outcomes 541Munmun De Choudhury38 Modeling the spreading of infectious diseases in the digital age 558Nicola Perra39 Computational demography and health 575Zack W. Almquist, Courtney Allen, and Ihsan KahveciSECTION 5 HUMAN, GROUP, AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS40 An overview of the science of success 592Xindi Wang, Alexander J. Gates, and Albert-László Barabási41 Big love: computational approaches to the study oflarge-scale patterns in online dating behavior 609Liesel L. Sharabi, Marco Dehnert, and Callie Graham42 Universalities in human mobility 625Sune Lehmann and Laura Alessandretti43 Quantifying the temporal dynamics of collective memory andattention in social systems 636Cristian Candia44 Measuring and modeling bursty human phenomena 652Márton Karsai and Hang-Hyun JoSECTION 6 ECONOMY AND FINANCE45 A computational social science approach to urban economies 664Neave O’Clery and Andres Gomez-Lievano46 Exploring blockchain networks: decentralization trust,and social dynamics 681Raffaele Cristodaro, Carlo Campajola, and Claudio J. Tessone47 Cooperation: a field experimental approach 696Delia Baldassarri and Johanna GerekeSECTION 7 CREATIVITY AND INTELLIGENCE48 Collaborative creativity as a field within computational social science 711Balazs Vedres49 Studying collective intelligence in the lab 726Abdullah Almaatouq and Joshua Aaron Becker50 Hybrid intelligence: combining collective and artificialintelligence for adaptive control 740Niccolò Pescetelli51 The statistical relationship between scientific prizes and the dynamicsof careers and topic development 759Yifang Ma, Ching Jin, and Brian Uzzi52 Science of science: citation models and research evaluation 780Vincent A. Traag53 Computational sociology of humans and machines: conflictand collaboration 809Taha YasseriSECTION 8 ONLINE COMMUNITIES, KNOWLEDGE, AND EDUCATION54 Shocks in crowds: networks and online communities 824Danaja Maldeniya and Daniel M. Romero55 Unpacking time in online behaviors: a temporal frameworkfor computational social science 840Tai-Quan Peng and Jonathan J. H. Zhu56 Navigating knowledge: patterns and insights from Wikipedia consumption 855Tiziano Piccardi and Robert West57 Understanding and improving social factors in education:a computational social science approach 872Nabeel Gillani and Rebecca Eynon58 Interconnectedness in education systems 891Cristian Candia, Javier Pulgar, and Flávio L. PinheiroIndex 910