Research Handbook on Surrogacy and the Law

Edited by Katarina Trimmings, Professor of Law, School of Law, University of Aberdeen, UK, Sharon Shakargy, Judge Harry M. Fisher Associate Professor in Private International and Interreligious Law, Faculty of Law, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel and Claire Achmad, Guest Lecturer, Department of Child Law, Faculty of Law, Universiteit Leiden, the Netherlands

‘The Handbook serves as a comprehensive attempt to shed light on this complex web and untangle the variety of issues that characterize it. It offers a robust reading package and a valuable snapshot of current thinking in this area. It also stands as a reminder of how many different legal fields we, in fact, must evaluate when the legal aspects of surrogacy are under scrutiny.’

• Contents:1 Surrogacy and the law: an introduction 1Katarina Trimmings, Sharon Shakargy and Claire AchmadPART I SURROGACY AND RIGHTS2 The significance of genetics in surrogacy 8Nola Cammu and Machteld Vonk3 Surrogacy and global justice 24Kimberly Mutcherson4 Surrogacy and the ‘best interests principle’ 40Claire Fenton-Glynn5 Surrogacy, intermediaries, and the sale of children 54David Smolin and Maud de Boer-Buquicchio6 Child’s right to identity in surrogacy 108Mia Dambach and Nigel Cantwell7 Surrogacy and discrimination 130Nensi Sinanaj8 Surrogacy in the ECtHR and the European Institutions 151Alina Tryfonidou9 Surrogacy, feminism and LGBTQ2S+ family building 169Vanessa Gruben, Stefanie Carsley and Alicia Czarnowski10 International human rights law and the rights of women in reproductivesurrogacy: between principle and pragmatism 187Yasmine ErgasPART II INTERFACE BETWEEN SURROGACY AND DIFFERENTAREAS OF LAW11 Surrogacy and contract law 207Brian H. Bix12 Surrogacy and employment law 223Annick Masselot and Martha Ceballos13 Surrogacy and criminal law 240Ilona Cairns and Molly O’Donoghue14 Surrogacy and bioethics 263Malcolm Smith, Jayne Hewitt and Patricia FronekPART III CROSS-BORDER DIMENSIONS15 Surrogacy in private international law 283Sharon Shakargy16 Surrogacy and the Hague Conference on Private International Law 296Laura Martínez-Mora17 Nationality and immigration obstacles in cross-border surrogacy arrangements 320Michael Wells-GrecoPART IV REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES18 Western European approaches to surrogacy 340Cristina González Beilfuss19 Recent changes in Russian law on surrogacy in the Eastern European context 354Olga A. Khazova20 Surrogacy in the Anglo world: the UK, Australia, Canada and NewZealand Research handbook on surrogacy and the law 377Mary Keyes21 Surrogacy in Asia 396Elizabeth H. Aguiling-Pangalangan22 Surrogacy in the United States of America: from prohibition to permission 437Sital Kalantry23 Surrogacy in South America 454Nieve Rubaja24 Gestational surrogacy in Muslim-majority states 476Andrea Büchler and Arezoo Sang Bastian25 Surrogacy in the Pacific 492Unaisi Narawa26 Surrogacy in Africa 504Julia Sloth-Nielsen