Ben Lewis is a Leverhulme Early Career Researcher at the University of Leeds. He has taught German language, politics and history at King’s College London and the University of Sheffield. In total, he has edited and translated four volumes of texts by European socialist thinkers: Karl Kautsky on Democracy and Republicanism (2019); Clara Zetkin: Letters and Writings (2015; with Mike Jones) Karl Kautsky on Colonialism (2013; with Mike Macnair); and Zinoviev and Martov: Head to Head in Halle (2011; with Lars T. Lih).He has delivered papers at multiple international academic conferences (including Chicago, London and Paris)

“Lewis is right to question the majority view that [Spengler] remained wedded to his deterministic fatalism. His Spengler embraces the dual role of observer and actor, intent on identifying the new emperor whose global exploits will sweep aside the ills of majority rule and socialism.” • Osman Durrani, Times Literary Supplement“Lewis's biography illuminates both the subtle and the significant transformations within Spengler's thought…Recommended.” • Choice“Our lot as English speakers interested in the ideas of this Weimar philosopher has improved significantly with the publication of Ben Lewis’s Oswald Spengler and the Politics of Decline ... Just as Lewis has helped rescue [the work of] Karl Kautsky, he also brings to life a Spengler who has been overshadowed by his own (misunderstood) masterpiece.” • Matthew Miller, Cosmonaut Magazine“The Spengler that emerges from Lewis’s closely argued and persuasive book is in equal parts a mystic, a self-publicist, a keen-eyed critic of liberal humbug, a romantic and a fool, who in helping to persuade millions of people to choose the paths of blood and iron, protected nothing of the past he was trying to save.” • Magazine - Lives; Running“Oswald Spengler remains an enigmatic figure. Fiercely opposed to the biologistic racism that has dominated right wing thinking in the European-West, he was also a staunch ‘Caesarist’, agitating for dictatorial political institutions that could realise his hopes for a non-Marxist socialism. Lewis’s book is an outstanding contribution to understanding this, by turns, most compelling and disturbing of thinkers.” • Simon Glendinning, London School of Economics and Political Science.“Revisiting Spengler’s political writings beyond the Decline of the West, Lewis recovers Spengler’s actual significance as a political thinker from the Weimar years to the Third Reich. The first study in English to address the complexity of his fraught relationship with both socialism and liberalism, it is a must read for anyone who wants to understand the evolving character of German political thought of this period in its original context.” • Dina Gusejnova, London School of Economics and Political Science

• AcknowledgmentsPrefaceIntroductionChapter 1. Oswald Spengler’s Life and Work: A Chronological OverviewChapter 2. Spengler Reception and ResearchChapter 3. Decline, Determinism and DevelopmentChapter 4. Faustian Zivilisation: Prognosis and PerspectivesChapter 5. Spengler’s Prussian SocialismChapter 6. Rebuilding the German Reich: Illusion and FailureChapter 7. Decisive Years: Spengler and National SocialismConcluding RemarksBibliographyIndex

Ben Lewis is a Leverhulme Early Career Researcher at the University of Leeds. He has taught German language, politics and history at King’s College London and the University of Sheffield. In total, he has edited and translated four volumes of texts by European socialist thinkers: Karl Kautsky on Democracy and Republicanism (2019); Clara Zetkin: Letters and Writings (2015; with Mike Jones) Karl Kautsky on Colonialism (2013; with Mike Macnair); and Zinoviev and Martov: Head to Head in Halle (2011; with Lars T. Lih).He has delivered papers at multiple international academic conferences (including Chicago, London and Paris)

“Lewis is right to question the majority view that [Spengler] remained wedded to his deterministic fatalism. His Spengler embraces the dual role of observer and actor, intent on identifying the new emperor whose global exploits will sweep aside the ills of majority rule and socialism.” • Osman Durrani, Times Literary Supplement“Lewis's biography illuminates both the subtle and the significant transformations within Spengler's thought…Recommended.” • Choice“Our lot as English speakers interested in the ideas of this Weimar philosopher has improved significantly with the publication of Ben Lewis’s Oswald Spengler and the Politics of Decline ... Just as Lewis has helped rescue [the work of] Karl Kautsky, he also brings to life a Spengler who has been overshadowed by his own (misunderstood) masterpiece.” • Matthew Miller, Cosmonaut Magazine“The Spengler that emerges from Lewis’s closely argued and persuasive book is in equal parts a mystic, a self-publicist, a keen-eyed critic of liberal humbug, a romantic and a fool, who in helping to persuade millions of people to choose the paths of blood and iron, protected nothing of the past he was trying to save.” • Magazine - Lives; Running“Oswald Spengler remains an enigmatic figure. Fiercely opposed to the biologistic racism that has dominated right wing thinking in the European-West, he was also a staunch ‘Caesarist’, agitating for dictatorial political institutions that could realise his hopes for a non-Marxist socialism. Lewis’s book is an outstanding contribution to understanding this, by turns, most compelling and disturbing of thinkers.” • Simon Glendinning, London School of Economics and Political Science.“Revisiting Spengler’s political writings beyond the Decline of the West, Lewis recovers Spengler’s actual significance as a political thinker from the Weimar years to the Third Reich. The first study in English to address the complexity of his fraught relationship with both socialism and liberalism, it is a must read for anyone who wants to understand the evolving character of German political thought of this period in its original context.” • Dina Gusejnova, London School of Economics and Political Science

• AcknowledgmentsPrefaceIntroductionChapter 1. Oswald Spengler’s Life and Work: A Chronological OverviewChapter 2. Spengler Reception and ResearchChapter 3. Decline, Determinism and DevelopmentChapter 4. Faustian Zivilisation: Prognosis and PerspectivesChapter 5. Spengler’s Prussian SocialismChapter 6. Rebuilding the German Reich: Illusion and FailureChapter 7. Decisive Years: Spengler and National SocialismConcluding RemarksBibliographyIndex

Ben Lewis is a Leverhulme Early Career Researcher at the University of Leeds. He has taught German language, politics and history at King’s College London and the University of Sheffield. In total, he has edited and translated four volumes of texts by European socialist thinkers: Karl Kautsky on Democracy and Republicanism (2019); Clara Zetkin: Letters and Writings (2015; with Mike Jones) Karl Kautsky on Colonialism (2013; with Mike Macnair); and Zinoviev and Martov: Head to Head in Halle (2011; with Lars T. Lih).He has delivered papers at multiple international academic conferences (including Chicago, London and Paris)

“Lewis is right to question the majority view that [Spengler] remained wedded to his deterministic fatalism. His Spengler embraces the dual role of observer and actor, intent on identifying the new emperor whose global exploits will sweep aside the ills of majority rule and socialism.” • Osman Durrani, Times Literary Supplement“Lewis's biography illuminates both the subtle and the significant transformations within Spengler's thought…Recommended.” • Choice“Our lot as English speakers interested in the ideas of this Weimar philosopher has improved significantly with the publication of Ben Lewis’s Oswald Spengler and the Politics of Decline ... Just as Lewis has helped rescue [the work of] Karl Kautsky, he also brings to life a Spengler who has been overshadowed by his own (misunderstood) masterpiece.” • Matthew Miller, Cosmonaut Magazine“The Spengler that emerges from Lewis’s closely argued and persuasive book is in equal parts a mystic, a self-publicist, a keen-eyed critic of liberal humbug, a romantic and a fool, who in helping to persuade millions of people to choose the paths of blood and iron, protected nothing of the past he was trying to save.” • Magazine - Lives; Running“Oswald Spengler remains an enigmatic figure. Fiercely opposed to the biologistic racism that has dominated right wing thinking in the European-West, he was also a staunch ‘Caesarist’, agitating for dictatorial political institutions that could realise his hopes for a non-Marxist socialism. Lewis’s book is an outstanding contribution to understanding this, by turns, most compelling and disturbing of thinkers.” • Simon Glendinning, London School of Economics and Political Science.“Revisiting Spengler’s political writings beyond the Decline of the West, Lewis recovers Spengler’s actual significance as a political thinker from the Weimar years to the Third Reich. The first study in English to address the complexity of his fraught relationship with both socialism and liberalism, it is a must read for anyone who wants to understand the evolving character of German political thought of this period in its original context.” • Dina Gusejnova, London School of Economics and Political Science

• AcknowledgmentsPrefaceIntroductionChapter 1. Oswald Spengler’s Life and Work: A Chronological OverviewChapter 2. Spengler Reception and ResearchChapter 3. Decline, Determinism and DevelopmentChapter 4. Faustian Zivilisation: Prognosis and PerspectivesChapter 5. Spengler’s Prussian SocialismChapter 6. Rebuilding the German Reich: Illusion and FailureChapter 7. Decisive Years: Spengler and National SocialismConcluding RemarksBibliographyIndex